scholarly journals Anorectic Effect, Biochemical and Hematological Profiles of Alkaloid Extract from Mitragyna speciosa Korth. in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-790
Author(s):  
EKKASIT KUMARNSIT ◽  
NIWAT KEAWPRADUB ◽  
NARUMON SENGNON ◽  
JURAITHIP WUNGSINTAWEEKUL ◽  
DANIA CHEAHA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Rewarding Effect ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Pathway Activation ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

There is an on-going debate about medicinal use of kratom plant (Mitragyna speciosa (MS)) on whether it has beneficial or adverse effects. This study aimed to examine long-term weight-reducing effects, toxicity, and dopamine pathway activation of MS alkaloid extract on adult male Wistar rats. In anorexic study, the rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 10), receiving intragastric administration once a day for 19 weeks as control (distilled water), chronic (20 mg/kg MS alkaloid extract) and withdrawal (20 mg/kg MS alkaloid extract for week 1-12 and distilled water for week 13-19) groups. Body weights were measured daily, and blood samples were collected at the end of study for biochemical and hematological tests. In immunohistochemistry, the effects of the extract (40 and 80 mg/kg) on the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and striatum (STr) were determined by using Fos-like immunoreactivity. From week 2 to 19, the results showed a significant reduction in body weight gain produced by the extract. Cessation of the treatment at week 12 did not result in a rebound weight gain. Chronic MS alkaloid extract treatment significantly decreased non-fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). However, elevated SGOT may suggest possible hepatotoxicity. Chronic MSalkaloid extract treatment also produced baseline levels for most of the hematological parameters except a decrease of monocyte. In immunohistochemistry, the acute treatment did not induce Fos-like immunoreactivity in the NAc and STr.These data demonstrated the beneficial effects of the MS alkaloid extract for possible treatment of metabolic syndromes without toxicity and rewarding effect.

scholarly journals Eicosapentaenoic acid actions on adiposity and insulin resistance in control and high-fat-fed rats: role of apoptosis, adiponectin and tumour necrosis factor-α

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Pérez-Matute ◽  
Nerea Pérez-Echarri ◽  
J. Alfredo Martínez ◽  
Amelia Marti ◽  
María J. Moreno-Aliaga
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Beneficial Effects

n-3 PUFA have shown potential anti-obesity and insulin-sensitising properties. However, the mechanisms involved are not clearly established. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of EPA administration, one of the n-3 PUFA, on body-weight gain and adiposity in rats fed on a standard or a high-fat (cafeteria) diet. The actions on white adipose tissue lipolysis, apoptosis and on several genes related to obesity and insulin resistance were also studied. Control and cafeteria-induced overweight male Wistar rats were assigned into two subgroups, one of them daily received EPA ethyl ester (1 g/kg) for 5 weeks by oral administration. The high-fat diet induced a very significant increase in both body weight and fat mass. Rats fed with the cafeteria diet and orally treated with EPA showed a marginally lower body-weight gain (P = 0·09), a decrease in food intake (P < 0·01) and an increase in leptin production (P < 0·05). EPA administration reduced retroperitoneal adipose tissue weight (P < 0·05) which could be secondary to the inhibition of the adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ gene expression (P < 0·001), and also to the increase in apoptosis (P < 0·05) found in rats fed with a control diet. TNFα gene expression was significantly increased (P < 0·05) by the cafeteria diet, while EPA treatment was able to prevent (P < 0·01) the rise in this inflammatory cytokine. Adiposity-corrected adiponectin plasma levels were increased by EPA. These actions on both TNFα and adiponectin could explain the beneficial effects of EPA on insulin resistance induced by the cafeteria diet.

Body Weight Gain Blunts Brain Beneficial Effects Of Physical Training In Old Apoe-/- Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 672-673
Author(s):  
Vincent Pialoux ◽  
Di Cataldo Vanessa ◽  
Erica N. Chirico ◽  
Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals Effects of supplemental phytase on performance and tibia ash of broilers fed different cereals based diets

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 542-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pintar ◽  
B. Homen ◽  
K. Gazić ◽  
D. Grbeša ◽  
M. Sikirić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tibia Ash

A 21-day experiment with day-old broilers was conducted in order to assess the effect of phytase supplementation to different cereals-soybean meal based diets on broiler performance and tibia ash. Diets were formulated to contain 4 different cereals (maize, wheat, triticale and barley), 2 levels of dietary calcium (0.6 and 1.0%) and 3 levels of supplemental phytase (0, 500 and 1 000 PU/kg). Supplemented phytase had beneficial effects on broiler performance. It significantly increased body weight gain (P &lt; 0.0003) and feed consumption (P &lt; 0.0361) by 6 and 7% in comparison with the control groups, respectively. No influence on feed conversion ratio and tibia ash was detected. Both body weight gain and feed intake were also significantly influenced by different cereals (P &lt; 0.0001 and 0.0348, respectively). The increasing dietary calcium level resulted in a significant increase in body weight gain (P &lt; 0.0024) and tibia ash (P &lt; 0.0016). Effects of 500 and 1 000 PU/kg were not statistically different between themselves. &nbsp;

