scholarly journals CREATIVE INCLUSIVE PRACTICES OF SUBJECTIVITY FORMATION: AN APPROACH TO CONCEPTUAL SUBSTANTIATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 376-385
Author(s):  
Natalia T. Popova ◽  
◽  
Alexey Yu. Shemanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inclusive Practices ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Expressive Movement ◽  
Symbolic World

The article is based on the experience of searching for «roundabout ways» of development for persons with mental disabilities to be able to enter the culture (L.S. Vygotsky). We substantiate the possibility of developing creative inclusive practices that contribute to the formation of the subjectivity of persons with mental disorders where subjectivity is considered as the ability for conscious purposeful intentional activity in conjunction with the supporting processes of mastering cultural ways of human activity (bodily-affective self-regulation, experiencing oneself and others, symbolic practices of mastering the body and emotions, etc.). Inclusion is seen as the development of a common language and cultural forms of interaction in an inclusive group, and not as a simple declaration of equal rights to social inclusion. The approach to the conceptual substantiation of the applied creative inclusive practices is based on rethinking of the biosemiotic concept of Umwelt (J. von Uexküll) in the light of the concept of human as a being that creates the symbolic world of culture as a sphere of his life and lays the foundations of his cultural subjectivity, developing his abilities for expressive movement (E. Cassirer). As a result, Umwelt appears as not just the surrounding world, whose biological significance is predetermined by the specific activity of a living being, but as a symbolic world of cultural meanings set by the symbolic activity of a person (based on the development of his/her expressive movement) within a group of people united for creative communication, with an integrated theater studio serving as a model of this symbolic world. The development of creative inclusive practices is based on N.A. Bernstein’s theory of construction of movements as the basis for ‘substitute ontogenesis’ and the formation of their own subjectivity and cultural symbolism in persons with mental disorders already at the pre-expressive (J. Grotowsky, E. Barba) stage of training.

scholarly journals Revealing the biological basis of mental illness: epigenetic research as a new direction in diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
S. E. Khalchitsky ◽  
M. V. Ivanov ◽  
M. V. Sogoyan ◽  
M. G. Yanushko ◽  
M. A. Tumova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Epigenetic Programming ◽  
Epigenetic Research

Summary. Mental disorders are clinically heterogeneous chronic diseases resulting from complex interactions between genotype variants and environmental factors. Epigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation and post-translational histone modification, determine the interpretation by the body at the cellular and tissue levels of various environmental factors. Given that epigenetic modifications are environmentally sensitive, stable and reversible, epigenetic research in psychiatry may be a promising approach to better understanding and treating mental illness. This review discusses the clinical opportunities and challenges posed by epigenetic research in psychiatry. Using individual examples, the main conclusions are drawn that confirm the role of adverse life events, alone or in combination with genetic risk, in the epigenetic programming of neuropsychiatric systems. Further epigenetic studies show encouraging results in the use of methylation changes as diagnostic markers of disease manifestations and provide predictive tools for assessing progression and response to treatment. The potential for the use of targeted epigenetic pharmacotherapy, combined with psychosocial methods, in the context of the personalized medicine of the future in psychiatry is discussed next. It concludes with a discussion of methodological limitations that can make it difficult to interpret epigenetic data in psychiatry. They mainly arise due to the heterogeneity of individuals, both at the level of the whole organism and at the level of tissues, and require new strategies to better assess the biological significance of epigenetic data and their translational use in psychiatry. Overall, we believe that epigenetics can provide new insights and a more comprehensive understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of mental illness, and should ultimately improve the nosology, treatment and prevention of mental disorders.

Expression of a novel FGF in the Xenopus embryo. A new candidate inducing factor for mesoderm formation and anteroposterior specification

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.V. Isaacs ◽  
D. Tannahill ◽  
J.M. Slack
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mesoderm Induction ◽  
Gastrula Stage ◽  
Blastula Stage ◽  
Mesoderm Formation ◽  
Low Levels

We have cloned and sequenced a new member of the fibroblast growth factor family from Xenopus laevis embryo cDNA. It is most closely related to both mammalian kFGF (FGF-4) and FGF-6 but as it is not clear whether it is a true homologue of either of these genes we provisionally refer to it as XeFGF (Xenopus embryonic FGF). Two sequences were obtained, differing by 11% in derived amino acid sequence, which probably represent pseudotetraploid variants. Both the sequence and the behaviour of in vitro translated protein indicates that, unlike bFGF (FGF-2), XeFGF is a secreted molecule. Recombinant XeFGF protein has mesoderm-inducing activity with a specific activity similar to bFGF. XeFGF mRNA is expressed maternally and zygotically with a peak during the gastrula stage. Both probe protection and in situ hybridization showed that the zygotic expression is concentrated in the posterior of the body axis and later in the tailbud. Later domains of expression were found near the midbrain/hindbrain boundary and at low levels in the myotomes. Because of its biological properties and expression pattern, XeFGF is a good candidate for an inducing factor with possible roles both in mesoderm induction at the blastula stage and in the formation of the anteroposterior axis at the gastrula stage.

