scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterisation and biomedical applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 819-839
Author(s):  
Ahmad Almatroudi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Antitumour Agents ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Antibiofilm Agents ◽  
And Control

AbstractNanotechnology is a rapidly growing field due to its unique functionality and a wide range of applications. Nanomedicine explores the possibilities of applying the knowledge and tools of nanotechnology for the prevention, treatment, diagnosis and control of disease. In this regard, silver nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 1 to 100 nm are considered most important due to their unique properties, ability to form diverse nanostructures, their extraordinary range of bactericidal and anticancer properties, wound healing and other therapeutic abilities and their cost-effectiveness in production. The current paper reviews various types of physical, chemical and biological methods used in the production of silver nanoparticles. It also describes approaches employing silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents, as antitumour agents, in dentistry and dental implants, as promoters of bone healing, in cardiovascular implants and as promoters of wound healing. The paper also explores the mechanism of action, synthesis methods and morphological characterisation of silver nanoparticles to examine their role in medical treatments and disease management.

scholarly journals A nyugat-nílusi vírus okozta neuroinvazív tünetegyüttes előfordulása sürgősségi osztályon

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (51) ◽  
pp. 2026-2035
Author(s):  
Márton Koch ◽  
Katalin Tímea Török ◽  
Ferenc Nagy ◽  
Viktor Soós ◽  
Éva Pozsgai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neuroinvasive Disease ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Given

Abstract: Introduction: According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, the prevalence of neuroinvasive symptoms caused by the West Nile virus (WNV) has significantly increased in the past years throughout Europe, including Hungary. The rise may be attributed to changes in precipitation and climate. The WNV zoonosis is spread by mosquitoes. It is mostly asymptomatic, flu-like symptoms occur in 20% of the cases and in less than 1% a neuroinvasive disease with a lethal outcome may develop. Aim: Our aim was to demonstrate the neuroinvasive symptomatology and the diagnosis and treatment of WNV infections by describing our patient cases as well as to resolve differential diagnostic dilemmas. Method: We report the cases of 4 patients treated at the “Moritz Kaposi” Somogy County Hospital between the 31st July and 4th September, 2018, with WNV, whose diagnoses were confirmed by serological and molecular biological methods. An epidemiological overview of WNV infections was also given. Results: Four patients were confirmed to have had WNV infection in the given time period. A wide range of neurological symptoms were observed in each patient and death occurred in one case. The patients were elderly with a number of comorbidities. Conclusions: The appearance of more severe, neuroinvasive symptoms following WNV infections is also characteristic of Hungary. The treatment of the infection is supportive, including giving pain relievers and the management of secondary infections. It is important to consider the possibility of a WNV infection in the case of a neurological disease of unknown origin, particularly if the symptoms indicate encephalitis. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(51): 2026–2035.

scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from plant extracts: جسيمات الفضة متناهية الصغر من مستخلصات النبات

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiyah Saeed Al-Zahrani
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biological Sources ◽  
And Control

    Synthesis of silver nanoparticles have achieved a distinct focus with an emphasis on their biosynthesis using biological sources such as plants and microorganisms. since plant extracts provide best opportunity for improving green nanotechnology by creating a large array of nanoparticles with antimicrobial efficiency against a wide range of microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria and plant pathogenic fungi, numerous studies have discussed the deep inroad of antibacterial effect of AgNPs. While there is a lack of studies that advent AgNPs efficiency against toxigenic fungi and control mycotoxins that associated with fungal contamination of food products. This review aimed to summarize the biological synthesis of AgNPs from different natural sources focusing on using this approach as antifungal agent against the most important toxigenic fungi to resolve the mycotoxins evolving issues which influence human and animals’ lives.    

