THE REFLECTION OF CULTURAL ASPECTS ON VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE: CASE OF BURHANLI VILLAGE, CEYHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (22) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
A. Yeliz GÖĞEBAKAN ◽  
F. Duygu SABAN
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Local Residents

Aim: The financial, social and cultural development in urban areas encouraged people to move out from rural areas which resulted in the extinction of vernacular architecture shaped as a result of cultural background. The main aim of this study is to examine how cultural aspects are reflected to spaces in vernacular architecture. Method: Burhanlı Village located in Ceyhan/Adana is chosen as the case study, because of its unique settlement character where yörük culture can still be seen. Within the scope of the study, historical development of Burhanlı village is examined, survey drawings of 16 traditional houses are prepared and interviews with local residents are undertaken in order to understand how culture is reflected in inner and outer spaces. Findings: It is ascertained that building stock in the village is mostly comprised of two storey houses, where ground floors are used as stables or warehouses, the upper floors include spaces for daily living. In the houses where sofa is the main element of the plan organization, wood, mud brick or stone was used as building material and it is revealed that traditional houses are under threat because of poor quality intervention. Conclusion: It is determined that culture was reflected more in details in inner and outer spaces rather than spatial organization and that these unique qualities have to be preserved.

scholarly journals Camel Rearing in Urban and Rural Areas of Bikaner District

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Sohel Mohammad ◽  
Shailendra Singh ◽  
Vinod Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
World Population ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Ecological Importance

In terms of numerical importance, the camel ranks only as a minor domestic animal. The world population of camels consists of about 17.5 million compared with 1270 million cattle, 1145 million sheep, 822 million pigs, 494 million goats, 138 million water buffaloes and 65 million horses. Yet, population statistics alone does not adequately reflect the ecological importance and historical significance of the camel for human cultural development. From an ecological perspective, camel husbandry is the only means of exploiting the arid zone that composes about one third of the land surface of the earth. Camel pastorals are the only substance strategy that makes it possible to utilize this vast area for food production in a sustainable way. Thriving on a diet of thorny, fibrous and often very salty plants, camels convert the scattered vegetation of the desert into highly nutritious food and other forms of energy. Camels are able to produce large qualities of milk, wheat meat, wool and dung thrown in as by products. The article provides an overview on economic background of camel owners in rural and urban areas as well as different communities of Bikaner district and it is concerned with the utilization pattern of camels, the quality of food and water and the perception of camel owners towards declining number of camel in different landscape and communities of Bikaner.

scholarly journals Arsitektur Vernakular Berdasarkan Aspek Sosial-Budaya Pada Ruko Di Kota Medan

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Faisal Pane ◽  
Nila Rahmaini Siregar ◽  
Rizki Namira Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Collection Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Local Traditions

Arsitektur vernakular merupakan arsitektur yang terlahir dari masyarakat sebagai cerminan tradisi lokal dan terus berkembang dikarenakan sifatnya yang fleksibel dengan potensi sekitarnya. Salah satu bentuk arsitektur vernakular yang muncul di Kota Medan adalah ruko sebagai hasil pengembangan arsitektur vernakular dalam konteks perkotaan yang mana masyarakatnya berasal dari daerah rural dan memiliki latar belakang yang berbeda-beda sebagai hasil akibat dari akulturasi sehingga mempengaruhi identitas dari dearah tesebut melalui perubahan ataupun penyesuain karakter arsitektur yang menampilkan ciri khas. Ruko digunakan mayoritas masyarakat di Kota Medan sebagai tempat tinggal dan juga berwira usaha. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk medapatkan hubungan komprehensif antara arsitektur vernakular dan ruko. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis yang dalam pelaksanaanya dilakukan proses pengumpulan data, menganalisis data, dan menafsirkannya berdasarkan aspek sosial-budaya. Dari data yang didapat dihasilkan adanya hubungan antara arsitektur vernakular dan bangunan ruko. The vernacular architecture was born from the community as a reflection of local traditions and continues to develop due to its flexibility with its surrounding potential. One form of vernacular architecture that arises in Medan City is shophouses as a result of the development of vernacular architecture in an urban context where the people come from rural areas and have different backgrounds as a result of acculturation that affects the identity of the region through changes or adjustments. Architectural characters that display characteristics. Shophouses are used by the majority of people in Medan as a place to live and also do business. The purpose of this study is to obtain a comprehensive relationship between vernacular architecture and shophouses. The research method used in this research is analytical descriptive in which the data collection process is being collected, analyzing the data, and interpreting it based on socio-cultural aspects, from the data obtained produced a relationship between vernacular architecture and shophouses.