scholarly journals THE BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SELENIUM AND ITS PLACE IN RNA VIRAL DISEASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
T.M. Guseynov ◽  
◽  
R.T. Guliyeva ◽  
F.R. Yakhyayeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Essential Trace Element ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACT. Selenium as an essential trace element takes part in the regulation of many vital processes. This is realized with the help of over 25 selenoproteins that affect oxidative stress, immune response, hormonal metabolism, cognitive function, etc. Recently (in the next 30 - 40 years), there have been reports of the effect on viral infections, which have now become widespread. It turned out that almost all RNA viruses are selenium-dependent objects, that is, their genome contains the codes of the most important selenium containing proteins, including such as glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxinreductase, selenium-P protein, etc. Their synthesis during the development of a viral infection at the expense of the host leads to a weakening of the synthesis of the body's own intracellular selenium proteins, which contributes to the development of oxidative stress and a failure of the immune response. And this leads to the devastation of the selenium depot of the body, intended for the synthesis of its selenium proteins, which participate in vital regulatory processes. This circumstance determines, to replenish the body's resources with selenium, the expediency of using selenium-containing pharmacopoeia preparations as adjuvant in the treatment of RNA viral infections.

scholarly journals The correlation of sociopsychological characteristics and self-stigmatization of patients with mental disorders (Result of original study)

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
N. B. Lutova ◽  
O. V. Makarevich ◽  
K. E. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Original Study ◽  
The Self ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self System

The investigation studies the relationship between narcissistic self-regulation with the features and expression of self-stigmatization in patients with endogenous mental disorders. The study involved 131 people, including patients with schizophrenia — 66.8% and individuals with affective disorders — 33.2%. The survey was conducted by using the following methods: «Index of Self-system functioning» and questionnaire of self-stigmatization by Mikhailova-Yastrebov. Data on correlation of strength personality reducing with selfstigmatization, the specifics of Self-regulation structure in various inner stigma forms, and the absence of IFSS significant differences in patient’s groups with different nosological forms of mental disorders, disease’s duration and number of hospitalizations — were obtained. The specific personal characteristics underlying premorbid changes in the Self-regulation system that determine the vulnerability of patients to the formation of stigma are discussed.

scholarly journals Voicing Rupture: Resisting docility through performances of feminine agency in Arnold Schoenberg’s Das Buch der hängenden Gärten

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Imogen Thirlwall
Keyword(s):  
Song Cycle ◽  
Art Song ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Sexual Agency ◽  
Vocal Technique ◽  
Western Art ◽  
The Social ◽  
Normative Practices

<p>My experience of learning and performing Arnold Schoenberg’s song cycle, Das Buch der hängenden Gärten, can be explored through the lens of Foucault’s ‘docile bodies’ theory – that is, bodies that are ‘subjected, used, transformed, improved’. Participating in the disciplinary practice of self-policing, my obedience to the social, cultural and musical orders shaping western art song performance is enforced through self-imposed internalisation of normative practices and values. The singer’s body – my own body – is regulated in the Foucauldian sense; ‘disciplined’ through training and conditioning to align with normative practices, and, simultaneously, I act as ‘discipliner’ through self-imposed policing and monitoring of my body. The compulsive need to engage in the acts and processes of discipline implies inherent deficiency or deviance; the body must be transformed and ‘corrected’ through the processes of discipline that reflect the internalised value systems a body is measured against. In this exegesis, I explore my processes of self-regulation as disciplined and discipliner, investigating an intersection of ideals and tensions in my pursuit of technical command of vocal technique, obedience to the score, and the expectation of emotional abandon that an expressionist song cycle demands. Framed through narratives of ‘service’ and ‘prohibition’, I position the political anatomy of an eroticised, reproductive female body, exploring resistance and ‘rupture’ through the sexual agency of a disobedient and disruptive female singer.</p>

scholarly journals Voicing Rupture: Resisting docility through performances of feminine agency in Arnold Schoenberg’s Das Buch der hängenden Gärten

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Imogen Thirlwall
Keyword(s):  
Song Cycle ◽  
Art Song ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Sexual Agency ◽  
Vocal Technique ◽  
Western Art ◽  
The Social ◽  
Normative Practices

