Awareness of cardiovascular diseases risk factors, attitude towards their health and sleep disorders among the 25–64 years old population in Russia/Siberia (WHO International «MONICA-psychosocial» program)

Objective: to establish associations of awareness and attitude towards cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) prevention in people with sleep disorders in an open population of Novosibirsk aged 25–64 years.Patients and methods. We carried out screening surveys of representative samples of the 25–64 years old population: in 2013–2016 – V screening (427 men, mean age– 34±0.4 years, response rate – 71%; 548 women, mean age– 35±0.4 years, response rate – 72%); in 2015–2018 – VI screening (275 men, mean age – 49±0.4 years, response rate – 72%; 390 women, mean age – 45±0.4 years, response rate – 75%) using the protocol of the WHO international program «MONICA-psychosocial». Jenkins sleep evaluation questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep disorders in the study population.Results and discussion. Participants with sleep disorders believed that they were «not entirely healthy» (men – 65.5%, χ2 =57.825, df=8, p<0.001 and women – 69.6%, χ2 =96.883, df=4, p<0.001); had health related complaints (men – 78.2%, χ2 =24.179, df=2, p<0.001 and women – 85.2%, χ2 =55.144, df=2, p<0.001), and clearly did not care enough about their health (men – 32.7%, χ2 =29.31, df=4, p<0.001 and women – 34.1%, χ2 =28.116, df=4, p<0.001). Men with sleep disorders more often assumed that they were more likely to get a serious illness within the next 5–10 years (χ2 =12.976, df=4, p<0.01). Participants with sleep disorders were confident that modern medicine can prevent (men – 10.9%, χ2 =19.079, df=2, p<0.001 and women – 13.3%, χ2 =21.944, df=2, p<0.01) and successfully treat (men – 3.6%, χ2 =24.142, df=8, p<0.01 and women – 3.7%, χ2 =15.538, df=8, p<0.05) only some heart diseases. Men and women with sleep disorders are more likely to seek medical attention in case of severe pain or discomfort in the heart area, but do not seek medical advice if this pain or unpleasant sensation is mild (men – 63.6%, χ2 =14.867, df=6, p<0.05 and women – 60%, χ2 =17.872, df=6, p<0.01). Among the participants with sleep disorders men more often believe that the doctor «knows more than me» (36.4%), and women (48.1%) chose an answer: «I will not necessarily agree with the opinion of the doctor after a general examination, until a thorough evaluation has been carried out by specialists» (χ2 =5.917, df=2, p<0.05). Women with sleep disorders were more likely to continue to work if they did not feel very well (54.1%, χ2 =12.455, df=4, p<0.05) or their body temperature rose (37.8%, χ2 =12.937, df=4, p<0.05).Conclusion. People with sleep disorders generally have a more negative attitude towards their health and are skeptical about the possibilities of modern medicine to prevent and treat CVDs, which is reflected in their attitude to work and preventive check-ups.

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Long-term trends in adherence to prevention in female population aged 25-44 years in Russia/Siberia

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.630 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

V Gafarov ◽

D Panov ◽

E Gromova ◽

I Gagulin ◽

A Gafarova

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Cardiovascular Prevention ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Behavioral Characteristics ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Family Status ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Female Population ◽

Open Population

Abstract Objective To determine the 23-year trends 1994-2016 yy of adherence towards cardiovascular diseases prevention, behavioral characteristics and awareness about the health in general female population aged 25-44 years in Russia / Siberia. Methods Under the third screening of the WHO program MONICA and sub-program ’MONICA-psychosocial’ (MOPSY) random representative sample of women aged 25-64 years (n = 870) were surveyed in Novosibirsk in 1994; 284 persons in group 25-44y. In 2016 within the framework of the screening studies covered by state task reg.# 01201282292 a random representative sample of women aged 25-44 years was examined in the same district of Novosibirsk (n = 540). Questionnaire MOPSY ‘Awareness and attitude towards the health’ was used to estimate adherence towards cardiovascular diseases prevention, behavioral characteristics and awareness about the health. Results The analysis showed there is a positive trend in self-rated health in female population aged 25-44 years. Despite this 50% of women rate their health negatively and 96% consider the existence of high chance to be ill with serious disease within next 5-10 years. Majority of women believed in the possibilities of modern medicine for the prevention of heart disease but there is extremely low level of healthcare utilization as prevention measure and it doesn’t exceed 10% in those women (p < 0.05). There is a growth of job stress levels and upward trends in family status changes over 23 years in an open population of women aged 25-44 years. Some changes in behavioral status were found over 1994-2016 yy: increased share of people quit smoking and doing regular physical exercises, improved diet behavior. Conclusions We showed a positive trend in CVD risk factors prevention in women 25-44y. In spite of this, half of the women negatively evaluate their health and using of healthcare resources is deficient. There are adverse changes in the social gradient over the follow-up period. Key messages The purpose of this survey was to study the trends in awareness and attitudes towards cardiovascular prevention over 28 years (from 1988 to 2016) in an open female population of 25-44 years old. The purpose of this survey was to study the trends in awareness and attitudes towards cardiovascular prevention over 28 years (from 1988 to 2016) in an open female population of 25-44 years old.

