Investigation on Process-Properties Relationship with Mechanical Properties of Lattice-Structured Cellular Material for Lightweight Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.17) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
N A. Rosli ◽  
R Hasan ◽  
W H. Ng ◽  
M K. Baharudin ◽  
M R. Alkahari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Lightweight Structure ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
Printing Machine ◽  
Operational Time

Lattice structures possess exceptional mechanical strength resulting in highly efficient load supporting systems. The lattice structure has been receiving interest in a variety of application areas and industries such as automotive, shipping and aeronautic. The metallic or polymer micro lattice structure can be categorized as lightweight and energy-absorbing structure. These characteristics are best applied to transportation part where the lightweight structure will help reduce its overall weight, thus increase the operational time since energy and cost consumption is a big concern in the industry these days. The aim of this study is to investigate relationship between process-properties and mechanical performance of polymer lattice structure. The lattice structure was designed by using SolidWorks software and fabricated using CubePro 3D printing machine. Compression test was performed by Instron 5585 universal testing machine to analyse the strength of the lattice structure. It was found that lattice structure manufactured with the setting of solid print strength, honeycomb print pattern, 70 µm layer thickness and strut diameter of 2.4 mm possesses the optimum mechanical property. 

Research on the Mechanical Performance of Magnesium Hydroxide Whiskers/Polymer Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 826 ◽  
pp. 228-232
Author(s):  
Yu Zhi Jiang ◽  
Zhong Yang Zhang ◽  
Li Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Sodium Stearate ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Mechanics Performance ◽  
Engineering Plastics

The modified and unmodified magnesium hydroxide whiskers (MH) were mixed with PE, PP, ABS matrix respectively. The mechanics performance of MH/polymer composites was tested by the universal testing machine. The effect of modified and unmodified MH whiskers addition on the performance of composite material mechanics was studied. The results show that the whiskers modified by sodium stearate had a significant mechanical improvement to the MH/PE, MH / PP and MH/ABS composites than unmodified whiskers. The content of modified MH whiskers added to PE, PP, ABS matrix materials are different when the best comprehensive mechanical properties are obtained, which are 20%20% and 40% respectively. Overall, the modified MH whiskers had a significant enhancement effect on the general plastics and engineering plastics.

scholarly journals Compressive Behaviour of Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures: A Review

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Solomon O. Obadimu ◽  
Kyriakos I. Kourousis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Compressive Behaviour ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties ◽  
And Performance

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has undergone an evolutionary process from fabricating test products and prototypes to fabricating end-user products—a major contributing factor to this is the continuing research and development in this area. AM offers the unique opportunity to fabricate complex structures with intricate geometry such as the lattice structures. These structures are made up of struts, unit cells, and nodes, and are being used not only in the aerospace industry, but also in the sports technology industry, owing to their superior mechanical properties and performance. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the mechanical properties and performance of both metallic and non-metallic lattice structures, focusing on compressive behaviour. In particular, optimisation techniques utilised to optimise their mechanical performance are examined, as well the primary factors influencing mechanical properties of lattices, and their failure mechanisms/modes. Important AM limitations regarding lattice structure fabrication are identified from this review, while the paucity of literature regarding material extruded metal-based lattice structures is discussed.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of the Composite Material consisting of β-TCP and Alginate-Di-Aldehyde-Gelatin Hydrogel and Its Degradation Behavior

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1303
Author(s):  
Michael Seidenstuecker ◽  
Thomas Schmeichel ◽  
Lucas Ritschl ◽  
Johannes Vinke ◽  
Pia Schilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Failure Load ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Flow Chamber ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Gelatin Hydrogel ◽  
Universal Testing

This work aimed to determine the influence of two hydrogels (alginate, alginate-di-aldehyde (ADA)/gelatin) on the mechanical strength of microporous ceramics, which have been loaded with these hydrogels. For this purpose, the compressive strength was determined using a Zwick Z005 universal testing machine. In addition, the degradation behavior according to ISO EN 10993-14 in TRIS buffer pH 5.0 and pH 7.4 over 60 days was determined, and its effects on the compressive strength were investigated. The loading was carried out by means of a flow-chamber. The weight of the samples (manufacturer: Robert Mathys Foundation (RMS) and Curasan) in TRIS solutions pH 5 and pH 7 increased within 4 h (mean 48 ± 32 mg) and then remained constant over the experimental period of 60 days. The determination surface roughness showed a decrease in the value for the ceramics incubated in TRIS compared to the untreated ceramics. In addition, an increase in protein concentration in solution was determined for ADA gelatin-loaded ceramics. The macroporous Curasan ceramic exhibited a maximum failure load of 29 ± 9.0 N, whereas the value for the microporous RMS ceramic was 931 ± 223 N. Filling the RMS ceramic with ADA gelatin increased the maximum failure load to 1114 ± 300 N. The Curasan ceramics were too fragile for loading. The maximum failure load decreased for the RMS ceramics to 686.55 ± 170 N by incubation in TRIS pH 7.4 and 651 ± 287 N at pH 5.0.

