scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of Ricinus communis plant extract against antibiotic resistant Helicobacter pylori and Gluconobacter oxydans isolated from fresh apple juices samples

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shahzad ◽  
M. Chaudhry ◽  
M. G. Shahid ◽  
A. Ahsan ◽  
M. Dar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Gluconobacter Oxydans ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Bacteria were isolated from samples of Fresh Apple juices from shops of three different localities of Lahore. Analysis of samples from Liberty, Anarkali and Yateem khana Markets show different levels of contamination. There were pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria in all samples and were identified by the morphological and biochemical tests. Most of the plasmids of pathogenic bacteria were 4kb in their molecular size. Ribotyping of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was done to confirm Helicobacter pylori strain and Gluconobacter oxydans. The highest sensitivity of 210mm was shown by Enterobacter sp. against Aztheromysine disk (15µg) while Micrococcus sp. was highly resistant against all of the Antibiotics applied. The antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria was also checked against Ricinus communis plant's extracts, all isolated bacterial pathogens were resistant but only, E.coli was inhibited at 300µl of the extracts. Presence of pathogenic bacteria in Apple juice samples was due to contamination of sewage water in drinking water while some of these pathogenic bacteria came from Apple's tree and other from store houses of fruits.

scholarly journals Detection of pathogenic bacteria associated with earphones used by students of Stamford University Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Omor Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Md Raihan Ahmed ◽  
Md Raihan Dipu ◽  
Md Aftab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The use of earphones has increased in recent times throughout the world especially among the different level of students such as school, college or university who have a higher tendency of sharing these among them. Unlike airline headsets, headphones and stethoscope ear-pieces, ear phones are often shared by multiple users and can be a potential medium for transmission of pathogens, which can give rise to various ear related infections. The objective of this study was to detect the pathogenic bacteria from the ear-phones used by the students of Stamford University Bangladesh. A total of 16 ear-phone swabs were collected by sterile cotton swabs. The swabs were inoculated onto blood agar and incubated aerobically overnight at 37oC. Microscopic observation and standard biochemical tests were performed to confirm the identification of all the bacterial isolates. Six presumptively identified Staphylococcus spp. (38%) were tested against six different types of antibiotics following Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Isolates were found to be 84% resistant against Cotrimoxazole and demonstrated 100% sensitivity to Vancomycin and Ciprorofloxacin. The findings of this study suggest the users to disinfect their respective ear phones and not to exchange them as they may act as a potential source to transfer pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria among the ear phone users. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.10 (1) 2020: 1-4

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Bacteriophages Isolated from Sewage Water in the City of Kirkuk on some Types of Human Pathogenic Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
The City

Most approaches to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria concentrate on discovering new antibiotics or modifying existing ones. However, one of the most promising alternatives is the use of bacteriophages. This study was focused on the isolation of bacteriophages that are specific to some of commonly human pathogens namely E. coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These bacteriophages were isolated from sewages that were collected from four different locations in Kirkuk City. Apart from S. pyogenes, bacteriophages specific to all tested bacteria were successfully isolated and tested for their effectiveness by spot test. The most effective bacteriophages that were isolated from sewages and sewage water of Al-Jumhori Hospital compared to other sites. It is concluded that the sewage water of hospitals represents a perfect environment for these bacteriophages.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistant and Plasmid Conjugative Study of Salmonella typhi

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Waleed Haji Saeed Akreyi ◽  
Samira Younis Yousif ◽  
Mahde Assafi
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns

The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria has endangered the efficacy of antibiotics treatment of pathogenic bacteria worldwide. The aim of this research was to investigate the incidence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Duhok city, Iraq. Specimens of blood and stool were recruited from 267 patients. S. Typhi isolates were diagnosed depending on morphology, biochemical and serological tests. S. Typhi isolates were tested for their antibiotic resistance. Multi-drug resistant S. Typhi isolates were conjugated with E. coli HB101. The plasmid profile of transconjugants was investigated. 15/267 (5.6%) S. Typhi isolates were identified. Based on their biochemical tests, S. Typhi isolates were categorized into two biotypes (I, 26.66% and II, 73.33%). Four resistance patterns were observed. The resistant pattern to ampicillin and tetracycline was the higher (46.6%). Conjugation experiment showed that all antibiotic markers were transferred from S. Typhi to E. coli HB101 with a conjugation frequency of (0.38×10-5). 13.3% of the S. Typhi isolates were multi-drug-resistant resistant and had two small plasmids. Transconjugants E. coli acquired the resistance from the multi-drug resistant S. Typhi. Antibiotics treatment of the pathogens could be hindered by the constant rise of multi-drug-resistant. Further studies are needed to study the mobile genetic elements and their contribution to antibiotics resistance.

