scholarly journals Characterization Physico-chemical and mechanical of 4 vegetable fibers used as artisanal raw materials in the Department of Nariño

DYNA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (216) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Laura De la Cruz Velasco ◽  
Juliana Chamorro Mejía ◽  
Carlos Cordoba-Cely
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Schoenoplectus Californicus ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Vegetable Fibers ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Quality Life

Nowadays there is very little information about the properties of the main vegetable fibers used in artisanal production in southern Colombia. The present comparative study analyzes the physical-chemical and mechanical properties of Fique (Furcraea macrophylla), Tetera (Stromanthe stromathoides or Stromanthe jacquinii), Totora (Schoenoplectus californicus) and Iraca or Toquilla Palm (Carludovica palmata), with the intention of identifying its strengths and weaknesses like an artisan raw material. The study found that fibers with higher elasticity such as Fique can be used for items such as clothing, while stronger fibers such as Tetera can be used to create items such as baskets that require more resistance to weight and rigidity. It was also found that Iraca and Totora could be better applied in the textile industry, and that the high moisture content in all fibers can affect their technological characteristics and the quality life cycle of artisan products.

scholarly journals Recycling of cellulose from vegetable fiber waste for sustainable industrial applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERDOGAN UMIT HALIS ◽  
DURAN HICRAN ◽  
SELLI FIGEN
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Vegetable Fibers ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Vegetable Fiber

Recently two significant topics that became important for textile industry namely ‘providing sustainability by reusing of textile wastes’ and ‘developing high-valued new textile raw materials. Cellulose, which is a fascinating polymer, has been used for years as a raw material to obtain various products such as papers, fibers and films. In this study, it is aimed to provide sustainability with recycling of cellulose from waste jute fibers, considering the amount of waste jute weft yarns released in the production process of machine carpets. For this purpose, pre-cleaning of waste fibers was carried out at first, and then extraction of cellulose was accomplished, and finally characterization of recycled cellulose was performed. Organic acid extraction method was effective for isolation of cellulose from waste fibers with 43.65% yield performance. Microscopic and experimental analyses confirmed that non-cellulosic part of waste fibers were removed successfully and recycled cellulose has similar structure with control cellulose. Our results suggest that, waste vegetable fibers can be used as a potential source for cellulose. Recycled cellulose can be used in the production of paper, composites, regenerated cellulose fibers and other industrial applications.

Sustainable Construction Materials

2019 ◽  
pp. 658-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Ralegaonkar ◽  
M. V. Madurwar ◽  
V. V. Sakhare
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
City Development ◽  
Chemical Test ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
By Products

Due to ever increasing demand for the conventional construction materials as well as an increase in agro-industrial by-products it is essential to reuse these materials. As a smart city solution this chapter briefs an overview for the application of alternate raw materials as a principal source for the development of sustainable construction materials. The potential application of the discussed raw materials is elaborated as cementitious material, the aggregates as well as alternative reinforcement material. To understand the process of application, sustainable masonry product development is discussed in detail. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the raw material, the necessary physico-chemical test evaluation methods are also briefed. The developed end product performance evaluation is also discussed by desired tests as recommended by standards. The chapter concludes with a positive note that reuse of agro-industrial by-products is a feasible solution for the smart city development.

scholarly journals Bamboo kraft pulping

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eraldo Antonio Bonfatti Júnior ◽  
Elaine Cristina Lengowski ◽  
Alan Sulato de Andrade ◽  
Ivan Venson ◽  
Umberto Klock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Extractive Content ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Pinus Spp

Despite of the wide use worldwide, the industrial potential of bamboo species in Brazil is not much investigated. However, some encouragement to revert this situation was created in last few years. The aim of this research was to evaluate the technological characteristics of the Bambusa vulgaris biomass for the production of pulp by the kraft process. The technological characteristics of the raw material were determined by the basic density, the chemical composition and the morphology of the fibers. The cooking process was carried out with the application of eight charges of active alkali, in 90 minutes of heating time and 60 minutes in the maximum temperature of 170ºC. All analyzes were also executed with the Eucalyptus spp. and the Pinus spp., in order to make a complete comparison among the species Bambusa vulgaris and the two most used raw materials for the pulp production in Brazil. The Bambusa vulgaris presented a higher basic density, lower holocellulose content and a higher total extractive content. Its fibers have intermediate length and wall thickness, similar to the Eucalyptus spp. and the Pinus spp. Considering the kraft pulping process, the species Bambusa vulgaris demonstrated to be easier to delignify besides presenting almost zero reject content and smaller consumption of active alkali. However, the Eucalyptus spp. and the Pinus spp. obtained the best yields, the lowest specific consumption of raw material and better selectivities.