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Leaf Extracts of Boerhavia erecta and Spectral Characterization and Their Antimicrobial, Antioxidant ad Cytotoxic Studies on Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1165-1176
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Wide Range

The selection of silver metal for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a great choice as it exhibits a wide range of applications. Boerhavia Erecta is an extraordinary plant species thatis useful and unique because of its physical characteristics and genetic composition. The current study reported the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using B. Erecta leaf extract and spectral characterized and studied their properties to target ovarian cancer by antitumorigenic activity. Green synthesized Boerhavia Erecta silver nanoparticles (Be-AgNPs) exhibit the Surface Plasmon resonance phenomenon at 446 nm. The particle size of Be-AgNPs was found to be 15.9 ± 1 nm by particle size analyzer technique. The zeta potential of the biosynthesized Be-AgNPs found to be -36.9 mV, which is a high negative charge indicating its stability and polydispersed nature. The FT-IR results confirmed the presence of secondary metabolites and proteins around the green synthesized Be-AgNPs, which are responsible for the reduction and stability of the nanoparticles. The antioxidant study confirmed the high reflection of reduction property of oxygen free radicals, and the antibacterial activity showed moderate activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms when compared with standard antibiotics by disc diffusion assay. Anticancer studies reveal that the biosynthesized Be-AgNPs were very effective and cytotoxic to ovarian cancer PA-1 cell line at the concentration of 25 µg/ml confirmed by performing MTT assay. It is concluded that the eco-friendly biosynthesized Be-AgNPs show evidence of a high range of anticancer properties against ovarian cancer PA-1 cell lines, antioxidant and moderate antibacterial activity. Hence the biosynthesized Be-AgNPs can be good source antioxidants, and anticancer agent’s in future therapeutic applications.

PENGGUNAAN SELAPUT AMNION SEGAR PADA INSISI LUKA OPERASI SEKSIO SESAREA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Syahredi Syaiful Adnani ◽  
Hafni Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Wound Healing Time

In the last few decades, the incidence of caesarean section is increasing in the world, especially in Indonesia. One of the way to treat tissue scar is through biologic and synthetic dressing where nowadays, amnion has been used as biologic dressing frequently. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the use of fresh amniotic membrane on wound incision Caesarean section compared with Caesarean section incision wound covered using regular gauze bandages and fixated with plaster in RS. Dr. Reksodiwiryo Padang. The design of this study is an experimen-tal study with Post test design with control group design. Sampling was done using a formula consecutive sampling two different test samples obtained an average of 72 people for each group. The analysis used include univariate and bivariate analyzes. The average wound healing time the difference was statistically significant (p value <0.05) in the treatment and control groups. There was highly significant difference in the proportion of local infection on day 3 between the treatment and control groups (p value <0.05). There were very significant differences in the proportion of local allergic reactions at day 3, and 5 between the treatment and control group (p <0.05). There are significant differences in terms of the cost of care per day between treatment and control groups (p <0.05). From this study, the average wound healing time has a very significant difference.Keywords: Fresh Amniotic Membrane, Wound Cesarean Section, Wound Healing

THE SOME QUESTIONS OF AUTONOMOUS MOTION AND MANAGEMENT OF LAND-MOBILE ROBOTIC COMPLEXES FOR UKRAINIAN GROUND FORCESE

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
О. Кravchuk ◽  
V. Symonenkov ◽  
I. Symonenkova ◽  
O. Hryhorev
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Distributed Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Information Management Systems ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Principles And Standards ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Eu

