scholarly journals Diversity of Tree Species in the District Science Centre Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
pp. 218-227
Author(s):  
P V Priya ◽  
G S Rekha ◽  
A Saravana Ganthi
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tree Population ◽  
Science Centre ◽  
Green Campus

District Science Centre campus is not only a green lung for Tirunelveli City, but also aimed to create awareness about the biodiversity among the public. District Science Centre is committed towards developing a green campus, and established a Garden in achieving the commitment. It is the centre for higher learning, being both recreational and educative role; it will continually host a human population consisting of students and common public. The present study focused on tree diversity and their abundance in District Science Centre, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. An extensive floristic survey was conducted in 2019. The results of tree diversity in District Science Centre campus showed 80 tree species. Among 80 species confined in 34 families and 68 genera, Polyalthia longofolia was the most dominant and frequent species in the study area. A total of 75 tree species represented by dicot and belong to 63 genera and 32 families were recorded. Out of the identified species, 5 tree species are monocot and belongs to 5 genera and 2 families. In the present study 14 families reported with only one species, 13 families represented by more than 2 species. During the study several anthropogenic activities exploited the tree population in the campus. Still Campus area is was still quite barren, so the entire campus should be lush greenery by new initiative on garden development.

Street Tree Diversity in Massachusetts, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
F.D. Cowett ◽  
Nina Bassuk
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Asian Longhorned Beetle ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
Tree Population ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
Street Tree ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
Considerable Work

Pests, disease, and climate change pose major challenges to street tree survival, and diversity in tree species and genera is widely considered to promote the sustainability of municipal street tree populations. Conversely, the lack of sufficient diversity in street tree population was judged a contributing factor in the death and removal of thousands of street trees in Worcester, Massachusetts, that state’s second most populous city, due to an infestation of the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB, Anoplophora glabripennis). Therefore, reducing the dominance of prevalent street tree species and genera and increasing tree species and genera diversity are considered vital to sustainable street tree management and to the preservation of the ecosystem services and social benefits that street trees provide. This paper assesses street tree diversity in Massachusetts by analyzing a nonrandom sample of collated municipal street tree inventory data stratified by plant hardiness zones. Consistent with results previously found for Connecticut, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania, results in Massachusetts indicate that a relatively small number of species and genera dominate the composition of most municipal street tree populations, including in particular Acer spp. (maple), one of the ALB’s favorite host genera. There is accordingly a need for greater species and genus diversity in municipal street tree populations statewide. While there may be a trend towards increased street tree diversity and reduction in the dominance of Acer spp., considerable work remains to be done.

scholarly journals Angiosperms, tree species in tropical forests of southern Eastern Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India

Check List ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingassamy Arul Pragasan ◽  
Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Effective Conservation

We provide a list of tree species enumerated from a total of 60 ha area sampled in the tropical forests of southern Eastern Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 272 tree species (Ā 30 cm girth at breast height) representing 181 genera and 62 families were recorded. Euphorbiaceae with 25 species was the most speciose family, followed by Moraceae (17 species), Rubiaceae (17), Rutaceae (14) and Lauraceae (12). At the generic level, Ficus dominated with 12 species, followed by Diospyros (9), Acacia (6), Terminalia (6) and Grewia (5). Anthropogenic activities such as hill cultivation, construction of dams, roads, buildings, etc. affect the already fragmented southern Eastern Ghats, and underline the need for effective conservation measures. 

scholarly journals Analysis of deposition of heavy metal dust on the leaves of few selected tree species in Kanchipuram town, Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019
Author(s):  
Sumathi Ramesh ◽  
Sriram Gopalsamy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Pongamia Glabra ◽  
Metal Dust

Biomonitoring of heavy metals is one of the economic methods to identify and improve the quality of air. The aim of this work was to identify the concentration of nine heavy metals viz. Fe, Pb, Cu, Zn, Al, Cd, As, Cr and Mn in the ambient air deposited on the leaves of five tree species such as Saraca asoca, Terminalia catappa, Syzygium cumini, Ficus religiosa and Pongamia glabra collected from six sites such as Pallavarmedu (Site I), CSI hospital (Site II), Moongilmandapam (Site III), Collectrate (Site IV), Near Cancer Institute (Site V) and VellaGate (Site VI) of the Kanchipuram town of TamilNadu State, in the months of February - March 2019. Even with some differences in the concentration of nine heavy metals on the species, few were identified with significant correlation, suggesting that these pollutants were emitted from similar sources. The deposition of iron (235.53mg/kg) and aluminium (157.91mg/kg) were higher on the leaves of S.asoca compared with other species. The metals such as Cu, Cd, As, Pb and Cr were nil and not detected on the leaves, but Pb concentration was high (185.79 mg/kg) only on P. glabra at Site 2 and Cr (2.37 mg/kg) was found on the leaves of S. asoca at Site 1. The heavy metal dust deposited on the leaf surface was probably due to vehicular emission and other anthropogenic activities. The analysis showed that all the selected tree species acted as a biomonitor and should be grown that may help to improve the air quality of the area.