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Emerging Role of Epigenetics in Explaining Relationship of Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases

Diseases ◽

10.3390/diseases9030048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Syed Ameer Hamza ◽

Saba Asif ◽

Zohaib Khurshid ◽

Muhammad Sohail Zafar ◽

Syed Akhtar Hussain Bokhari

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Protein Translation ◽

Epigenetic Modifications ◽

Human Diseases ◽

Low Grade ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Mirna Regulation

Cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart diseases or stroke are among the leading cause of deaths globally, and evidence suggests that these diseases are modulated by a multifactorial and complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Genetic predisposition and chronic exposure to modifiable risk factors have been explored to be involved in the pathophysiology of CVD. Environmental factors contribute to an individual’s propensity to develop major cardiovascular risk factors through epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones via miRNA regulation of protein translation that are types of epigenetic mechanisms and participate in disease development. Periodontal disease (PD) is one of the most common oral diseases in humans that is characterized by low-grade inflammation and has been shown to increase the risk of CVDs. Risk factors involved in PD and CVD are determined both genetically and behaviorally. Periodontal diseases such as chronic inflammation promote DNA methylation. Epigenetic modifications involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis play an essential role in plaque development and vulnerability. Epigenetics has opened a new world to understand and manage human diseases, including CVDs and periodontal diseases. Genetic medicine has started a new era of epigenetics to overcome human diseases with various new methodology. Epigenetic profiling may aid in better diagnosis and stratification of patients showing potential predisposed states for disease. A better understanding of the exact regulatory mechanisms of epigenetic pathways driving inflammation is slowly emerging and will aid in developing novel tools for the treatment of disease.

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Role of Selected miRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases, Including Coronary Artery Disease, Myocardial Infarction and Atherosclerosis

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease ◽

10.3390/jcdd8020022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Rashid Mir ◽

Imadeldin Elfaki ◽

Naina Khullar ◽

Ajaz Ahmad Waza ◽

Chandan Jha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Cardiac Dysfunction ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Prognostic Biomarkers ◽

Apoptotic Bodies ◽

Artery Disease

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide in different cohorts. It is well known that miRNAs have a crucial role in regulating the development of cardiovascular physiology, thus impacting the pathophysiology of heart diseases. MiRNAs also have been reported to be associated with cardiac reactions, leading to myocardial infarction (MCI) and ultimately heart failure (HF). To prevent these heart diseases, proper and timely diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction is pivotal. Though there are many symptoms associated with an irregular heart condition and though there are some biomarkers available that may indicate heart disease, authentic, specific and sensitive markers are the need of the hour. In recent times, miRNAs have proven to be promising candidates in this regard. They are potent biomarkers as they can be easily detected in body fluids (blood, urine, etc.) due to their remarkable stability and presence in apoptotic bodies and exosomes. Existing studies suggest the role of miRNAs as valuable biomarkers. A single biomarker may be insufficient to diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI); thus, a combination of different miRNAs may prove fruitful. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the role of circulating miRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI) and atherosclerosis.