A Proof of Concept Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Lattice Structures Used to Design a Shoulder Hemi-Prosthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinela Peto ◽  
Oscar Aguilar-Rosas ◽  
Erick Erick Ramirez-Cedillo ◽  
Moises Jimenez ◽  
Adriana Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Hexagonal Prism ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Proof Of Concept

Abstract Lattice structures offer great benefits when employed in medical implants for cell attachment and growth (osseointegration), minimization of stress shielding phenomena, and weight reduction. This study is focused on a proof of concept for developing a generic shoulder hemi-prosthesis, from a patient-specific case of a 46 years old male with a tumor on the upper part of his humerus. A personalized biomodel was designed and a lattice structure was integrated in its middle portion, to lighten weight without affecting humerus’ mechanical response. To select the most appropriate lattice structure, three different configurations were initially tested: Tetrahedral Vertex Centroid (TVC), Hexagonal Prism Vertex Centroid (HPVC), and Cubic Diamond (CD). They were fabricated in resin by digital light processing and its mechanical behavior was studied via compression testing and finite element modeling (FEM). The selected structure according to the results was the HPVC, which was integrated in a digital twin of the biomodel to validate its mechanical performance through FEM but substituting the bone material model with a biocompatible titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) suitable for prostheses fabrication. Results of the simulation showed acceptable levels of Von Mises stresses (325 MPa max.), below the elastic limit of the titanium alloys, and a better response (52 MPa max.) in a model with equivalent elastic properties, with stress performance in the same order of magnitude than the showed in bone’s material model.

scholarly journals Dynamic Loading of Lattice Structure Made by Selective Laser Melting-Numerical Model with Substitution of Geometrical Imperfections

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radek Vrána ◽  
Ondřej Červinek ◽  
Pavel Maňas ◽  
Daniel Koutný ◽  
David Paloušek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Geometrical Imperfections

Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive technology that allows for the production of precisely designed complex structures for energy absorbing applications from a wide range of metallic materials. Geometrical imperfections of the SLM fabricated lattice structures, which form one of the many thin struts, can lead to a great difference in prediction of their behavior. This article deals with the prediction of lattice structure mechanical properties under dynamic loading using finite element method (FEA) with inclusion of geometrical imperfections of the SLM process. Such properties are necessary to know especially for the application of SLM fabricated lattice structures in automotive or aerospace industries. Four types of specimens from AlSi10Mg alloy powder material were manufactured using SLM for quasi-static mechanical testing and determination of lattice structure mechanical properties for the FEA material model, for optical measurement of geometrical accuracy, and for low-velocity impact testing using the impact tester with a flat indenter. Geometries of struts with elliptical and circular cross-sections were identified and tested using FEA. The results showed that, in the case of elliptical cross-section, a significantly better match was found (2% error in the Fmax) with the low-velocity impact experiments during the whole deformation process compared to the circular cross-section. The FEA numerical model will be used for future testing of geometry changes and its effect on mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Electron Beam Melting of Ti-6Al-4V Lattice Structures; Correlation between Post Heat Treatment and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Del Guercio ◽  
Manuela Galati ◽  
Abdollah Saboori
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Aided Design