scholarly journals Historical Assessments of Inorganic Pollutants in the Sinkhole Region of Winkler County, Texas, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7513
Author(s):  
Joshua Lozano ◽  
Joonghyeok Heo ◽  
Mijin Seo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The Public ◽  
West Texas ◽  
Contamination Levels

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the public water contamination levels of Winkler County, in West Texas. With water scarcity becoming more prevalent in arid climates like West Texas, it is important to ensure the water quality in these areas. The Dockum and Pecos Valley aquifers were analyzed for inorganic pollutants that could inhibit the water. The parameters such as copper, lead, arsenic, nitrate, chloride, and chromium level reports were provided from 1972 to 2018 to analyze and compare to other studies such as the ones conducted in the Midland/Odessa area. The results were compared to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) safety standards, and conclusions were made for the safety consumption of water within the county. We found that inorganic pollutants resulted mainly from the mobilization of the contaminant from anthropogenic activities such as chemical fertilizers, oil and gas developments. This research provides important information for inorganic pollutants in the sinkhole region of Winkler County and contributes to understanding the response to the aquifers. The significance of water quality in West Texas is now more important than ever to ensure that everyone has clean drinking water.

scholarly journals Geochemical and statistical evaluation of groundwater in the Thamirabarani river basin, south India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajendran Chellaiah ◽  
Basker ◽  
Hima Pravin ◽  
Suneel Kumar Joshi ◽  
Sneha Gautam
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
International Standards

Abstract In the present study, an attempt has been made to develop the dictate metrics using a multi-proxy approach, i.e., spatial-temporal analysis, statistical evaluation, and hydrogeochemical analysis for 45 water samples located in the Thamirabarani river basin in Tamil Nadu, India. In order to evaluate the aptness of developed metrics for agriculture and domestic needs, eleven years dataset was analyzed and compared with national and international standards. Monitoring and analysis results revealed that the concentration of calcium and chloride ion was on the higher side in all the selected locations. These higher values may be attributed to the regional point sources such as untreated water disposal and off-peak sources such as agriculture practices. The principal component analysis resulted in 84.2% of the total variance in the post-monsoon season dataset. The major analyzed cations and anions were observed in the following order: Na+> Ca2+> Mg2+> K+ and Cl−> HCO3−> SO42−> NO3−, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that the studied area's groundwater quality was significantly affected by the high salinity in the region, probably due to anthropogenic activities and unprotected river sites.

scholarly journals Thol tamil samugathil Palli Sol Keatal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (S-1) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Kalaiselvan P
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ancient Times

Different beliefs and practices are found in human life from birth to death. These beliefs are created by the people and are followed and protected by the mother’s community. Man has been living with nature since ancient times. Beliefs appeared in natural human life. Hope can be traced back to ancient Tamils and still prevails in Tamil Nadu today. The hope of seeing the omen in it is found all over the world. Proverbs show that people have faith in omens. Our ancestors wrote the book 'Gauli Shastri' because the lizard omen is very important in our society. The word lizard played a major role in Tamil life during the Sangam period. It is possible to know that people have lived by the benefit of the lizard. There is hope from the public that the sound of the lizard will predict what will happen next. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the lizard word that has been around for a long time in folklore.

scholarly journals MASS PATTERNS OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN TAMIL NADU

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (9(SE)) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Rajendran ◽  
Udaya Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Educational Service ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Education plays a vital role for economic development of any nation. It reduces social and economic disparities in society. This study explores the public and private higher educational institutions and literacy level of Tamil Nadu. The literacy rate indicates educational level of total population. Education makes and ushers knowledge economy of a country. The importance of educational service is forever growing in the public and private sectors. Education facilitates the acquisition of new technology, skills and knowledge that ultimately increases productivity in rural and urban areas of India. Public and Private partnership institutions play an important role in delivering educational service in the society and itsrole for delivering general and technical educationfor achieving economic development and its producing skill and knowledge of  human resource.

