scholarly journals Use of the bar chart/S-curve and computerized precedence diagram method on scheduling and controlling building construction projects by contractors: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Putri Lynna Adelinna Luthan ◽  
Nathanael Sitanggang ◽  
Abdul Hamid ◽  
Bambang Hadibroto
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagram Method ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
S Curve ◽  
The Right

Background: Building construction projects have very complex activities, so they require precise and accurate methods of scheduling and control. Using the right method, the project executor can carry out the project according to plan and any schedule deviations can be controlled effectively. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of using the bar chart/S-curve and computerized precedence diagram method (PDM) on scheduling and controlling building construction projects. Methods: The use of the two methods and their effectiveness during project work were analysed using a survey directed to building construction workers. Results: A total of 50 workers completed the survey. The use of PDM (using Microsoft Project) was significantly more effective than the bar chart/S-curve method in scheduling building construction projects (t count 15.516> t table 2.660) and controlling building construction projects (t count 17.233> t table 2.660). In addition, PDM was associated with allowing the project to find the critical path more quickly, overcoming project delays more effectively. Conclusions: By using PDM, a on a building construction project’s schedule for the implementation of the work can be changed immediately, if there is a delay or deviation of work. The findings of this study are useful for construction service companies and the development of construction management science in civil engineering study programs.

scholarly journals STUDI PELAKSANAAN KINERJA PERCEPATAN WAKTU PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG BANK DARAH RUMAH SAKIT Dr. SOEDOMO

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Widodo Restu Putra ◽  
Ahmad Ridwan ◽  
Yosef Cahyo ◽  
Agata Iwan Candra
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Diagram Method ◽  
Optimal Service ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
S Curve

Dr.Soedomo Trenggalek Hospital has a goal to realize an optimal service for the community through the availability of supporting infrastructures. One of them is the Blood Bank Building Hospital. This study aims to determine how much cost efficiency and time efficiency of the Blood Bank Building construction project at Dr. Soedomo Trenggalek Hospital are accelerated for seven days. The research method used is the "S" Curve method to monitor project implementation in terms of cost and work performance. Furthermore, the Arrow Diagram method is used to speed up the time of project implementation by determining the critical path and paying attention to activities on the critical path to know the activities that need to be accelerated. The Blood Bank Building Construction Project was scheduled to be completed for 120 days with a Budget Plan of Rp. 891,374,000.00. After accelerating seven days to 113 days, a cost increase of Rp. 20,772,189.68. After accelerating 12 days from 120 to 108 days, an increase in costs of Rp. 26,627,020.90.Rumah Sakit Dr.Soedomo Trenggalek memiliki tujuan untuk mewujudkan pelayanan yang optimal bagi masyarakat melalui tersedianya sarana infrastruktur pendukung. Salah satunya adalah Gedung Bank Darah Rumah Sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa efisiensi biaya dan efisiensi waktu proyek pembangunan Gedung Bank Darah Rumah Sakit Dr.Soedomo Trenggalek jika dilakukan percepatan selama 7 hari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Kurva “S” untuk memantau pelaksanaan proyek ditinjau dari segi biaya dan prestasi kerja. Selanjutnya, metode Diagram Panah digunakan untuk mempercepat waktu pelaksanaan proyek dengan cara menentukan jalur kritis dan memperhatikan kegiatan – kegiatan pada jalur kritis agar dapat mengetahui kegiatan – kegiatan yang perlu dipercepat. Dalam Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Bank Darah tersebut dijadwalkan selesai selama 120 hari dengan Rencana Anggaran Biaya sebesar Rp. 891.374.000,00. Setelah dilakukan percepatan 7 hari menjadi 113 hari didapat kenaikan biaya sebesar Rp. 20.772.189,68. Setelah dilakukan percepatan 12 hari dari 120 menjadi 108 hari didapat kenaikan biaya sebesar Rp. 26.627.020,90.