scholarly journals Expansion of the assortment of jelly shaped marmalade based on vegetable puree

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Tefikova ◽  
I. A. Nikitin ◽  
N. B. Kondratiev ◽  
N. G. Semenkina
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Microelement Composition ◽  
Mashed Potatoes ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients

The problem of adequate and wholesome food is one of the most discussed in the world in the conditions of the deteriorating environmental situation, which entails a decrease in the level of health of the population. Significantly increases the need for vitamins, macro - and micronutrients, as in the most important protective factor. Marmalade has a number of advantages over other confectionery products: low energy value, the ability to bind and excrete toxins and salts of heavy metals, a relatively low price. The article presents the results of research work on the development of formulations of marmalade products based on vegetable puree of pumpkin, carrot and beet. The assessment of organoleptic, physico-chemical and rheological properties of raw materials. It was found that when making mashed potatoes from pumpkins, carrots and beets, it is necessary to ensure the introduction of a larger amount of gelatinizer in the preparation of jelly shaped marmalade to obtain products with a good gelatinous consistency. Defined organoleptic and physical-chemical indicators of quality and microelement composition of the finished products. It was found that the use of vegetable based puree, carrots, pumpkins or beets significantly increases the content of macronutrients in jelly marmalade (up to 9.5 times). Thus, the actual task of finding and introducing into production confectionery products containing in their composition non-traditional types of raw materials of vegetable origin, possessing high food and biological value and the ability to improve the consumer properties of the finished product.

Export Policy in Pakistan

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Mallon
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Export Diversification ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
External Economy

One of the main objectives of Pakistan's export policy has been the promotion of exports of manufactured goods. This is an objective which many under¬developed, predominately primary-exporting countries have in common because of their interest in export diversification. The general arguments used to justify such a policy, e.g., improvement in the terms of trade and increased stability of export proceeds—will not, however, be discussed in this paper1. Attention will instead be focussed on the economic consequences of the specific measures adopted by Pakistan, namely, a combination of export duties and subsidies which discriminate in favour of processed goods and against raw materials. The fact that in Pakistan the chief beneficiaries of discrimination have been manufactures of jute and cotton, products which also constitute most of the country's raw material exports, facilitates the economic evaluation of this policy. It can thus be assumed that if jute and cotton were not exported as manufactures they could be exported in raw form, or in other words, that the problem con¬sists in selecting that combination of exports in raw and manufactured form which maximizes net foreign exchange earnings. Furthermore, the textile industry is not a very good case for applying the external economy argument (i.e., subsidies to industries which provide training to the labour force in new skills, etc.,) be¬cause the industry would exist in any case to supply the internal market, economies of scale are limited and the skills employed are fairly rudimentary. In the follow¬ing, all our discussion will be concentrated on the jute and cotton situation, the special problems of other manufacturing fall outside the scope of our analysis.

THE ASSESSMENT OF USEFULNESS OF LIMESTONES FROM THE KLESZCZÓW GRABEN (BEŁCHATÓW LIGNITE DEPOSIT – SZCZERCÓW FIELD) AS POTENTIAL SO2 SORBENTS IN THE POWER INDUSTRY – PROBLEMS OF GEOLOGICAL DOCUMENTING

2018 ◽  
Vol 472 (472) ◽  
pp. 311-320
Author(s):  
Elżbieta HYCNAR ◽  
Jacek MUCHA ◽  
Tadeusz RATAJCZAK ◽  
Monika Wasilewska-Błaszczyk
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Precise Estimation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mineralization Processes ◽  
Transformation Processes

Jurassic limestones of the Kleszczów Graben are among the most important accompanying raw materials in the Bełchatów lignite deposit. In recent years, there has been a need to recognize their suitability as SO2 sorbents for use in the energy industry. The limestones are characterized by high lithological variability. They show both high hardness and compactness, and are weakly concise or even silty. At the top parts, they are subjected to karst processes. The lower parts are affected by secondary mineralization processes, among which the silicification process is most advanced. The effects of other transformation processes, such as compaction, cementation, dissolution and recrystallization of calcite are also visible. These processes contributed to a significant diversification of the mineral and chemical composition of limestone, and differentiation of physico-chemical and physical-mechanical parameters responsible for assessing the suitability for their commercial use as a raw material for the production of SO2 sorbents. Other problems associated with documenting the limestones in the Bełchatów deposit are related to their lesser importance compared to the main mineral. Its degree of exploration is low, characterized by a lower density of exploratory boreholes and significantly longer average lengths of samples collected from drill cores. At the present stage of the accompanying mineral exploration, only a preliminary estimation of limestone resources as potential SO2 sorbents is possible. The precise estimation will be possible after constructing a 3D model of criterion parameters and developing an extraction scenario.