<p>My experience of learning and performing Arnold Schoenberg’s song cycle, Das Buch der hängenden Gärten, can be explored through the lens of Foucault’s ‘docile bodies’ theory – that is, bodies that are ‘subjected, used, transformed, improved’. Participating in the disciplinary practice of self-policing, my obedience to the social, cultural and musical orders shaping western art song performance is enforced through self-imposed internalisation of normative practices and values. The singer’s body – my own body – is regulated in the Foucauldian sense; ‘disciplined’ through training and conditioning to align with normative practices, and, simultaneously, I act as ‘discipliner’ through self-imposed policing and monitoring of my body. The compulsive need to engage in the acts and processes of discipline implies inherent deficiency or deviance; the body must be transformed and ‘corrected’ through the processes of discipline that reflect the internalised value systems a body is measured against. In this exegesis, I explore my processes of self-regulation as disciplined and discipliner, investigating an intersection of ideals and tensions in my pursuit of technical command of vocal technique, obedience to the score, and the expectation of emotional abandon that an expressionist song cycle demands. Framed through narratives of ‘service’ and ‘prohibition’, I position the political anatomy of an eroticised, reproductive female body, exploring resistance and ‘rupture’ through the sexual agency of a disobedient and disruptive female singer.</p>

scholarly journals SEASICKNESS - CURRENT STATE OF PREVENTION AND TREATMENT ISSUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
I. S. Drachev ◽  
V. I. Legeza ◽  
A. B. Seleznev
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cholinergic Antagonists ◽  
Scopolamine Hydrobromide ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Sleeping Pills ◽  
Current State ◽  
Intersensory Conflict ◽  
Effective Drugs

The paper describes the current state of development of seasickness as one of movement disease variants. The given type of pathology occurs when combining different types of ship’s motion (rolling and pitching). Circular, vertical and slow movements induce more pronounced and frequent signs of seasickness than linear, horizontal and quick ones. In the view of majority of researchers, the most likely is an intersensory conflict theory i.e. violation of coherent functioning of afferent body systems performing spatial orientation, statokinetic equilibrium and keeping balance. The leading role is played by the functional dysfunction of the vestibular analyzer. The classification of means of preventing and stopping of motion sickness is given, the mechanisms of their action, specific activity and side effects are described. It has been shown that currently the most effective drugs are M-cholinergic antagonists (scopolamine hydrobromide) and H1-histamine antagonists of the 1st generation (dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, cyclizine, meclizine, promethazine, etc.). Of the antipsychotics and blockers of D2 receptors, prochlorperazine and metoclopramide are recommended. It is also worth to use prokinetics (domperidone, cisapride, renzapride, etc.), tranquilizers (barbiturates, benzodiazepines), sleeping pills and local anesthetics. Particular attention is paid to combination drugs, consisting of antiemetic and psychostimulating drugs, designed to maintain working capacity under the influence of seasickness factors on the body. Non-pharmacological means of preventing seasickness and alleviating its symptoms are described. The main directions of improving the system of measures aimed at maintaining efficiency in the presence of symptoms of seasickness are determined. 

scholarly journals Correlation between BMI and ADLs with Mental Emotional Disorder among Elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nabilah Qonitah ◽  
Muhammad Atoillah Isfandiari
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Emotional Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Function ◽  
Physical Independence

The increasing of life expectancy led to a growing number of elderly. There are many thing that occurs caused by aging process, one of them is decreases of body function. Decreasing body function can cause variety of health problems. The problem that may occurs are malnutrition, chronic disease, and lack of independence in performing daily activities. All of them are risk factor of mental emotional disorder. This study was conducted to determined the relationship between mental emotional disorders in the Elderly Care Unit Jombang in Kediri. This research was analytical study and used cross sectional. Dependent variable was mental emotional disorders. Independent variables were BMI, physical independence and characteristic. Interview was conducted to obtain information about variables in this study. Data analyzed by chi square and pearson correlation. The prevalence of mental disorders found in this study was 23,4%. Respondents who didn’t have physical independence were 4,3%. Respondents who had body mass index that wasn’t normal is 26,2%. The variables showed correlation only variable physical independence and mental emotional disorders (p = 0,008). While the body mass index and characteristic were not showed correlation with mental emotional disorders. The conclusion of this study was the elderly at risk for emotional suffering mental disorders. Physical independence associated with mental disorders in elderly emotional. So the need for more attention especially from the psychological to the elderly who do not have physical independence.Keywords: risk factors, BMI, physical independence, mental emotional disorder, elderly

Fermentative extraction of Amylase using waste Biomaterials as Substrate

2021 ◽  
pp. 4580-4582
Author(s):  
Sharmila S. ◽  
Preetha S. ◽  
Kowsalya E. ◽  
Kamalambigeswari R. ◽  
L. Jeyanthi Rebecca
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Crude Sample ◽  
Groundnut Shell

