scholarly journals Properties, production methods and use of tin nanoxide

Surface ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12(27) ◽  
pp. 193-230
Author(s):  
А. R. Zheleznyak ◽  
◽  
О. М. Bakalinska ◽  
А. V. Brichka ◽  
G. O. Kalenyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metastable Compounds

The prevalence of tin compounds, economic affordability and non-toxicity determine its wide range of applications. Modern scientific literature on the properties, methods of preparation and application of tin nanooxide is analyzes in review. Its main characteristics and structural features are described. The ability of tin cations to be in two oxidation states, the ease of reduction of Sn+4 to Sn+2 and reverse oxidation, determines the redox properties of the SnO2 surface. In addition to stable oxides Sn4+ and Sn2,+ the existence of a homologous series of Snn+1O2n metastable compounds is assumed. It is proved that four-coordinated Sn+2 cations on the SnO2 surface can coexist only with oxygen vacancies in the immediate environment. Such cationic sites have the properties of strong Lewis acids and are highly reactive. Computer simulation of the SnO2 crystal surface allows us to propose a number of catalytic activity of SnO2 surfaces: (110) < (001) < (100) < (101). Preparation methods and synthesis parameters (nature and type of precursor, stabilizing agent and solvent, duration and temperature of the reaction, pH of the reaction mixture, etc.) determine the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (shape, size, morphology and degree of crystallinity). The main (sol-gel, precipitation and coprecipitation, CVD, spray pyrolysis, hydrothermal, “green”) and less common (detonation, electric discharge) methods of nano-SnO2 obtaining are analyzed in the work. A variety of methods of synthesis and conditions makes it possible to obtain SnO2 nanoparticles with desired properties, which determine the activity of tin oxide in redox reactions, namely: nanosize and morphology of particles with prevalence of the most reactive faces - (100) і (101). Among the methods that do not require complex hardware design, one can dwell on the methods of sol-gel, "green" and coprecipitation. Tin oxide is traditionally used as an abrasive for polishing metal, glass and ceramic products. The transition to nanosized particles allows this material to reversibly absorb and release oxygen, which has determined its use in the design of gas-sensitive and biosensors, the creation of solar cells, fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, oxidation catalysts, transparent and photoconductors. The multivalence and the presence of oxygen vacancies on the surface of tin oxide nanoparticles, the ease and speed of penetration into the cell membrane give nano-SnO2 properties of medicinal preparations, which makes it possible to use it in biomedical technologies for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress lesions. The size, concentration of nanoparticles and modification of their surface are the key factors of influence, which usually intensify the antimicrobial, antibacterial, antitumor and antioxidant activity of the material.

scholarly journals Evolution of tin oxide (SnO2) nanostructures synthesized by hydrothermal method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJAY PRATAP SINGH GAHLOT ◽  
Rupali Pandey ◽  
Sandeep Singhania ◽  
Arijit choudhary ◽  
Amit Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Sno2 Nanostructures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Tin oxide (SnO2), a versatile metal oxide due to its wide range of applications and its nature as an amphoteric oxide, has attracted researchers globally for many decades. Hydrothermal synthesis of wide band gap oxides with controllable nano shape and size is of primary attraction leading to myriad areas of applications such as electrodes in Lithium-ion batteries, gas sensing, photo-catalyst etc. to name a few. In this work, we have synthesized different types of nanostructures of Tin oxide through low temperature(180oC) Hydrothermal process by varying the concentration of its precursor solution (SnCl4.5H2O) from 0.0625M to 0.25M. The characterization of as -Synthesized SnO2 done using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X ray (EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) confirm synthesis of tin oxide and formation of various nanostructures as a function of concentration of the precursor solution. The evolution of various shapes of nanostructures has been discussed in light of existing theories.

scholarly journals Semiconductor Sensor With Loaded SnO2 Nanoparticles For Early Warning Of Indoor Fires

2019 ◽  
Vol Vol. 14, No.1 ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Maksymovyc ◽  
Ludmila Oleksenko ◽  
Georgiy Fedorenko ◽  
Ganna Arinarkhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Sensitive Layer ◽  
Semiconductor Sensor ◽  
Wide Range