scholarly journals Manifestations and causes of meromixis in lakes resulting from mineral extraction in Czechia

Geografie ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Hrdinka ◽  
Miroslav Šobr
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Mineral Extraction ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Morphometric Feature ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Anthropogenic lakes (lakes that have developed in mined-out pits as a consequence of mineral raw material mining) exhibit many interesting phenomena. Specific water features are the most remarkable, including physical, chemical and the biological characteristics. Other very specific morphometric feature of anthropogenic lake basins include the unusual location of the lake’s water surface: often several dozen meters below the adjacent terrain and the specific character of the mined-out raw materials. All of these factors affect the qualitative characteristics of lake’s water, even decades after flooding. The interaction of the factors mentioned above has resulted in the creation of a permanent meromixis in some anthropogenic lakes. The author’s primary objectives are to present some physical and chemical symptoms of meromixis at selected localities, to discuss the mutual interaction between the physical and chemical characteristics of lake water and to explore some probable causes of the origin of meromixis at the selected localities.

Sustainable Construction Materials

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
R. V. Ralegaonkar ◽  
M. V. Madurwar ◽  
V. V. Sakhare
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
City Development ◽  
Chemical Test ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
By Products

Due to ever increasing demand for the conventional construction materials as well as an increase in agro-industrial by-products it is essential to reuse these materials. As a smart city solution this chapter briefs an overview for the application of alternate raw materials as a principal source for the development of sustainable construction materials. The potential application of the discussed raw materials is elaborated as cementitious material, the aggregates as well as alternative reinforcement material. To understand the process of application, sustainable masonry product development is discussed in detail. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the raw material, the necessary physico-chemical test evaluation methods are also briefed. The developed end product performance evaluation is also discussed by desired tests as recommended by standards. The chapter concludes with a positive note that reuse of agro-industrial by-products is a feasible solution for the smart city development.

scholarly journals Environmental and Technological Problems of Rational Use of Secondary Resources for Processing Grapes

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M P Bakhmet ◽  
E E Ivanova ◽  
G I Kasianov ◽  
O V Kosenko ◽  
N V Magzumova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
The North ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Processing Resources ◽  
Phenolic Substances

Rational use of grapes processing resources is among environmental problems of AIC of Republics of the North Caucasus and Krasnodar Territory. Currently, waste from grapes processing is not practically used and worsen the ecological state of environment. The research subject is a technology based on the production of cryo-powder from pulp, squeeze, seeds and grapes skin grown in the foothill and mountainous regions. The prerequisites for research were previously performed author works on related topics. The data on vacuum SHF-drying of grape raw materials and subsequent grinding in a cryomiller are given. Modes of preparation of grape raw materials and its subsequent dehydration and cryo-grinding, which provide the possibility of successful use in the dried state in the production technology of wine beverages, are proposed. The principal feature is the use of whole grapes as a raw material, with skin and seeds. Physico-chemical parameters, the content of phenolic substances and organoleptic characteristics of wine beverages made according to the traditional technology and the beverage made from grape cryo-powders are studied. A comparative assessment is made. It is established that vacuum SHF-drying contributes to better preservation of the properties of raw materials and finished products. The organoleptic assessment has shown that wine beverages developed according to the proposed technology had a more intense color and a more pronounced taste of sweetness and acid than traditional wine beverages. The advantage of this technology is the ability to transport grape cryo-powders in unregulated temperature conditions to any point close to the consumer and carry out the production of nutritional food there.

scholarly journals ManTool: Application as Manufacturing Tools for Resources Management based on GIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ika Arum Puspita
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Very High

Competition in the textile industry is very high. Companies must be able to meet market needs by producing goods according to demand. In producing an item, it is necessary to design the amount of raw material required. This study aims to publish geographic information system (GIS) based application design as a tool in resource management. This application is named ManTool. ManTool can provide a reminder when raw material stocks run out. With this system, the company can order raw materials, and the production system continues to run well. This system is designed based on a Geographical Information System (GIS), it is easier for companies to determine which supplier of raw materials to choose. The method of making this system is by using the waterfall method. This method produces the right system because each stage is identified sequentially. The result of this research is a geographic information system-based application. With this application, the company will get a notification when the raw material runs out, and the company will get the right supplier's recommendation to buy raw material.

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