Today, more than forty countries of the world are engaged in the development of military-purpose robots. A number of unique mobile robots with a wide range of capabilities are already being used by combat and intelligence units of the Armed forces of the developed world countries to conduct battlefield intelligence and support tactical groups. At present, the issue of using the latest information technology in the field of military robotics is thoroughly investigated, and the creation of highly effective information management systems in the land-mobile robotic complexes has acquired a new phase associated with the use of distributed information and sensory systems and consists in the transition from application of separate sensors and devices to the construction of modular information subsystems, which provide the availability of various data sources and complex methods of information processing. The purpose of the article is to investigate the ways to increase the autonomy of the land-mobile robotic complexes using in a non-deterministic conditions of modern combat. Relevance of researches is connected with the necessity of creation of highly effective information and control systems in the perspective robotic means for the needs of Land Forces of Ukraine. The development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine management system based on the criteria adopted by the EU and NATO member states is one of the main directions of increasing the effectiveness of the use of forces (forces), which involves achieving the principles and standards necessary for Ukraine to become a member of the EU and NATO. The inherent features of achieving these criteria will be the transition to a reduction of tasks of the combined-arms units and the large-scale use of high-precision weapons and land remote-controlled robotic devices. According to the views of the leading specialists in the field of robotics, the automation of information subsystems and components of the land-mobile robotic complexes can increase safety, reliability, error-tolerance and the effectiveness of the use of robotic means by standardizing the necessary actions with minimal human intervention, that is, a significant increase in the autonomy of the land-mobile robotic complexes for the needs of Land Forces of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Information and information resources in COVID-19: Awareness, control, and prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 096100062110165
Author(s):  
Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda ◽  
Fatemeh Ranjbaran ◽  
Asghar Sattari
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the role of information and information resources in the awareness, control, and prevention of COVID-19. This study was a descriptive-analytical survey in which 450 participants were selected for the study. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data through SPSS. The findings show that a wide range of mass media has become well known as information resources for COVID-19. Other findings indicate a significant statistical difference in the rate of using information resources during COVID-19 based on age and gender; however, this difference is not significant regarding the reliability of information resources with regard to age and gender. Health information has an undisputable role in the prevention and control of pandemic diseases such as COVID-19. Providing accurate, reliable, and evidence-based information in a timely manner for the use of resources and information channels related to COVID-19 can be a fast and low-cost strategic approach in confronting this disease.

scholarly journals Gold–Carbon Nanocomposites for Environmental Contaminant Sensing

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Shahrooz Rahmati ◽  
William Doherty ◽  
Arman Amani Babadi ◽  
Muhamad Syamim Akmal Che Mansor ◽  
Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
World Population ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Carbon Nanocomposites ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Control ◽  
Analytical Tools

The environmental crisis, due to the rapid growth of the world population and globalisation, is a serious concern of this century. Nanoscience and nanotechnology play an important role in addressing a wide range of environmental issues with innovative and successful solutions. Identification and control of emerging chemical contaminants have received substantial interest in recent years. As a result, there is a need for reliable and rapid analytical tools capable of performing sample analysis with high sensitivity, broad selectivity, desired stability, and minimal sample handling for the detection, degradation, and removal of hazardous contaminants. In this review, various gold–carbon nanocomposites-based sensors/biosensors that have been developed thus far are explored. The electrochemical platforms, synthesis, diverse applications, and effective monitoring of environmental pollutants are investigated comparatively.

Experiences of job demand and control: A study of first line managers in for-profit psychiatric and addiction care

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Linda Widar ◽  
Erika Wall ◽  
Sven Svensson
Keyword(s):  
First Line ◽  
Line Managers ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Organizational Position ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Line Manager ◽  
Addiction Care ◽  
And Control ◽  
Demand Control

BACKGROUND: The complex position of a first line manager is characterized by heavy workload and contradictory demands. Little is known about how first line managers experience demand and control in their work. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore experiences of demand and control among first line managers within psychiatric and addiction care. METHOD: In the present study, interviews with ten managers in for-profit psychiatric and addiction care in Sweden were analyzed with a phenomenographic approach. RESULTS: The managers experiences of demand and control implied varied and extensive responsibilities for a wide range of professions; regulation by organizational, economic, and political frameworks; creating balance in their work; and handling the emergence and consequences of acute crisis. These experiences of demand and control involved high and contradictory demands together with coexisting high and low levels of control. Many of their work characteristics could be described in terms of both demand and control. CONSLUSION: The first line managers experiences of demand and control are more complex than implied by the job demand control theory. Our results suggest that the organizational position and branch should be considered when identifying health hazards in the work environment of first line managers.

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