Nanosized tin dioxide material with an average particle size of 10-11 nm was prepared by a sol-gel method. The material has been tested as a gas sensitive layer of a semiconductor sensor. Platinum was introduced into the gas sensitive layer to increase the sensor response to hydrogen. It was shown that the Pt-containing sensor has high sensitivity to hydrogen: its electrical resistance changes in 9.2 times in the presence of 22 ppm H2 in air. It was demonstrated that the sensor applicable to a wide range of H2 measurements in air (3-935 ppm) and has a fast dynamic response. The sensor demonstrates rather good reproducibility of its signal to H2 and withstands hydrogen overload (935 ppm) without a loss of its sensitivity to H2 microconcentration (22 ppm). The results are prospective for applying the sensor in the detectors for early warning of indoor fires.

scholarly journals Biphenyl-Bridged Organosilica as a Precursor for Mesoporous Silicon Oxycarbide and Its Application in Lithium and Sodium Ion Batteries

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Weinberger ◽  
Po-Hua Su ◽  
Herwig Peterlik ◽  
Mika Lindén ◽  
Margret Wohlfahrt-Mehrens
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Silicon Oxycarbide ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Sodium Ion Batteries ◽  
Mesoporous Silicon ◽  
Pluronic P123 ◽  
Interesting Candidate

Silicon oxycarbides (SiOC) are an interesting alternative to state-of-the-art lithium battery anode materials, such as graphite, due to potentially higher capacities and rate capabilities. Recently, it was also shown that this class of materials shows great prospects towards sodium ion batteries. Yet, bulk SiOCs are still severely restricted with regard to their electrochemical performance. In the course of this work, a novel and facile strategy towards the synthesis of mesoporous and carbon-rich SiOC will be presented. To achieve this goal, 4,4′-bis(triethoxysilyl)-1,1′-biphenyl was sol–gel processed in the presence of the triblock copolymer Pluronic P123. After the removal of the surfactant using Soxhlet extraction the organosilica material was subsequently carbonized under an inert gas atmosphere at 1000 °C. The resulting black powder was able to maintain all structural features and the porosity of the initial organosilica precursor making it an interesting candidate as an anode material for both sodium and lithium ion batteries. To get a detailed insight into the electrochemical properties of the novel material in the respective battery systems, electrodes from the nanostructured SiOC were studied in half-cells with galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements. It will be shown that nanostructuring of SiOC is a viable strategy in order to outperform commercially applied competitors.

scholarly journals Anisotropic Vanadium Oxide Nanostructured Host Matrices for Lithium Ion Intercalation

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O'Dwyer ◽  
V. Lavayen ◽  
M. A. Santa Ana ◽  
E. Benavente ◽  
G. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Ion Intercalation ◽  
High Degree

We report on unique high-volume low-dimensional V2O5-based turbostratic nanostructures, prepared using sol-gel synthetic methods from V2O5⋅nH2O xerogels. Electrochemical intercalation of Li+ to form Li0.65V2O5 resulted in a maximum measured charge capacity of 1225 mAh g−1 as the β-LixV2O5 phase. Conductivities of the order of 10−3 S cm−1 were found on compressed-nanotube parallelepipedal samples, which exhibit an anisotropy factor of 70 at room temperature by preferential alignment of the nanotubes. The improved electrochemical properties observed in novel vanadium oxide nanostructured arrays are attributed to the increased volumetric density for ion intercalation, shorter diffusion paths to the intercalation sites, and a high degree of crystallinity of the individual nanotubular host structures.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of SnO2 Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Thoker Bilal Ahmad ◽  
Ahmad Bhat Asif ◽  
wani Atif Khurshid ◽  
Ayoub Kaloo Masood ◽  
Shergojri Gulzar Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Search Engine Marketing ◽  
Ft Ir