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Glutathione Participation in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10081220 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1220

Author(s):

Deyamira Matuz-Mares ◽

Héctor Riveros-Rosas ◽

María Magdalena Vilchis-Landeros ◽

Héctor Vázquez-Meza

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Superoxide Anion ◽

Reactive Nitrogen Species ◽

Hypochlorous Acid ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Reactive Species ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Cardiovascular Pathologies

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (such as occlusion of the coronary arteries, hypertensive heart diseases and strokes) are diseases that generate thousands of patients with a high mortality rate worldwide. Many of these cardiovascular pathologies, during their development, generate a state of oxidative stress that leads to a deterioration in the patient’s conditions associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Within these reactive species we find superoxide anion (O2•–), hydroxyl radical (•OH), nitric oxide (NO•), as well as other species of non-free radicals such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hypochlorous acid (HClO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO–). A molecule that actively participates in counteracting the oxidizing effect of reactive species is reduced glutathione (GSH), a tripeptide that is present in all tissues and that its synthesis and/or regeneration is very important to be able to respond to the increase in oxidizing agents. In this review, we will address the role of glutathione, its synthesis in both the heart and the liver, and its importance in preventing or reducing deleterious ROS effects in cardiovascular diseases.

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Effects of sleep disorders and sedative–hypnotic medications on health-related quality of life in dialysis patients

International Urology and Nephrology ◽

10.1007/s11255-018-2018-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 163-174

Author(s):

Chenfei Zheng ◽

Jinglin Xu ◽

Chaosheng Chen ◽

Fan Lin ◽

Rongrong Shao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

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A Medical Hardware-Software System for Remote Monitoring of Heart Diseases

Journal of the Russian Universities Radioelectronics ◽

10.32603/1993-8985-2021-24-2-78-86 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 78-86

Author(s):

T. M. Magrupov ◽

Z. M. Yuldashev ◽

S. P. Abdihalikov

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Remote Monitoring ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

The State ◽

Psychological State ◽

Health State ◽

Software System ◽

Cardiovascular Parameters ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Biological Objects

Introduction. Wireless diagnostics of patients’ functional state is important for ensuring timely detection and treatment of diseases. In this article, the development of a medical hardware-software system for remote monitoring of the state of biological objects is considered on the example of cardiovascular diseases.Aim. To develop a medical hardware-software system for remote monitoring of the main cardiovascular parameters and to expand the scope of medical remote telemetry equipment, which can eventually lead to improved medical services.Materials and methods. On the example of cardiovascular diseases, an analysis of the existing medical hardwaresoftware system for remote monitoring of the state of biological objects was carried out, taking into account the cardiac monitoring of the electrocardiogram. This method is widely used for in the diagnostics and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Results. A method was proposed for creating a hardware-software system for remote monitoring of the main cardiovascular parameters to ensure timely detection and treatment of diseases. The general structure of such a system, including its advantages and disadvantages and the routing of information, is described. The proposed technology of prolonged remote monitoring of the patient's health state makes it possible to increase the efficiency of detecting dangerous heartbeat arrhythmia by about 30%.Conclusions. The proposed system solves the problem of registering biological parameters without significant interference in the patient’s vital activity, which allows typical conditions to be traced. Remote data collection also facilitates the load on medical personnel, reduces the number of contacts with patients and improves their psychological state.

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Non-invasive Autonomic Neuromodulation Is Opening New Landscapes for Cardiovascular Diseases

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2020.550578 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Mingxian Chen ◽

Songyun Wang ◽

Xuping Li ◽

Lilei Yu ◽

Hui Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Vagus Nerve ◽

Nerve Stimulation ◽

Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Bipolar Electrode ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Emerging Therapies

Autonomic imbalance plays a crucial role in the genesis and maintenance of cardiac disorders. Approaches to maintain sympatho-vagal balance in heart diseases have gained great interest in recent years. Emerging therapies However, certain types of emerging therapies including direct electrical stimulation and nerve denervation require invasive implantation of a generator and a bipolar electrode subcutaneously or result in autonomic nervous system (ANS) damage, inevitably increasing the risk of complications. More recently, non-invasive neuromodulation approaches have received great interest in ANS modulation. Non-invasive approaches have opened new fields in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we will review the protective roles of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques in heart diseases, including transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation, electromagnetic field stimulation, ultrasound stimulation, autonomic modulation in optogenetics, and light-emitting diode and transcutaneous cervical vagus nerve stimulation (gammaCore).