Caractéristiques environnementales favorisant la participation sociale: une enquête auprès d’aînés québécois

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Naud ◽  
Mélanie Hamel ◽  
Mélyna Caron ◽  
Virginie Cardin ◽  
Marie-Hélène D. Roux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The City ◽  
Participation Sociale

ABSTRACTWe document and compare the environmental characteristics potentially associated with social participation of older Quebecers, according to the level of rurality. A survey was carried out among older Quebecers aged 65 and over recruited by different senior groups and through social media. The Questionnaire their potential for social participation, developed from a systematic literature review, was completed by respondents. According to the 515 older participants, 71.5 years old on average, environmental characteristics linked to social participation, as well as user-friendliness of the city and neighborhood, are more favorably perceived in metropolitan and urban areas than rural areas. However, access to public transportation and the welcoming and openness of local residents are more appreciated by rural respondents. These results support the presence of inequalities in social participation according to level of rurality and offer some leads for action.

scholarly journals Consumption of safe drinking water in Pakistan: its dimensions and determinants

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Naeem Akram
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Piped Water

Abstract. Safe drinking water is one of the basic human needs. Poor quality of drinking water is directly associated with various waterborne diseases. The present study has attempted to analyze the household preferences for drinking water sources and the adoption of household water treatment (HWT) in Pakistan by using the household data of Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017–2018 (PDHS, 2018). This study found that people living in rural areas, those with older heads of household and those with large family sizes are significantly less likely to use water from bottled or filtered water. Households with media exposure, education, women's empowerment in household purchases and high incomes are more likely to use bottled or filtered water. Similarly, households are more likely to adopt HWT in urban areas, when there is a higher level of awareness (through education and media), higher incomes, women enjoy a higher level of empowerment, and piped water is already used. However, households that use water from wells and have higher family sizes are less likely to adopt water purifying methods at home.

scholarly journals Morbidity Profile of School Children in Rural and Urban Areas of Visakhapatnam – A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (22) ◽  
pp. 1835-1840
Author(s):  
Errayya Dowrula ◽  
Venkata Durga Prasad Vithanala ◽  
Sunita Sreegiri ◽  
Phani Madhavi Kajana ◽  
Devi Madhavi Bhimarasetty
Keyword(s):  
Urban Schools ◽  
School Children ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

BACKGROUND Children from rural areas and urban slums suffer from poor quality of life. In spite of several health programmes in existence, conditions such as infections, malnutrition etc. continue to be major threats leading to morbidities among school children. This study was conducted to evaluate the various morbid conditions prevailing among school going children and compare the urban and rural scenarios in Visakhapatnam district. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and October 2019 (1 year) among secondary school children studying in classes 6 th to 10th (age between 11 and 15 years) of three randomly selected government schools in urban and rural areas. A total of 800 school going children was considered (400 from three rural and 400 from three urban schools) for the study. Prior approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee was taken for the study. Data was collected by using a pre-tested questionnaire. Clinical examination was conducted to detect any morbidity. RESULTS The most common morbid condition was found to be anaemia. The prevalence of anaemia was 47.12 %, followed by nose, throat, and eye conditions (33.87 %, 22.5 % and 30.75 % respectively) and morbidity of oral cavity (30.62 %). The prevalence of skin infections such as pediculosis and tinea and other fungal infections was 24.87 %. CONCLUSIONS Children in urban schools were found to be suffering more from skin, nose and throat abnormalities and anaemia as compared to children from rural schools who had ocular problems especially signs of Vitamin A deficiency along with anaemia. KEYWORDS Morbidity, School Children, Rural and Urban Areas

scholarly journals The role and importance of social capital in rural development

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 08072
Author(s):  
Svetlana Podgorskaya ◽  
Sergei Schitov
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
State Of The Environment

A fundamentally new characteristic of the policy in relation to the development of rural areas is the achievement of a high standard of living of the rural population due to non-material factors of development, namely, the quality of the social environment and the state of the environment. In the new model of rural development, the main element is social capital and the level of development of rural social networks based on Internet technologies. Digitalization contributes to the active involvement of the rural population of Russia in network social interaction. Social networks are more important for rural residents than for urban residents, since they neutralize the territorial disunity of villages and provide access to information. They become a structural component of social capital, a condition and factor of its formation and reproduction. However, the level of digitalization in rural areas remains insufficient and is significantly inferior to urban areas. The development and improvement of social capital contributes to the use of hidden intangible resources, the disclosure of the potential of rural areas, the growth of its competitiveness, the formation of economic and social ties.

scholarly journals Youth Mobility and its Role in Structural Transformation in Senegal

2019 ◽  
pp. 251-276
Author(s):  
Elisenda Estruch ◽  
Lisa Van Dijck ◽  
David Schwebel ◽  
Josee Randriamamonjy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Nonfarm Employment ◽  
Over Time