Evaluation of the effectiveness of ironcontaining drugs in the complex therapy of antenatal hypotrophy of piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
R. V. Rogov ◽  
◽  
Zh. Yu. Muradyan ◽  
I. G. Ryazanov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Experimental Group

In the conditions of the pig breeding complex, the effectiveness of two treatment regimens for antenatal hypotrophy of piglets was studied. Two groups of piglets were formed, where the ironcontaining drug «Ursoferran – 200» was used in complex therapy in the 1st experimental group, and «Ferropen-200»in the 2nd experimental group. In a clinical study, hypotrophic piglets showed characteristic symptoms of the disease. In the experiment, the live weight of piglets was measured at the time of farrowing and on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days of life. The hematological parameters were studied. The most pronounced therapeutic effect was observed in the 1st experimental group, where the body weight gain was higher by 8,3% than in the 2nd experimental group.

Emblica officinalis – Anti-obesity activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iram Nazish ◽  
Shahid H Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Emblica Officinalis ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Abstract Context Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (family-Phyllanthaceae) fruits, known commonly as amla, is extensively used in Indian traditional system of medicine for the treatment of various disorders. The ethanolic E. officinalis extract is reported to have various activity such as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity in experimental animals. Objective To evaluate anti-obesity effect of aqueous E. officinalis extract in murine model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Materials and methods Male Wistar rats fed with HFD (20 g/day/rat, p.o) for a period of 42 days were used to induce obesity. Aqueous E. officinalis extract (20 mg/kg bw) administered orally to HFD-fed rats from day 8 to 50 days for a period of 42 days. Body weight gain, serum lipids, insulin and leptin parameters were measured. Results Oral feeding of the aqueous E. officinalis extract (20 mg/kg) to HFD-induced obese rats for a period of 42 days resulted in significant reduction in body weight gain, insulin, leptin, lipids as compared to rats fed HFD alone. Further, the extract also showed significant increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels. Discussion and conclusions These results show that aqueous E. officinalis extract possess significant anti-obesity potential.

Ascorbigen — Rifabutin Toxicity Modifier

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
E. R. Pereverzeva ◽  
M. I. Treshchalin ◽  
I. D. Treshchalin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Toxicity ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Hematological Toxicity ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Relevance. Indications for rifabutin use are constantly expanding. It is used in the treatment of extremely complex nosological forms of infectious diseases. However, side effects of the medication, such as gastrointestinal toxicity and myelosuppression, in many cases do not allow the completion of treatment and weaken the patient-s adherence to therapy. This determines the need to find means to reduce the toxic properties of rifabutin.Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of correction of gastrointestinal and hematological toxicity of rifabutin with ascorbigen.Material and Methods. The study was performed in male Wistar rats. The drugs were administered per os at therapeutic doses (50 mg/kg daily for 15 days). Ascorbigen was administered 30 minutes before rifabutin. Body weight dynamics, hematological parameters, blood biochemical parameters, electrocardiography, and urinalysis were performed for all animals during the study. Five animals in each group were euthanized on the 1st and 30th days after the end of the treatment course. The internal organs were subjected to histological evaluation.Results. It has been shown that combined treatment with rifabutin and ascorbigen leads to a weakening of the damaging effect of the antibiotic on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract and accelerates the processes of restoration of its structure. Clinically, this is expressed in the normalization of body weight gain of animals. The combined use of rifabutin with ascorbigen reduces the depth of cytopenia. The number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood of the rats was restored faster. There were no signs of atrophy of spleen-s lymphoid tissue. The administration of ascorbigen before rifabutin has a protective effect on the tissues of the kidneys and testes.Conclusion. Oral administration of ascorbigen 30 minutes before rifabutin significantly reduces the gastrointestinal toxicity and hematotoxicity of rifabutin and prevents the development of spermatogenesis disorders. This allows us to recommend it for combined use in order to improve tolerance to anti-TB treatment.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus Brevis OPK-3 from Kimchi Prevents Obesity and Modulates the Expression of Adipogenic and Pro-Inflammatory Genes in Adipose Tissue of Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Eun Park ◽  
Suk-Heung Oh ◽  
Youn-Soo Cha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
High Fat

Our previous study reported that lactic acid bacteria (L. brevis OPK-3) isolated from kimchi ameliorated intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. The current study explored potential roles of L. brevis OPK-3 (KLAB) on preventing body weight gain and its effect on the inflammatory response of adipose tissue. