From User-adaptive to Context-adaptive Information Systems (Von benutzeradaptiven zu kontextadaptiven Informationssystemen)

i-com ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3/2005) ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Oppermann

SummaryThis paper introduces context-adaptive information systems reflecting the current needs of the user. Context-adaptive information systems reflect more than classical user-adaptive systems where user and task characteristics are considered for adaptation. In context-adaptive information systems the usage episode is additionally defined by the time and the location, by the physical and social environment and the technical infrastructure and eventually by relevant situational characteristic such as sound, light or movement.To begin with, the rationality of adaptive systems and the concept of context-adaptiveness will be explained. Based upon the description of the three functions of adaptivity, i.e., the interaction logging, adaptation inference and adaptation performance, we describe user-adaptive and context-adaptive systems and the role sharing between the system and the user during the adaptation process. Techniques of location-awareness as currently an important determinant of context are described showing advantages and disadvantages for several application scenarios. At the end, application examples are presented for context-adaptive systems to understand the utility of context-adaptiveness in different fields of information and communication services.

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ratna ◽  
Endang Siti Astuti ◽  
Hamidah Nayati Utami ◽  
Kusdi Rahardjo ◽  
Zainul Arifin

Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of task and technology characteristics on the compatibility of technology and tasks, as well as examine the reciprocal effect between the task-technology fit and the use of information systems. Design/methodology/approach The study took place in 36 star hotels from one-star to four-star hotels in some cities and districts in South Kalimantan Province. There were 24 hotels in Banjarmasin, 7 hotels in Banjarbaru and 1 hotel in each area of Banjar, Tanah Bumbu, Tabalong, Hulu Sungai Utara and Barito Kuala. The hotels chosen were those implemented the information and communication technology as supporting administrative activities to serve hotel customers. The population was the front office staff in the existing hotels as the users of the information technology. The sampling technique used in this research was the questionnaire distribution in accordance with the number of population. Data were collected from the filled questionnaires. From the 239distributed questionnaires, 164 (68.62 per cent) were returned and used as the research data. Findings Task characteristics and technology characteristics have a significant and positive effect on task-technology fit, in which the higher the task characteristics and technology characteristics, the higher the task-technology fit. The task-technology fit and the use of information systems are positive and reciprocal. This means that the higher the task-technology fit, the higher the use of information systems. Originality/value The originality of this study is reciprocal relationship between the variables of use with the task-technology fit. Some researchers have found the compatibility of technological tasks affecting the use of information systems, namely, Lin and Huang (2008), Norzaidi and Salwani (2009), Larsen et al. (2009), McGill and Klobas (2009), D’Ambra and Wilson (2013), Im (2014) and Chang et al. (2015). On the other hand, in task-technology fit theory, Goodhue and Thompson (1995) state that use affects the task-technology fit.


Author(s):  
Tetyana Bozhko

The relevance of this publication is linked to the constant expansion of the range of packing products offered to the consumer market and the need to ensure the communicative function of packaging that embodies the dual requirements, one of which is the need for assimilation products to existing trade row, and the other - the selection of merchandise goods number by packing. The goal is to highlight all aspects of the problem associated with the communicative function of packaging products and outline the ways to solve them. Research Methodology: a tested method of complex analysis is introduced. It establishes the presence of domestic communicative aspects relevant to each of the above requirements and ways to implement them through the provision of a number of design techniques that can be guided by the designer in the implementation of project tasks. The scientific novelty is to identify all aspects of the communication requirements for packaging products and to establish conformity between each aspect and design methods that ensures their implementation. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods are considered in detail, namely: demonstration of images of the idealized consumer (advertising character) or the image of the idealized commodity producer; demonstration of hyperbolized consumer goods characteristics; accentuation of awards and signs of ecological safety; the dominance of typographic design and advertising block units over figurative elements; introduction of innovative and original shaping in packing designs. The importance of formulation of assortment of packaging products is separately highlighted, which represents a specific visual text - information that allows to trace the functional purpose of packaging and the presence of common and distinctive features. The studies have found that methods of demonstration images of idealized consumer (advertising character) or an idealized image producers meet the communication requirements such as: instant identification of goods, providing clear and unambiguous information about its content; the requirements for attracting attention through the visual images embodied in the packaging; creation of attractive communicative images from consciously active to accented-neutral. However, advertising characters are more likely to personally consciously active images. At the same time not all consumers are convinced of the perception of such an active position. The consideration of the mentality of such consumers makes it possible to resort to demonstration of images of the final product with hyperbolized consumer qualities. The use of such reception is the most common way of presenting food products under the conditions present in Slavic commodity markets and sometimes leads to the effect of over-supply of properties of such goods in an idealized form that loses communication product in real disposable bag. Obviously, the observation of differences between desired and available product features can lead only to a single act of purchase, and not contribute to the establishing the long-term relationships that can work for the nprestige and multiple acquisition of a proposed brand. Further, correlating techniques of sense formation with the communicative aspects of packaging products, the matching between the methods of emphasis of awards and signs of environmental safety requirements of trusted sources of information were found, that leads to the creation of the impression of reliability. Specific kind of project reception focused on building confidence in the source of information, creation of a correlation to such a source of impression of reliability is the introduction of TM with loud names such as "Our product", "Without GMOs". Names such as awards and environmental safety receive dominant positions in the system of information and communication elements of packaging products and focus on consumers' attention. The next communicative aspect of packaging products is the requirement to "tune" consumers into prolonged communication, to promote interest and willingness to acquire goods. Typically, the implementation of such a requirement is carried out through the introduction of font elements and their clear structuring with the help of a system of decorative planes, so-called "dies". Font alphabets, unlike realistic or photographic images, can most accurately tell about the properties of a product in each of the packaging volumes, explaining to the consumer what to expect from the product. The next project design, which also ensures the implementation of the above requirement, is the original formulation that is executed on the basis of standardized structural elements provided that there is a clear interaction between the constructive and graphic solutions of the packaging products. Consequently, the more noticeable the allocation of packaging in the cell to the same of a similar kind is, the better the process of forming factor is worked out. Of course, informational and communicative elements do not lose their significance in this case, but their design must be logically subordinated to the constructive properties of the form of detection. Conclusions: Tasks for the design of packaging products include the professional use of professional techniques of graphic design that make it possible to implement dualistic-oriented requirements. A specific feature of the use of such techniques is the refusal to follow the compositional schemes and plastic-shaped characteristics of the communicative elements of the already sold packaging products. Instead, resistance rests on the content fulfillment of each of the techniques which allows to implement an individualized approach to each of the projected packaging. The study shows the influence and significance of each of the communicative aspects that are considered in detail through a comprehensive analysis


2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Liang Thow Yick

Human organizations with human beings as interacting agents are complex adaptive systems. Such organizations continuously consume information, make decisions, and evolve with the changing environment. In this respect, all human organizations including businesses must enhance their collective intelligence in order to learn faster and compete more effectively. Thus, adopting an intelligent structure is vital to all businesses as the world moves deeper into the knowledge economy. The paradigmatic shift in thinking, structure, management and operation requires all intelligent human organizations to be designed around intelligence. An intelligent structure encompasses an orgmind, an intangible deep component, as well as a physical component. At the physical structure perspective, being able to identify, design and develop an artificial information systems network that synchronizes well with the orgmind is critical. The connectivity of the organization, and the manner in which it behaves, communicates and collaborates, depend on the effectiveness of its information systems network and its orgmind. The orgmind which is at least the collection of all the interacting human thinking systems must be fully aware of both the internal and external environments. Inevitably, in the new economy, intelligent human organizations must be equipped with a well-integrated intelligent information network which functions similarly to the nervous system in biological beings. This study examines the current status of artificial information systems and their networks in businesses with respect to the above concepts.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-157
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Alrubaidi ◽  
Nabil Hassan Abdo Al-Hemyari

This study aimed to assess the impact of information technology risks on security of information systems by following an analytical method based on the structural equation modeling (SEM). The study population was seven telecommunication companies in Yemen. A questionnaire was distributed to 356 participants, but only 218 forms were valid for analysis. The data was analyzed by the partial least squares (PLS). The study findings revealed that information technology risks had a negative impact on the security of information systems. The study recommended that the security of information systems should be strengthened so as to maintain the confidentiality of information, its availability and safety from risks, and to cope with speedy developments in information and communication technology.


2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Tesliuk N ◽  
◽  
Gutsalyuk O ◽  

The article examines the structure and principle of operation of the electronic office of the taxpayer, its advantages and disadvantages. The object of research is the electronic office of the taxpayer. The purpose of the work is to analyze the work of the electronic office of the taxpayer. Research method - a method of operationalization of concepts, induction and deduction. The interaction of taxpayers and controlling bodies with the use of information and communication technologies is on the way to reforming the state bodies of Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the European Union. One of the directions of modernization of the information system of the State Tax Service is the introduction of a new electronic service for providing electronic services to taxpayers using the Internet environment and a single web portal of the State Tax Service of Ukraine - a personal electronic office of the taxpayer. The electronic service was developed as part of the «Tax Block» system. The structure of the electronic office of the taxpayer is considered in detail. The advantages of submitting electronic reporting are analyzed and the ways to improve the work of the electronic cabinet are identified. KEY WORDS: ELECTRONIC CABINET, TAXPAYER, WEB PORTAL, TAXES, FEES.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7401
Author(s):  
Riccardo De Benedictis ◽  
Carlo De Medio ◽  
Augusto Palombini ◽  
Gabriella Cortellessa ◽  
Carla Limongelli ◽  
...  