Abstract Additive Manufacturing processes are considered advanced manufacturing methods. It would be possible to produce complex shape components from a Computer-Aided Design model in a layer-by-layer manner. Lattice structures as one of the complex geometries could attract lots of attention for both medical and industrial applications. In these structures, besides cell size and cell type, the microstructure of lattice structures can play a key role in these structures' mechanical performance. On the other hand, heat treatment has a significant influence on the mechanical properties of the material. Therefore, in this work, the effect of the heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures manufactured by EBM was analyzed. The main mechanical properties were compared with the Ashby and Gibson model. It is very interesting to notice that a more homogeneous failure mode was found for the heat-treated samples. The structures' relative density was the main factor influencing their mechanical performance of the heat-treated samples. It is also found that the heat treatments were able to preserve the stiffness and the compressive strength of the lattice structures. Besides, an increment of both the elongation at failure and the absorbed energy was obtained after the heat treatments. Microstructure analysis of the heat-treated samples confirms the increment of ductility of the heat-treated samples with respect to the as-built one.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF STORAGE DURATION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BELLO EGGPLANT FRUIT UNDER QUASI COMPRESSION LOADING

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-320
Author(s):  
Umurhurhu Benjamin ◽  
Uguru Hilary
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Rupture Energy

The mechanical properties of eggplant fruit (cv. Bello) harvested at physiological maturity stage were evaluated in three storage periods (3d, 6d and 9d). These mechanical parameters (rupture force, rupture energy and deformation at rupture point) were measured under quasi compression loading, using the Universal Testing Machine (Testometric model). The fruit’s toughness and rupture power were calculated from the data obtained from the rupture energy and deformation at rupture point. Results obtained showed that mechanical properties of the Bello eggplant fruit exhibited strong dependence on the storage period. The results showed that as the Bello fruit stored longer, its rupture force and rupture energy decreased from 812 N to 411 N, and 5.58 Nm to 3.11 Nm respectively. While the rupture power decreased from 1.095 W to 0.353 W. On the contrary, the toughness and deformation at rupture increased from 0.270 mJ/mm3 to 0.403 mJ/mm3, and 16.99 mm to 25.22mm respectively during the 9 days storage period. The knowledge of the mechanical properties of fruits is important for their harvest and post-harvest operations, therefore, information obtained from this study will be useful in the design and development of machines for the mechanization of eggplant production.

Test of Physical Mechanical Properties of Gingko，Hickory Nut and their Stalks

2012 ◽  
Vol 479-481 ◽  
pp. 1145-1150
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Xu ◽  
Wen Bin Yao ◽  
Jiu Hua Xu ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Cutting Resistance ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physical Mechanics

In order to get the physical mechanics of gingko，hickory nut and their stalks, microprocessor controlled electronic universal testing machine (WDW-5E) was used to study the basic physical characteristics，pulling resistance and cutting resistance of their stalk in different harvest time and moisture contents. The impact of physical mechanics of cones and stalks on the picking process were analyzed and some concrete suggestions were put forward in the paper. This experimental study provides an important theory basis on designing and manufacturing different cones picking machine.

Studies on Friction and Mechanical Properties of High Density Polypropylene (HDPP) Filled with Modified Talc

2012 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
Feng Zhan ◽  
Nan Chun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
High Density ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Frictional Surface ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Scanning Electron

Talc was modified by aluminate coupling agent (ACA) before filling it into high density polypropylene (HDPP) to prepare talc/HDPP composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wear testing machine, electronic universal testing machine, and impact testing machine were used to analyze the surface modification and the effects of modified talc on friction and mechanical properties of modified talc/HDPP composites. The results indicate that after modified the lamellar structure of talc particles are open and the dispersion of particles are improved, and the edges and corners of surface become softer. Friction properties indicate that when the talc content is 8 wt%, both µ and K are at a lower value, which show that have better wear resistance. The frictional surface is relatively smooth and no furrow trace has found. Mechanical properties show that with talc content increasing, tensile strength and flexural strength of composites increase.

Effect of Sc on As-Cast Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Al-Si-Mg-Cu-Ti Alloys

2017 ◽  
Vol 732 ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming He Wang ◽  
Xiao Dong Du ◽  
Yu Kun Li ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Hai Lin Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Eutectic Si ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Equiaxed Grain

The as-cast microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Mg-Cu-Ti alloys with and without Sc were investigated by metallographic microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy spectrum analysis, transmission electron microscope and universal testing machine. The result shows that adding 0.20wt.% Sc into the casting alloy can refine the grain, change the growth morphology from dendrite to fine equiaxed grain, and the morphology of eutectic Si by rough laminar structure into fine fibrous. The tensile strength of alloy with 0.20wt.% Sc is up to 304.4 MPa after T6 heat treated, which is close to that of 6061 forging aluminum alloy.

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