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Effect of Opium Consumption on Cardiovascular Diseases – A cross- sectional study based on data of Rafsanjan cohort study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-60126/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Parvin Khalili ◽

Fatemeh Ayoobi ◽

Maryam Mohamadi ◽

Ahmad Jamalizadeh ◽

Carlo La Vecchia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Baseline Phase ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Differences Of Opinion ◽

Opium Use

Abstract Background: There are differences of opinion about the beneficial or detrimental effects of opium consumption on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). So, we aimed to study the association between opium use and CVDs. Methods: We used data obtained from the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS), as a part of the prospective epidemiological research studies in IrAN (PERSIAN), with detailed, validated data on opium consumption and some other exposures. A total of 10,000 adults were enrolled in the study. Logistic regression models were used to assess the possible relationships of opium consumption with the prevalence of ischemic heart diseases (IHD) and myocardial infarction (MI). Results: In this study, 9990 participants in the baseline phase of the Rafsanjan adult cohort study were included according to their completed questionnaire. Among all participants, 870 and 296 individuals were found to suffer from IHD and MI, respectively. Opium consumption was found to be relatively high in the RCS participants, especially in men (men= 2150 and women= 228). Opium use was associated with a higher odds of IHD and MI, with the adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of 1.51 (1.22-1.86) and 1.79 (1.31-2.45), respectively. Also, dose-response increases were observed with the highest odds ratios in the 4th quartile for MI and IHD (p-values for trend < 0.001). Increased odds were observed for the two main methods of opium consumption, i.e. oral and smoking, but oral administration had higher odds ratio.Conclusions: Opium consumption is associated with the increased odds of both IHD and MI diseases.

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Cardiovascular Disease Prediction using Data Mining Techniques

Oriental journal of computer science and technology ◽

10.13005/ojcst/10.02.38 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 520-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mudasir Kirmani

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

High Risk ◽

Learning Algorithm ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Circulatory System ◽

World Health ◽

Support Vector ◽

Predictive Tool

Cardiovascular disease represents various diseases associated with heart, lymphatic system and circulatory system of human body. World Health Organisation (WHO) has reported that cardiovascular diseases have high mortality rate and high risk to cause various disabilities. Most prevalent causes for cardiovascular diseases are behavioural and food habits like tobacco intake, unhealthy diet and obesity, physical inactivity, ageing and addiction to drugs and alcohol are to name few. Factors such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, Stress and other ailments are at high risk to cardiovascular diseases. There have been different techniques to predict the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in general and heart disease in particular from time to time by implementing variety of algorithms. Detection and management of cardiovascular diseases can be achieved by using computer based predictive tool in data mining. By implementing data mining based techniques there is scope for better and reliable prediction and diagnosis of heart diseases. In this study we studied various available techniques like decision Tree and its variants, Naive Bayes, Neural Networks, Support Vector Machine, Fuzzy Rules, Genetic Algorithms, and Ant Colony Optimization to name few. The observations illustrated that it is difficult to name a single machine learning algorithm for the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD. The study further contemplates on the behaviour, selection and number of factors required for efficient prediction.

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Do Neurotrophins Connect Neurological Disorders and Heart Diseases?

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11111730 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1730

Author(s):

Masashi Fujitani ◽

Yoshinori Otani ◽

Hisao Miyajima

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Cardiac Dysfunction ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Direct Evidence ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Cns Disorders ◽

New Treatment ◽

Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Neurotrophins (NTs) are one of the most characterized neurotrophic factor family members and consist of four members in mammals. Growing evidence suggests that there is a complex inter- and bi-directional relationship between central nervous system (CNS) disorders and cardiac dysfunction, so-called “brain–heart axis”. Recent studies suggest that CNS disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and depression, affect cardiovascular function via various mechanisms, such as hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis augmentation. Although this brain–heart axis has been well studied in humans and mice, the involvement of NT signaling in the axis has not been fully investigated. In the first half of this review, we emphasize the importance of NTs not only in the nervous system, but also in the cardiovascular system from the embryonic stage to the adult state. In the second half, we discuss the involvement of NTs in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, and then examine whether an alteration in NTs could serve as the mediator between neurological disorders and heart dysfunction. The further investigation we propose herein could contribute to finding direct evidence for the involvement of NTs in the axis and new treatment for cardiovascular diseases.

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