scholarly journals Isolation of Bacteriophage from Eggs and Use of Excreta as Biocontrol Agent in Controlling Eggs Related Salmonellosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Md Abu Sayem Khan ◽  
Md Muktadir Rahman Ashik ◽  
Sabita Rezwana Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Agar Layer

Poultry and poultry products are the leading causes of foodborne salmonellosis worldwide. Antibiotics are used to control Salmonella spp. in poultry but its uncontrolled use results in the emergence of resistant pathogens.The use of bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents to control antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria could be a possible alternative. The aim of this study was to isolate, characterize and evaluate the effectiveness of bacteriophages for reducingload of Salmonella spp. on eggshells. One bacteriophage named as Sal-PE, specific to Salmonella enteritidiswas isolated from poultry excreta. For isolation, samples were subject to an enrichment protocol and then double agar layer method was performed to detect plaque. It had the capability to survive in wide range of pH between 4 to 10and found to be resistant at 60°C for 1 hour. Sal” PE showed its lytic effect on 13 of the 15 (87%) isolates including Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium which were recovered from 50 poultry excreta samples. After enrichment and growth on selective media, isolates were identified based on cultural characteristics, microscopic observation and biochemical tests. Amplification of three different genes (invA, sdfI, fliC) were carried out tocharacterize those isolates in molecular level. All isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin, oxacillin and clindamycin but sensitive to ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, cefixime and chloramphenicol. Lytic efficiency of Sal-PE was determined by observing the reduction in optical density due to destruction of pathogens. Though more studies are needed in order to evaluate phage effectiveness, our findingsare expected to help us in initiating the development of a better preventive approach to control the occurrence of Salmonella spp. on eggshells. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 1 June 2018, pp 37-44

scholarly journals Comparing inhibitory effect some of probiotics and antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria isolated from injuries of military operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Khatab azher muslh . ◽  
Halah Abdul khaliq awadh . ◽  
Abdulwahid B. Al-Shaibani .
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Anova Table

This study aimed to isolate the antibiotics-resistant bacteria causing burns and wounds infections in military operation patients, and to compare the inhibitory efficacy of probiotics with the most common effective antibiotics. For this purpose, collected a total of 52 male patients of ages from 18 to 55 years suffering of wounds and burns infection from Military Muthanna Hospital form the period September 2019 to January 2020. Distributed between 34 of the samples were collected from wounds and 18 from burns. 27 (51.92%) from the wounds and 14 (26.92%) from the burns gave positive results for bacterial growth. A total of 61 bacterial isolates, 40 from wounds and 21 from burns, were obtained after culturing on MacConkey agar and blood agar and incubating at 37ºC for 24h. The isolates were identified by cultural, microscopic and biochemical tests and found to belong to both Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria .The susceptibility test was performed by subjected each of the wound and burn isolates to four most common antibiotics to each isolate bacterium. Results showed that majority of the isolates were highly sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin. 8 of the highly antibiotic-resistant isolates were selected for treatment by two bacterial probiotics; Lactobacillus casei and L. paracasei Cultivated independently, in MRS broth (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe broth) medium. The fermentation products were then concentrated (50, 25, and12.5) ml and the inhibitory activity of the eight most antibiotic-resistant isolates used was tested. Experiment was repeated three times and analysed with SPSS software. ANOVA Table with Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test. Results showed that despite the three-fold concentrated filtrates of both probiotics exerted good inhibitory activity against the pathogenic isolates, but L. casei filtrate was highly effective than that of L. paracasei. Moreover, L. casei filtrate was even competitor to Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin.

scholarly journals Gastric Microenvironment—A Partnership between Innate Immunity and Gastric Microbiota Tricks Helicobacter pylori

