APPLICATION OF NEW GENERATION HERBICIDES WHEN CULTIVATING MAIZE IN THE PIEDMONT ZONE OF RSO – ALANIA
The article discusses the results of studying the effectiveness of using new generation herbicides: both applied before the emergence of corn seedlings ("Merlin" (150 g/ha); "Cassius" (50 g/ha)), and by seedlings ("Elumis" (1.0–2.0 l/ha)) – on crops of three maize hybrids. The studies were carried out in 2017–2019. The objects of research were maize hybrids of various early ripening (originator Kabardino-Balkaria Research Institute of Agriculture) – Kabardinskaya 3812 (late ripening), Camilla SV (mid-late), and white grain food corn Bella 451 (cultivated not only for obtaining varietal seeds, fodder, but also to meet the food needs of the indigenous population). Flour and cereals from white grain corn are used in most ethnic cuisines of the North Caucasus. In this regard, it is very important to put into production, along with the yellow grain forms used for fodder, highly productive varieties and hybrids of white grain corn for food purposes. The variety is medium late and food grade. The purpose of the research was to establish the level of harmfulness of weeds and their death rate at different periods of their introduction, as well as to determine their effect on the growth, development and yield of corn grain. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in the conditions of the foothill zone of the Republic of North OssetiaAlania, studies have been carried out to establish the optimal terms and methods of applying herbicides in the fight against weeds when cultivating new highly productive corn hybrids. As a result of the studies, it was found that the treatment of the soil with the herbicide "Elumis" was more effective in comparison with the control option. At the same time, the grain yield was: for the Kabardinskaya 3812 hybrid 8.7 t/ha – on an unfertilized background, 12 t/ha – on a fertilized one; for the hybrid Camilla SV – 8.5 t/ha on an unfertilized background, 11.7 t/ha – on a fertilized one; the Bella 451 hybrid has 7.0 t/ha – on an unfertilized background, – 9.9 t/ha – on a fertilized one. The responsiveness of the Kabardinskaya 3812 hybrid to the application of herbicides was more effective than that of other studied hybrids.