Distribution and Characteristics of Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy in TB/HIV Co-Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Payam Mehrian ◽  
Abtin Doroudinia ◽  
Moghadaseh Shams ◽  
Niloufar Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hilar Adenopathy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Abnormalities

Background: Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy (ITLN) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients may have various etiologies and prognoses. Etiologies of ITLN can be distinguished based on the distribution of enlarged lymph nodes. Sometimes tuberculosis (TB) is the first sign of underlying HIV infection. Objective: We sought to determine ITLN distribution and associated pulmonary findings in TB/HIV co-infection using Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Methods: In this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study, chest CT scans of 52 patients with TB/HIV co-infection were assessed for enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes (>10 mm in short axis diameter), lymphadenopathy (LAP) distribution, calcification, conglomeration, the presence of hypodense center and associated pulmonary abnormalities. LAP distribution was compared in TB/HIV co-infection with isolated TB infection. Results: Mediastinal and/or hilar LAP were seen in 53.8% of TB/HIV co-infection patients. In all cases, LAP was multinational. The most frequent stations were right lower paratracheal and subcarinal stations. Lymph node conglomeration, hypodense center and calcification were noted in 25%, 21.4% and 3.5% of patients, respectively. LAP distribution was the same as that in patients with isolated TB infection except for the right hilar, right upper paratracheal and prevascular stations. All patients with mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Conclusion: All patients with TB/HIV co-infection and mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Superior mediastinal lymph nodes were less commonly affected in TB/HIV co-infection than isolated TB.

Disaster Risk Assessment Among Iranian Exceptional Schools

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Samaneh Miresmaeeli ◽  
Nafiseh Esmaeili ◽  
Sepideh Sadeghi Ashlaghi ◽  
Zahra Abbasi Dolatabadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Disaster Risk Assessment ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Exceptional children, like other children, have the right to be educated in a safe environment. Disasters are considered as serious issues regarding safety and security of educational environments. Following disasters, vulnerable groups, especially children with handicaps and disabilities are more likely to be seriously injured. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the safety and disaster risk assessment of exceptional schools in Tehran, Iran. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in exceptional schools in Tehran, 2018. First, 55 exceptional schools in all grades were selected based on census sampling method and evaluated by using a checklist designed by Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO) and Ministry of Education in 2015. The data were analyzed using Excel software and statistical descriptive tests. Result: Based on the results, school facilities are worn and have unsafe elevators (least safety: 7.69%), yards (least safety: 9.52%), laboratories (least safety: 16.67%), libraries (least safety: 24.24%), fire extinguishing systems (least safety: 28.99%), and storage rooms and kitchens (least safety: 33.33%) which require immediate considerations. In total, the safety of exceptional schools in this study was 70.13%, which suggests medium-risk level. Conclusion: The educational settings must be reconsidered, along with identifying the risk and safety at school. In addition, a standard should be established for evaluating safety, especially in exceptional schools.

Demonstration of the relationship between MSD and online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kochu Therisa Karingada ◽  
Michael Sony
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic lockdown has caught many educational institutions by surprise and warranted an abrupt migration from offline to online learning. This has resulted in an education change, without any time for due consideration, as regards its impact on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) on students. The purpose of this study is to investigate MSD related to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduate students in India. In total, 261 students participated in this online survey.FindingsThe study finds that around 80% of students have reported some symptom in the head, neck and eyes since they started online learning. In total, 58% have reported MSD symptom in the right shoulder and 56% in the right hand fingers. Besides, more than 40 % of students experienced some MSD symptoms, in almost all the body parts studied, due to online learning. Correlation analysis is conducted between time spent on online learning per day and MSD symptoms.Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted on MSD and online learning during COVID-19 pandemic.

