Removal of Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Medium Using Vigna radiata Leave Biomass: Equilibrium Isotherms, Kinetics and Thermodynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-690
Author(s):  
Khalida Naseem ◽  
Zahoor H. Farooqi ◽  
Robina Begum ◽  
Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman ◽  
Aiman Shahbaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract In the present study, a novel biosorbent Vigna radiata leaves biomass (L. biomass) was utilized for cadmium (II) extraction from aqueous medium. Cadmium (II) free and cadmium (II) loaded L. biomass was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Adsorption of cadmium (II) from aqueous medium was studied under various conditions such as adsorbent dose, agitation time, pH and temperature of the medium to optimize the process variables. Different models including Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich (DR) were used to elaborate the insight of adsorption process. Best interpretation of biosorption process was given by Langmuir model. Value of maximum adsorption capacity (qm) calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was found to be 13.44 mg/g. Results indicated the establishment of physical interaction between cadmium (II) ions and functional groups of L. biomass. Kinetic study for adsorption of cadmium (II) ions on L. biomass was done by applying pseudo first order, pseudo second order, elovich and intra-particles diffusion models. Biosorption process best followed the pseudo second order kinetics. Value of standard Gibbs energy (ΔG°) and standard enthalpy change (ΔH°) showed the feasibility, spontaneity and endothermic nature of adsorption process. Percentage removal efficiency of L. biomass for cadmium (II) was successfully maintained for four cycles. Biomass has a potential to be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of cadmium (II) from different polluted water samples.

scholarly journals Sequential adsorptive removal of phosphate, nitrate and chromate from polluted water using active carbon derived from stems of Carissa carandas plant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondwosen Kebede Biftu ◽  
M. Suneetha ◽  
Kunta Ravindhranath
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Carissa Carandas ◽  
Phosphate Nitrate ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Sorption Mechanisms ◽  
Maximum Removal

Abstract Sulphuric acid-generated active carbon from stems of Carissa carandas plant is investigated successfully as an adsorbent for the sequential removal of phosphate, nitrate and chromate from polluted water. Controlling parameters are investigated and optimized for the maximum removal of the pollutants. At pH: 7, phosphate and nitrate can be simultaneously removed, while at pH: 2, chromate can be sequentially removed from the admixtures of the three pollutants. The active carbon is characterized using FTIR, FESEM and EDX. Sorption mechanisms are investigated using various adsorption isotherms and kinetic models. Thermodynamics parameters are evaluated. The data reveal the Langmuir isotherm model of adsorption, pseudo-second-order kinetics and spontaneity of sorption processes. Langmuir individual maximum adsorption capacity is: 72.75 mg/g for chromate; 63.40 mg/g for phosphate; and 49.15 mg/g for nitrate. The active carbon can be regenerated and reused. The method is used for the removal of all three pollutant ions from polluted water. The merit of this investigation is that an active carbon is identified with good adsorption capacities for the successful sequential removal of phosphate, nitrate and chromate ions from polluted water.

scholarly journals Treatment of effluent from fertilizer industry by adsorption on willow sawdust-removal of Ni(II) and Cd(II) from the effluent

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Raafia Najam ◽  
Syed Muzaffar Ali Andrabi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
The World ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Willow Tree

Sawdust of willow has been investigated as an adsorbent for the removal of Ni(II), and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution. Since willow tree is widely grown in almost all parts of Kashmir, it can be a common most easily available, sustainable, low cost adsorbent for the treatment of wastewaters in this part of the world where growing industrialization is affecting water quality like elsewhere in the world. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate the potential of sawdust of willow tree as an adsorbent for the removal of Ni(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution as a first step. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of some parameters such as contact time, initial concentration of metal ions, solution pH and temperature. Langmuir and Freundlich models were employed for the mechanistic analysis of experimental data obtained. Results reveal that in our system adsorption follows the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of Ni(II) and Cd(II) were found to be 7.98 and 7.11 mg/g respectively at optimum conditions. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models were employed for kinetic analysis of adsorption process. The adsorption process follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. The efficacy of the adsorbent in the treatment of effluent from fertilizer factory has been investigated and the results have been found encouraging.

scholarly journals Preparation of a novel Fe3O4/HCO composite adsorbent and the mechanism for the removal of antimony (III) from aqueous solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Ren-jian Deng ◽  
Bo-zhi Ren ◽  
Baolin Hou ◽  
Andrew Hursthouse
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Optical Polishing

Abstract A novel adsorbent (Fe3O4/HCO) was prepared via co-precipitation from a mix of ferriferrous oxide and a Ce-rich waste industrial sludge recovered from an optical polishing activity. The effect of system parameters including reaction time, pH, dose, temperature as well as initial concentration on the adsorption of Sb(III) were investigated by sequential batch tests. The Sb(III)/Fe3O4/HCO system quickly reached adsorption equilibrium within 2 h, was effective over a wide pH (3–7) and demonstrated excellent removal at a 60 mg/L Sb(III) concentration. Three isothermal adsorption models were assessed to describe the equilibrium data for Sb(III) with Fe3O4/HCO. Compared to the Freundlich and dubinin-radushkevich, the Langmuir isotherm model showed the best fit, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 22.853 mg/g, which exceeds many comparable absorbents. Four kinetic models, Pseudo-first-order, Pseudo-second-order, Elovich and Intra-particle, were used to fit the adsorption process. The analysis showed that the mechanism was pseudo-second-order and chemical adsorption played a dominant role in the adsorption of Sb(III) by Fe3O4/HCO (correlation coefficient R2 = 0.993). Thermodynamic calculations suggest that adsorption of Sb(III) ions was endothermic, spontaneous and a thermodynamically feasible process. The mechanism of the adsorption of Sb(III) on Fe3O4/HCO could be described by the synergistic adsorption of Sb (III) on Fe3O4, FeCe2O4 and hydrous ceric oxide. The Fe3O4/HCO sorbent appears to be an efficient and environment-friendly material for the removal of Sb(III) from wastewater.

scholarly journals KINETIC AND ISOTHERM STUDY OF CUPPER ADSORPTION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING WASTE EGGSHELL

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayben Polat ◽  
Sukru Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Isotherm Study ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The sorption of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions by eggshell was investigated in a batch experimental system with respect to the temperature, initial Cu2+ concentrations, pH, and biosorbent doses. The adsorption equilibrium was well described by the Langmuir isotherm model with the maximum adsorption capacity of 5.05 mg Cu2+/g eggshell at 25 °C. The value of qe increased with increasing the temperature while also increases the release of Ca2+ and HCO−3 ions from the eggshell. The highest sorption of Cu onto the waste eggshell was determined at the initial pH value of 4.0. The results confirming that the adsorption reaction of Cu2+ on the eggshell was thought to be endothermic. A comparison of the kinetic models such as pseudo first and second-order kinetics, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich on the sorption rate demonstrated that the system was best described by the pseudo second-order kinetic model.

scholarly journals Removal of Pb2+ in Wastewater via Adsorption onto an Activated Carbon Produced from Winemaking Waste

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Alguacil ◽  
Lorena Alcaraz ◽  
Irene García-Díaz ◽  
Félix López
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies

This work describes the adsorption of Pb2+ in aqueous solution onto an activated carbon (AC) produced from winemaking waste (cluster stalks). After characterizing the AC using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and micro-Raman spectroscopy, the influence of different physico-chemical factors (stirring rate, temperature, pH, adsorbent concentration, etc.) on its capacity to adsorb Pb2+ was examined. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption of the Pb2+ follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and fits the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the AC was 58 mg/g at 288 K temperature and pH of 4. In conclusion, ACs made from waste cluster stalks could be successfully used to remove Pb2+ from polluted water.

scholarly journals LDH Nanocubes Synthesized with Zeolite Templates and Their High Performance as Adsorbents

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3315
Author(s):  
Moftah Essa Elkartehi ◽  
Rehab Mahmoud ◽  
Nabila Shehata ◽  
Ahmed Farghali ◽  
Shimaa Gamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this work, the efficiency of the adsorptive removal of the organic cationic dye methylene blue (MB) from polluted water was examined using three materials: natural clay (zeolite), Zn-Fe layered double hydroxide (LDH), and zeolite/LDH composite. These materials were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) diffraction (XRF), low-temperature N2 adsorption, pore volume and average pore size distribution and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The properties of the applied nanomaterials regarding the adsorption of MB were investigated by determining various experimental parameters, such as the contact time, initial dye concentration, and solution pH. In addition, the adsorption isotherm model was estimated using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm models. The Langmuir model was the best-fitting for all applied nanomaterials. In addition, the kinetics were analyzed by using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models, and the pseudo-second-order model was an apparent fit for all three applied nanomaterials. The maximum Adsorption capacity toward MB obtained from the materials was in the order zeolite/LDH composite > zeolites > Zn-Fe LDH. Thus, the zeolite/LDH composite is an excellent adsorbent for the removal of MB from polluted water.