Among more dramatic effects, the COVID-19 scenario also raised the need for new online information and communication services, promoting the spread of software solutions whose usefulness will last well beyond the pandemic situation. Particularly in the cultural heritage domain, it has been unveiled the relevance of new AI-based approaches, able to dynamically aggregate information and making them available for a customized fruition aimed to the individual cultural growth. Here, we integrate machine learning techniques for the automatic generation of contents for an intelligent tutoring system grounded on automated planning techniques. We present a solution for semantic, intelligent creation of personalized cultural contents, born as a lesson-making assistant, but developed as to become a multi-function “cultural crossover”, useful in the frame of a wide range of planning, dissemination, and managing activities for cultural heritage contents.


The paper shows the relevance of studying the factors taken into account when choosing automation tools and information systems by enterprises of different activities in different regions of Russia. The growing pace of technological change requires a balanced development of information technology in different regions in order to maintain the flexibility of the entire system and ensure the economic security of the country. The choice of information systems in the public and private sectors of the economy is different. The presence of significant geographical disproportions in the distribution of costs for information technology in the regions of Russia is revealed. Classification of the factors influencing the decision-making on the choice of information systems is carried out. The necessary conditions for the creation and successful development of information technology centers have been identified; those conditions include the availability of free resources for electricity generation, a developed research and educational center and the human resources potential of the territory in the field of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies). Partially identified imbalances are associated with the multistructural nature of the Russian economy and with territorial expanse; they are objective in nature and are subject to adjustment. The expediency of creation of interregional system involving cooperation ties with the purpose to develop information technology centers in different regions of Russia is shown.


Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Allan J. Brimicombe

This chapter introduces the concept of Mobile Geographical Information Systems (Mobile GIS) as an evolution of conventional GIS to being available on wireless mobile devices such as smart phones. The evolution of the technology and its applications are charted in this chapter. The main elements of Mobile GIS are then discussed. This focuses on: GIS servers; wireless mobile telecommunication networks; wireless mobile devices; location-awareness technology; and gateway services. This is followed by a discussion of the main features in terms of the services and usage of Mobile GIS: mobility; real-time connectivity; location-awareness; broadened usage. Mobile Geographical Information Systems are an important facilitating technology for Location-Based Services (LBS). A range of applications of Mobile GIS for smart phones are described. The chapter closes with a discussion of the prospects and challenges for Mobile GIS. Challenges derive from four broad areas: limitations that derive from the technologies being used; areas of GIScience that still need to be adequately researched; users; and business models for a sustainable presence.


Author(s):  
Andreas Bayu Darmawan ◽  
Rino Ardhian Nugroho

Electronic Government (e-Government) has been implemented in Indonesia at both the central and regional levels, where Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is integrated with public services in order to increase effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency. Surakarta has succeeded in creating an application that operates online which can be used to access population administration services, namely Dukcapil application (Dukcapil dalam genggaman in Indonesian term). This application is designed to make it easier for some people of Surakarta who are still experiencing problems if they have to directly access population administration services, whether constrained in terms of time, energy, and cost. As part of population administration services and population information systems, user satisfaction is important for Dukcapil Dalam Genggaman because it is related to the quality of the services provided and the success of implementing the application. User satisfaction can be influenced by several factors. Therefore, this study will examine the factors that influence user satisfaction of Dukcapil Dalam Genggaman. These factors were adapted from a model for measuring the level of user satisfaction with information systems, namely End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS), which measures satisfaction based on content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness. This study aims to determine the effect of these factors on user satisfaction of Dukcapil Dalam Genggaman. The questionnaire was distributed to users of Dukcapil Dalam Genggaman and successfully obtained a sample of 107 users. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression. It was found that content, accuracy, ease of use, and timeliness have a significant effect on user satisfaction of Dukcapil Dalam Genggaman. Meanwhile, the format does not have a effect on user satisfaction of Dukcapil Dalam Genggaman. Based on these findings, the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Surakarta is recommended to develop Dukcapil Dalam Genggaman by focusing on the factors that affect user satisfaction of the application.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (33) ◽  
pp. 4-17
Author(s):  
Sergei Krylov ◽  
Gleb Zagrebin ◽  
Dmitriy Mosolov ◽  
Irina Shkurenkova

The features, advantages and disadvantages of using QGIS, ArcGIS and MapInfo Pro when creating atlases of various types (geographic, complex and thematic) are considered in this paper. Schemes for their potential organization are presented and technological schemes for their automated creation in these geographic information systems are proposed. As a result, approaches and solutions for improving geographic information software can be formulated. Algorithms and modules were developed, primarily aimed at formalizing the structure of atlases and automating the design process of their mathematical basis. The development of functionality was implemented using built-in developer tools implemented in MapInfo as the MapBasic language, and in ArcGIS and QGIS in the Python programming language. A summary table was compiled, which presents the basic functionalities required to create atlases in GIS and their implementation in the appropriate software. These proposals will ensure the fulfillment of all requirements necessary for atlas design, primarily at the regional mapping level.


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