Enzymes are biological molecules that significantly speed up the rate of virtually all of the chemical reactions that takes place within the cells. They are vital for life and serve as a wide range of important functions in the body. Solid state fermentation holds a high potential for the production of enzyme amylase using Aspergillus niger. In this work, different solid substrates such as groundnut shells, coconut coir and Palmyra sprout peels were used for the production of amylase as they are very cheap and also easily available raw materials. Then the maximum enzyme activities were analysed. Results showed that the enzyme activity of for which palmyra sprout peel was used as substrate had maximum activity in both crude sample (0.63µmol/ml.min) and in partially purified sample (1.42µmol/ml.min) and activity was found to be less for groundnut shell as substrate (crude sample 0.36µmol/ml.min) and in (treated sample 0.26µmol/ml.min) and also the specific activity was found to be maximum in palmyra sprout peel (29.2U/mg of protein) and less in groundnut shell (8.6U/mg of protein).

DIAGNOSING THE LEVEL OF FORMATION OF PERSON’S EMOTIONAL SELF-REGULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Polishchuk S.A.
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Research Result ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Psychological Tools ◽  
Sense Of Satisfaction ◽  
Constructive Behavior

Purpose. Developing the evidence-based technique for studying person’s state of emotional self-regulation which determines the prospects for forming the constructive behavior (argumentation: the study of emotional self-regulation person’s behavior in emergencies; emotional self-regulation controls the energy balance of the body).Methods. The presented technique is the author’s copyright. This is a research result of the theoretical and empirical study of the problem in different regions of Ukraine. The necessary requirements (reliability, validity, etc.) were met for the development of the technique. With the help of the technique the information expressing the behavior peculiarities of the person in emergency situations was obtained. At present the technique is being improved, and therefore can be used only with the permission of the author.Results. The basic cognitive guideline was formulated: the author’s diagnostic toolkit is multifunctional (it provides stating the actual research results and the potential possibilities of their extrapolation). The technique is made up of structured thematic information: level 1 is field reactivity (search for positions of comfort and safety; identification with the nature; psychotechnical techniques; sense of satisfaction with the created things); level 2 is made up by stereotypes (sensitivity to the violation of needs; affective fixation; self-stimulation of positive emotions); level 3 is expansion (research behavior, the need to assess the own possibilities; affective feelings; the desire for change; affective need for danger); level 4 is the emotional control (dependence on the emotional assessment of the environment; ability for empathy; trust to the environment; willingness to receive help from others). The method is made up by 35 questions and variable answers (each answer has a fixed score). The interpretation of the received information was carried out (three behavioral levels and their characteristics were defined).Conclusions. The qualified individual psychological support involves first information and sense orienting the psychologist in the initial indicators of person’s emotional self-regulation, and then his/her examining with the help of appropriate techniques. The developed diagnostic psychological tools potentially require the next approbation.Key words: diagnostic tools, emotional control, expansion, constructive behavior, reactivity, stereotype. Мета статті полягає урозробленні доказової методики для вивчення в людини стану емоційної саморегуляції, який визначає перспективи формування конструктивної поведінки (аргументація: вивчення емоційної саморегуляції передбачає наукове рішення про з’ясування психологічного змісту конструктивної поведінки людини у надзвичайних ситуаціях; емоційна саморегуляція контролює енергетичний баланс організму).Методи. Презентованаметодика є авторською. Це дослідницький результат теоретико-емпіричного вивчення проблеми у різних регіонах України. Для розроблення методики дотримані необхідні вимоги (достовірність, валідність тощо). За допомогою методики отримана інформація, яка увиразнює поведінку людини у надзвичайних ситуаціях. Нині методика вдосконалюється, тому може бути використана лише з дозволу автора.Результати. Сформульовано таку базову пізнавальну настанову: авторський діагностичний інструментарій є поліфункціональним (передбачає констатацію фактичних дослідницьких результатів та потенційні можливості їхньої екстраполяції). Методика – це структурована тематична інформація, де перший рівень складає польова реактивність (пошук позицій комфорту і безпеки; ідентифікація з природою; психотехнічні прийоми; почуття задоволення від створеного); другий рівень становлять стереотипи(чутливість до порушення потреб; афективна фіксація; аутостимуляція позитивних емоцій); третій рівень формує експансія (дослідницька поведінка, потреба оцінити власні сили; афективні самовідчуття; прагнення до перетворень; афективна потреба в небезпеці); четверний рівень складаєемоційний контроль(залежність від емоційної оцінки оточення; емпатійність; довіра до оточення; готовність отримувати допомогу від інших). Методика складається з 35 питань та варіативних відповідей (кожна відповідь має свій фіксований бал). Здійснено

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