The Removal of Phosphate by Coal Gangue from Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 2005-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Juan Zhang ◽  
Hua Yong Zhang ◽  
Lu Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The feasibility of coal gangue as an adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater was investigated. The results showed that the equilibrium data were well fit to Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity calculated was 2.49 mg/g at 25°C. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second order model. And the practical waste water experiment indecated that the phosphate concentration of real sewage decreased from 0.625mg/L to 0.121mg/L. These results suggested that coal gangue can be used as an adsorbent to removal phosphate from wastewater.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of PMMA Polymer/Clay Nanocomposites for Removal of Dyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2589-2595
Author(s):  
E.J. Saravana Sundaram ◽  
P. Dharmalingam
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Amido Black 10B ◽  
Amido Black ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The adsorbent polymer/clay nanocomposites were prepared by in situ emulsion polymerization method. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, TGA and the surface morphology was analyzed using FE-SEM. The prepared polymer/clay nano-composite was used for the removal of malachite green and amido black 10B. The effects of initial pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration, contact time and thermodynamic studies on the malachite green and amido black 10B adsorption were studied. The adsorption isotherm parameters of the adsorption process were determined by using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm equations. The kinetic parameters were predicted with Lagergren’s pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order equations. The effect of temperature of the adsorption process was demonstrated by using the thermodynamic parameters. The maximum adsorption capacity of malachite green and amido black 10B onto polymer/clay nanocomposites was found at pH 7 and 2. Adsorption of malachite green and amido black 10B onto polymer/clay nanocomposites followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and it follows pseudo-second order rate constant equation The thermodynamic parameters, such as ΔHº, ΔSº and ΔGº were also determined which suggested that the studied adsorption process was an endothermic reaction.

scholarly journals Removal of brilliant green (BG) by activated carbon derived from medlar nucleus (ACMN) – Kinetic, isotherms and thermodynamic aspects of adsorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 464-482
Author(s):  
Moussa Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Brilliant Green ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Experimental investigations were undertaken to adsorb Brilliant Green (BG) a toxic dye from aqueous medium using activated carbon derived from the medlar nucleus (ACMN). The adsorption was used to remove BG using ACMN as bio-adsorbent to replace activated carbon still expensive. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by the BET surface area measurement, FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Various parameters such as the initial dye concentration (110–200 mg/L), adsorbent dose (1–6 mg/L), initial pH (2–9) and temperature (298–318 K) were studied to observe their effects on the BG adsorption. Batch studies were conducted in order to determine the optimal parameters required to reach the adsorption equilibrium. The maximum adsorption capacity of ACMN for the BG adsorption at 298 K was found to be 833.15 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic data were analyzed by using several kinetic models namely the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich equation, intraparticules diffusion model. It was established that the adsorption obeys the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The evaluation of thermodynamics parameters such as the free energy ΔG° (−10.584 to −6.413 kJ/mol), enthalpy ΔH° (36.439 kJ/mol) and the change of entropy (0.1438 kJ/mol K) indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the reaction with a chemisorption process. The present adsorbent may be considered as an alternative for the better performance of the BG removal from aqueous medium.

scholarly journals Bentonite and montmorillonite nanoparticles effectiveness in removal of fluoride from water solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Naghizadeh ◽  
Khadijeh Gholami
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Isotherm Study ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Batch Condition ◽  
Kinetics Of

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of montmorillonite and bentonite nanoparticles in removal of fluoride from water solutions. This experimental study has been conducted in batch condition in which the effects of different parameters such as contact time, pH, initial concentration of fluoride and amount of adsorbent mass have been investigated. Finally thermodynamics, isotherm and kinetics of the both adsorbents have been studied. The maximum adsorption capacity for both adsorbents occurred at fluoride concentration of 20 mg/L, contact times of 60 minutes, pH = 3 and adsorbent mass of 0.25 g/L. The adsorption process was exothermic and the result of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm study show that bentonite nanoparticles behave more similar to the Langmuir isotherm model and montmorillonite nanoparticles behave according to the both isotherms. Furthermore, the adsorption of fluoride by bentonite in all studied fluoride concentrations and montmorillonite in higher fluoride concentrations followed pseudo second-order kinetics.

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