This chapter uses multiple data sources to illustrate the transitions made by youth over time either to the rural non-farm economy or to urban areas. Descriptives are given to the motivations and constraints youth face when engaging in the RNFE or in migrant labour. The findings suggest that there are limited rural employment opportunities for youth, leading to a slow pace of rural poverty reduction. Rural youth still work mainly in poor quality jobs in agriculture, although they increasingly try: (i) to diversify their and their family’s income by engaging in nonfarm employment, or (ii) to look for options outside rural areas by migration to urban areas or abroad. We review the main policies and programmes implemented in Senegal to examine potential for reform towards pro-transformative youth employment.

scholarly journals The Role of the National Construction Authority in the Conservation of Vernacular Architectural Heritage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Mugwima B Njuguna ◽  
Ephraim W Wahome ◽  
Anne Marie Deisser
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Urban Architecture ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
Intangible Heritage

Vernacular architecture is a malleable concept that encompasses structures produced by empirical/ experiential builders. It is sometimes referred to as indigenous, primitive, ethnic or even architecture without architects. Vernacular architectural heritage often found in rural areas and historic urban areas and villages represent a cultural heritage that has been handed down from one generation to the next. This heritage is under threat from modernising forces which cause deterioration in cultural and historical continuity. It is important to conserve this architecture and associated technologies for posterity. Both tangible and intangible heritage of vernacular architecture is threatened through blatant negligence, emergent and more profitable modes of construction, and lack of funds for minimum maintenance. To a large extent, this heritage is quickly deteriorating and disappearing into the hands of vandals and illegal traders due to the lack of appropriate conservation, sensitisation and training for the public and heritage professionals in the conservation of materials and practices. The paper explores the vernacular heritage in Kenya, the state of its conservation and the risks associated with its conservation. It is argued that since NCA is mandated inter alia to undertake research into any matter relating to the construction industry, it should complement the efforts of the National Museums of Kenya in the conservation of cultural heritage in so far as materials and building technologies are concerned. There is no clear legal framework for the conservation of vernacular architecture in place and it is often lumped together with other popular forms of architecture which have well-defined and documented historical trends. Emphasis has been on urban architecture in Kenya. The paper established that vernacular heritage has only been haphazardly conserved, with no clear management, documentation and preservation policies. The paper found that no resources are specifically set aside for the conservation of these heritages. The theoretical analysis concludes that vernacular architecture in Kenya has been neglected and exposed to deterioration. It also points out that the level of public sensitisation on the heritage is low and its conservation and management needs have been ignored. The study, therefore, recommends public sensitisation, preventive and interventive conservation and appropriate policies to save the heritage from imminent loss. It further suggests that detailed documentation of vernacular building materials and technology should be undertaken as a matter of urgency.

PSYCHOLOGY, AWARENESS OF THE ETHNIC GROUPS IN NEW RURAL CONSTRUCTION IN ETHNIC MINORITY AND MOUNTAINOUS AREAS TODAY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duy Dung
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Target Program ◽  
Rural Construction ◽  
New Rural Construction

New rural construction is one of the key tasks identified by the Party and State as the national target program until 2020. Many documents of the Party and the State have been issued expressing political will to implement the tasks of building new rural areas, over 6 years of implementation, the National Target Program for new rural construction has achieved certain achievements, the appearance of rural areas of ethnic minorities and mountainous areas has gradually changed dramatically, contributing significantly to promoting socio-economic and cultural development. Many provinces and cities throughout the whole country have built some new rural models that meet nineteen criterias and arrive on time.

An Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Study of Giardia lamblia in Anbar Province – Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Suad Shallal Shahatha
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Teucrium Polium L ◽  
Therapeutic Study

This study was carried out to investigate the epidemiology of Giardia lamblia parasites in patients who visited some of the hospitals in Anbar province, which included (Fallujah Teaching Hospital, Ramadi Teaching Hospital, Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Women and Children and Hit Hospital) during by examining 864 stool samples in a direct examination method, The results revealed the infection rate was 41.7 % and the percentage of infection among males 47.8% is higher than that of females 35.4% with significant differences (p≤0.05). The age groups (1-9) years recorded the highest rates 55.4% and the lowest rate 13.6% in the age group (40-49) years. The highest rate of infection was 62.5% during the month of June, while the month of October was the lowest rate 5% and significant differences. The incidence rate in rural areas was 50.6% higher than in the urban areas 32.5%. The study also included the effect of Teucrium polium L. on the parasite in the culture media HSP-1, the concentrations of 0.5-3 mg / mL significantly affected Giardia, it was noted whenever the greater the concentration, the greater the effect during different treatment periods (1-4) days, as the highest concentration 3 mg/ml killed all Giardia parasites on the fourth day of treatment.

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