Peer effects in the valuation and practices of food safety: findings from the study of dairy consumers in India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Chandra ◽  
Abdul Munasib ◽  
Devesh Roy ◽  
Vinay K. Sonkar
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Peer Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Social Multiplier ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
The Right

Purpose Information is often available to consumers through their social networks. Focusing on dairy consumers in India, this paper aims to present evidence of peer effects in consumers’ attitudes towards various food safety attributes and food safety practices. Design/methodology/approach Unobserved individual heterogeneities are crucial confounders in the identification of social (endogenous) effects. The identification is based on exploiting within-consumer variation across different aspects of attitude (or practices) related to food safety. Findings This paper uses a novel identification strategy that allows for average effects across attributes and practices to be estimated. Using the strategy, though this paper cannot estimate endogenous effects in each attribute or practice, this paper is able to identify such effects averaged over attributes or practices. Research limitations/implications Cross-sectional study, caste affiliation is not defined at the right level of granularity. Practical implications The results suggest that information campaigns aimed at creating awareness about food safety can have social multiplier effects, and this also translates into changes in the practices followed to mitigate food safety risks. Social implications In health-related awareness and practices, there are well-established cases of multiplier effects. The most significant example of this is the Pulse Polio campaign in India, where an awareness drives through social multiplier effects had such a significant impact that in 2012 India was declared polio-free. Perhaps, a similar campaign in matters related to food safety could be very fruitful. Originality/value The methodology and the issue are unique. Little exists in assessing social networks in the context of food safety.

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment Of The Variations In Thyroid Dimensions In Relation To Increase In Serum TSH In Euthyroids

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Mahrukh Kamran ◽  
Sahar Mubeen ◽  
Iffat Raza ◽  
Sanobar Bughio ◽  
Hira Waseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
The Right ◽  
Serum Tsh

Objectives: To determine the effect of serum TSH on thyroid dimensions of each lobe and to measure the amount of effect of per unit increase in serum TSH on thyroid dimensions of each lobe in euthyroids. Study Design: It was a cross-sectional study. Setting: The study was conducted at Ziauddin University Hospital, Clifton, Karachi. Methodology: Healthy participants aged 21 years and above were included through convenient sampling. Serum Thyroid stimulating hormone was evaluated and ultrasound of thyroid gland TG of 192 euthyroid participants was performed. Spearman correlation and regression analysis was applied to evaluate the relationship between TSH and TG dimensions Results: Relationship of increase in serum TSH with decrease in light lobe AP dimension was most significant. (r= -0.142 P-Value=0.001) and CC dimension least significant (r= -0.0098 P-Value=0.001). Where as in the left lobe AP dimension decreases significantly with increase serum TSH (r= -0.147 P-value=0.001). 11.7% of total variation in AP dimension, 3.5% of total variation in ML dimension and 6.5% of total variation in CC dimension in right lobe thyroid are because of serum TSH. While 9.5% of the total variation in AP dimension in left lobe is also due to serum TSH. Conclusion: Negative and significant correlation between serum TSH and thyroid dimensions was observed. Serum TSH inversely and significantly affects all the dimensions of the right lobe and only one dimension in the left lobe

scholarly journals Is stress an important co morbid factor for hypertension among legal professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1899
Author(s):  
L. Kannan ◽  
Praveena P.
Keyword(s):  
High Stress ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
District Court ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Stress is a mental, physical and emotional response to life demands. Long hours of work, client demands, changing laws- creates stress and eventually hypertension among advocates. Well-being of the advocates are being questioned. Hence the main objective of the study is to evaluate the relationship between stress and hypertension among practising advocates.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 practising advocates at Madurai district court for a period of 1 year by simple random sampling method.Results: Around 133 (44.33%) and 167 (55.66%) of study participants were in level of high stress and low stress respectively. Among high stressed participants, a majority of 113 (84.96%) were found to be hypertensives and among the low stressed participants only 10 (5.98%) were hypertensives. The difference of observation was found to be statistically significant (p=0.0000).Conclusions: In conclusion the study explains that practising advocates with high perceived stress 113 (84.96%) were found to be hypertensives. Stress has a significant association with hypertension. The right way to manage stress is to implement coping strategies.