To investigate morphological, optical and antibacterial properties of SnO2 nanoparticles which are synthesized by using an easy and affordable Sol-Gel method. By using various techniques such as XRD (X-ray Powder Diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared), UV-Vis, PL, SEM (Search Engine Marketing), EDAX (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis), the structural, optical, composition of elements and the size of the SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) has been discussed. The variation in properties of SnO2 as synthesized and at annealing temperatures has also been discussed. Size of tin oxide Nano particles from XRD is found in the range of 9-10 nm, and the lattice parameters about a=b=4.73060A, c=3.690A. From UV-Vis it is found that the band gap of tin oxide decreases as we increase the temperature. Active efficiency of SnO2 NPs has been tested on Gram negative (E.coli) and gram positive (Micrococcus luteus) bacteria on the growth of pure culture using zone inhibition method.

scholarly journals Ni–Cu High-Loaded Sol–Gel Catalysts for Dehydrogenation of Liquid Organic Hydrides: Insights into Structural Features and Relationship with Catalytic Activity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2017
Author(s):  
Yuliya Gulyaeva ◽  
Maria Alekseeva (Bykova) ◽  
Olga Bulavchenko ◽  
Anna Kremneva ◽  
Andrey Saraev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Structure Reactivity Relationship

The heightened interest in liquid organic hydrogen carriers encourages the development of catalysts suitable for multicycle use. To ensure high catalytic activity and selectivity, the structure–reactivity relationship must be extensively investigated. In this study, high-loaded Ni–Cu catalysts were considered for the dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane. The highest conversion of 85% and toluene selectivity of 70% were achieved at 325 °C in a fixed-bed reactor using a catalyst with a Cu/Ni atomic ratio of 0.23. To shed light on the relationship between the structural features and catalytic performance, the catalysts were thoroughly studied using a wide range of advanced physicochemical tools. The activity and selectivity of the proposed catalysts are related to the uniformity of Cu distribution and its interaction with Ni via the formation of metallic solid solutions. The method of introduction of copper in the catalyst plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of the interaction between the two metals.

scholarly journals L-Leucine Templated Biomimetic Assembly of SnO2 Nanoparticles and Their Lithium Storage Properties

Scanning ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yu ◽  
Mili Liu ◽  
Haixiong Gong ◽  
Fangfang Wu ◽  
Zili Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lithium Storage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Storage Properties ◽  
High Calcination Temperature

SnO2 nanoparticles have been synthesized by a novel route of a sol-gel method assisted with biomimetic assembly using L-leucine as a biotemplate. The microstructure of as-prepared SnO2 nanoparticles was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and Brunner−Emmet−Teller (BET) measurements. The results demonstrated that the growth of SnO2 could be regulated by L-leucine at a high calcination temperature. The electrochemical performance of SnO2 was also measured as anodes for lithium-ion battery. It is a guidance for the growth regulation of SnO2 at high temperature to obtain SnO2/C with nanosized SnO2 coated by a graphitic carbon.

scholarly journals Improved cycling performance and rate stability of ITO-compounded Li2MnSiO4 for lithium-ion batteries

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 9795-9801
Author(s):  
Jingya Liu ◽  
Yonghu Li ◽  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Jinjin Ai ◽  
Chunyan Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

Li2MnSiO4 compounded with indium tin oxide (ITO) was successfully synthesized through a sol–gel method.

scholarly journals High Response CO Sensor Based on a Polyaniline/SnO2 Nanocomposite

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Syuan Jian ◽  
Chi-Jung Chang ◽  
Jerry Wu ◽  
Yu-Cheng Chang ◽  
Chien-Yie Tsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Great Resistance ◽  
Co Sensor ◽  
Co Gas

A polyaniline (PANI)/tin oxide (SnO2) composite for a CO sensor was fabricated using a composite film composed of SnO2 nanoparticles and PANI deposition in the present study. Tin oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The SnO2 nanoparticles provided a high surface area to significantly enhance the response to the change in CO concentration at low operating temperature (<75 °C). The excellent sensor response was mainly attributed to the relatively good properties of PANI in the redox reaction during sensing, which produced a great resistance difference between the air and CO gas at low operating temperature. Therefore, the combination of n-type SnO2 nanoparticles with a high surface area and a thick film of conductive PANI is an effective strategy to design a high-performance CO gas sensor.

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