Roosting habits and habitats of the Indian Flying Fox Pteropus medius Temminck, 1825 in the northern districts of Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 19675-19688
Author(s):  
M. Pandian ◽  
S. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Colony Size ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Milvus Migrans ◽  
Black Kite ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flying Fox

This paper pertains to the study on roosting habits and habitats of the Indian Flying Fox Pteropus medius Temminck, 1825 in 12 villages of four northern districts—Vellore, Krishnagiri, Tiruvannamalai, and Viluppuram—of Tamil Nadu. Studies targeted roosting tree species, population status, diurnal-roosting behaviour, interactions with other animals, and probable threats to the species. A total of 22,365 individuals of the species were observed in 72 roosting colonies in 72 trees belonging to nine families, 11 genera, and 13 species. The tree species that harbored the greatest population of P. medius (n= 12,465) were those of Tamarindus indica L. (Fabaceae) (n= 39), followed by Ficus religiosa L. (Moraceae) (n= 3,960), Madhuca latifolia J.F. Macbr. (Sapotaceae) (n= 2,760), and Ficus benghalensis L. (Moraceae) (n= 1,620). One-Way ANOVA revealed that a significant relationship exists between  colony size and tree diameter at breast height (dbh), and their canopy size (p <0.05). However, no significant difference occurred between the colony size and tree height. The time taken for emergence of individuals of the colony from the canopy for foraging varied between 20 and 40 min after 1750 h in the evening. The species mostly roosted on trees proximal to human settlements, electrical power lines, and water bodies. Individuals of P. medius used various tree species in different areas in different geographical regions and did not maintain any consistency in roosting tree species selection. A majority of individuals (88.7 %; n= 887) were found roosting using both legs and a minority of P. medius (11.3 %; n= 113) were clinging to tree branches using one. Individuals of P. medius flew to nearby water bodies to quench thirst and cool their bodies. Mating was observed during day roost in 146 pairs including male-female fellatio in seven pairs. Smoke from shrines in sacred groves, pruning of branches for various cultural reasons, populations of House Crow Corvus splendens (Vieillot, 1817) (Corvidae), Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus (Desfontaines, 1789) and Black Kite Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783) (both Accipitridae) were key disturbances to roosting populations of P. medius.

“Literary Institutions are Founded and Endowed for the Common Good”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
The Common ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Civic Mindedness ◽  
Primary Mission

This chapter examines Bowdoin College, which was supported by district elites who worked to erect a regional center of higher learning to which they could send their sons rather than incur the cost of dispatching them south to other colleges. On the morning of Bowdoin's opening, appointed president Joseph McKeen pronounced the college's primary mission: “That the inhabitants of this district may have their own sons to fill the liberal professions among them, and particularly to instruct them in the principles and practice of our holy religion, is doubtless the object of this institution.” This conception of higher education's function in American society drew heavily on a social ethos of civic-mindedness that assigned priority to social responsibility over individuals' self indulgence. Characterized by the practice of civic virtue and a commitment to the public good, civic-mindedness provided social institutions, including those dedicated to higher learning, a source from which to derive their central aims.

scholarly journals An estimation of willingness to pay for secondary health care services in Tamil Nadu, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
K Ramu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Secondary Health Care ◽  
User Fee

The present study has estimated the willingness to pay (WTP) for secondary health care services (SHCS) in rural and urban environment of three districts in the state of Tamil Nadu during 2009-2011. Since the governments are struggling to mobilise additional financial        resources to provide essential health care services to the deprived population in the country, assessing the WTP for utilising the public health care services are realised as very important at this juncture. In realizing the importance of augmentation of resources, it has been decided to introduce contingent valuation method (CVM) for WTP of SHCS. A disproportionate systematic random sampling method has been adopted for the selection of 720 households; representing 240 respondents from each of the three districts represent 120 from rural and 120 from urban. A major portion (92%) of the surveyed respondents’ gender was male, literacy was high (90%) and they belonged to productive age group. They generally involve themselves in the farm and non - farm activities and avail employment. Their per capita income is Rs.17871, and it is lower than the India’s PCI. The SHCS are classified into 26 categories as per the guidelines provided by public health medical officers in the state of Tamil Nadu. The different health care services started with entry fee to dental problem. The 98.6 per cent of the total surveyed respondents are ready to pay for SHCS in a public hospital and the remaining 2.4 per cent of them are not willing to pay for the same. The range of WTP for 26 SHCS is Rs. 2 - 7000; the range of mean value is Rs. 6 - 5008 and the range of SD is 2 - 2854. Considering the view of majority of the respondents, this study prescribes to introduce the range of user fee for the identified major public health care services. Since the range is differed significantly, it is suggested to follow the minimum amount initially and in a phased manner, the policy makers may prescribe to enhance the user fee after assessing the ground realities and loopholes. The estimated R2 value for SHCS is 20 per cent, which indicates that the selected 12 independent variables have low influence on WTP for SHCS. The study reports that the other exogenous factors like intensity of disease, accessibility of services, quality, urgency, need and perception are the predominant determinants of WTP for SHCS. The present research contends that constitution of district level co-ordination committee for fixing and implementing user fee for SHCS. Introduction of nominal fee (user fee) for SHCS may be fixed for affordable population, free services for BPL population and it would improve the efficiency and equity of the public health care services for the marginalised population. Finally, it is of utmost importance for health professionals to follow ethics in their profession.

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