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Cristina Oana Mărginean ◽  
Lorena Elena Meliț ◽  
Maria Oana Săsăran
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Pathogen Recognition ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Major Factors

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) carcinogenicity depends on three major factors: bacterial virulence constituents, environmental factors and host’s genetic susceptibility. The relationship between microenvironmental factors and H. pylori virulence factors are incontestable. H. pylori infection has a major impact on both gastric and colonic microbiota. The presence of non-H. pylori bacteria within the gastric ecosystem is particularly important since they might persistently act as an antigenic stimulus or establish a partnership with H. pylori in order to augment the subsequent inflammatory responses. The gastric ecosystem, i.e., microbiota composition in children with H. pylori infection is dominated by Streptoccocus, Neisseria, Rothia and Staphylococcus. The impairment of this ecosystem enhances growth and invasion of different pathogenic bacteria, further impairing the balance between the immune system and mucosal barrier. Moreover, altered microbiota due to H. pylori infection is involved in increasing the gastric T regulatory cells response in children. Since gastric homeostasis is defined by the partnership between commensal bacteria and host’s immune system, this review is focused on how pathogen recognition through toll-like receptors (TLRs—an essential class of pathogen recognition receptors—PRRs) on the surface of macrophages and dendritic cells impact the immune response in the setting of H. pylori infection. Further studies are required for delineate precise role of bacterial community features and of immune system components.

scholarly journals Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Ambient Air in Accra, Ghana, February 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Godfred Saviour Kudjo Azaglo ◽  
Mohammed Khogali ◽  
Katrina Hann ◽  
John Alexis Pwamang ◽  
Emmanuel Appoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Inappropriate Use

Inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in ambient air. There is no published information about the presence and resistance profiles of bacteria in ambient air in Ghana. We evaluated the presence and antibiotic resistance profiles of selected bacterial, environmental and meteorological characteristics and airborne bacterial counts in 12 active air quality monitoring sites (seven roadside, two industrial and three residential) in Accra in February 2020. Roadside sites had the highest median temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and PM10 concentrations, and median airborne bacterial counts in roadside sites (115,000 CFU/m3) were higher compared with industrial (35,150 CFU/m3) and residential sites (1210 CFU/m3). Bacillus species were isolated in all samples and none were antibiotic resistant. There were, however, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas species, non-hemolytic Streptococci, Coliforms and Staphylococci species, of which six (50%) showed mono-resistance or multidrug resistance to four antibiotics (penicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone). There was a positive correlation between PM10 concentrations and airborne bacterial counts (rs = 0.72), but no correlations were found between PM10 concentrations and the pathogenic bacteria nor their antibiotic resistance. We call for the expansion of surveillance of ambient air to other cities of Ghana to obtain nationally representative information.

Antibiotic susceptibility pattern against pathogenic bacteria causing Dental Caries

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Deepak Dwivedi ◽  
Tejram Kushwah ◽  
Mukesh Kushwah ◽  
Vinod Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Penicillin V ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Antibiotics to treat dental caries infection are routinely prescribed which led to the increased resistance against bacteria. The purpose of this investigation was to perform antibiotic susceptibility tests on a panel of pathogenic bacteria isolated from dental caries infection. Bacteria were isolated from caries site of patients and identified at the species level. Each of 150 species of bacteria was tested for antibiotics susceptibility to a five antibiotics using Etest. The antibiotics used were Amoxicillin, Cloxocillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Penicillin‐V. The obtained resistance percentage for each antibiotic were Penicillin V: 72/150 (48%), Tetracycline: 99/150 (66%), Amoxicillin: 135/150 (90%), Cloxocillin: 117/150 (78%), and Erythromycin: 90/150 (60%) (Table 1). In case of combinatorial antibiotic exposure, the resistance percentage of Penicillin V/Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin/ Erythromycin was 39/150 (26%), and 45/150 (30%) respectively. The study has well demonstrated the clinical picture of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of bacteria causing dental caries. The obtained comprehensive data will allow investigating the spatial distribution of pathogenic, antibiotic resistant bacteria among dental caries patients which further may help into development of novel diagnostic and treatment approaches for the same.

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