scholarly journals Medicine Facing Death: Attitudes Toward Physician-Assisted End of Life – A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Dopelt ◽  
Dganit Cohen ◽  
Einat Amar-Krispel ◽  
Davidovitch ◽  
Paul Barach
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Assistance In Dying ◽  
Empathic Communication ◽  
Wish To Die ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: The demand for medical assistance in dying remains high and controversial. The "Dying Patient Act" (2005) legalized requiring Israeli patients to receive medical guidance regarding the care (or non-treatment) they seek at the end of life. Many doctors have made it clear that helping a patient die is opposed by their values and professional goals.Objective: To explore the attitudes of physicians regarding euthanasia and examine the factors that related to these attitudes.Methods: We conducted a cross sectional prospective study in Israel, during January-February 2019. We used logistic regression analyses to describe the association of demographic and professional factors with attitudes toward physician-assisted end of life.Results: We surveyed 135 physicians working at a tertiary-care-hospital about their attitudes regarding euthanasia. About 61% agreed that a person has the right to decide whether to expedite their own death, 54% agreed that euthanasia should be allowed, while 29% thought that physicians should preserve a patient's life even if they expressed the wish to die. Conclusion: The data shows a conflict of values: the sacredness of human life versus the desire to alleviate patient's suffering. Coronavirus outbreak reinforces the urgency of our findings and raises the importance of supporting physicians' efforts to provide ethical, and empathic communication for terminally ill patients. Future studies should aim to improve our understanding and treatment of the specific types of suffering that lead to end-of-life requests.

scholarly journals The Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Hospitalized Patients' Families in the Effort to Prevent COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anies Dewi Wirati Indraswari ◽  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has also hit Indonesia. Until September 2020, cases continued to increase with the highest number in Jakarta. The right behavior needs to be followed to prevent COVID-19; this aspect has a strong relationship with knowledge and attitude. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of hospitalized patients' families in Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, in an effort to prevent COVID-19. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 respondents using a self-administered questionnaire to assess their knowledge, attitude, and behavior about COVID-19. The relationship between knowledge, attitude, and behavior was analyzed using the chi-square test with p < 0.05. Results Most of the participants responded to the questionnaire showing a good knowledge, attitude, and behavior related to the efforts to prevent COVID-19. No relationship was present between knowledge, attitude, and behavior in an effort to prevent COVID-19 (p = 0.414 and p = 0.165). Conclusion The hospitalized patients' families exhibited an adequate level of knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19.

scholarly journals The problem of mismatches between CT scan and DXA results

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
A. E. Bokov ◽  
S. G. Mlyavykh ◽  
A. A. Bulkin ◽  
A. Y. Aleynik ◽  
M. V. Rasteryeva
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Facet Joints ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Property Assessment ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
Vertebra Body

Background. It is reported that radiodensity measured in Hounsfield units becomes more and more popular in bone property assessment, however also mismatch with DXA results is observed.Purpose. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationships between the results of DXA and CT with a focus on explanations for observed discrepancies.Material and methods. This is a cross-sectional study; forty patients were enrolled, all patients underwent DXA and CT. A bone mineral density BMD (g/cm2 ) was calculated for each vertebra of a lumbar spine (L1-L4 inclusive), neck, upper neck, shaft, Wards triangle and trochanter of hip. Bone radiodensity in HU was taken from each vertebral body in the sagittal, axial and coronal planes. A total vertebra body radiodensity including cortical bone and radiodensity of only cancellous bone were calculated. To assess a potential impact on DXA and CT data agreement a mean radiodensity and square of the right and left vertebral pedicles and facet joints were measured for each vertebra.Results. A strong correlation between BMD measured using DXA and CT data was estimated with a multiply r accounting for 0,84169, p<0,0001, however the most contributing parameters were those calculated for facet joints. It has been detected that both radiodensity of only a cancellous bone and total have a weak correlation with matching BMD measurements of a proximal femur.Conclusion. The results of DXA could be strongly influenced by hypertrophic changes of facet joints. Both CT and DXA measurements taken from a lumbar spine may have a mismatch with figures taken from hip. 

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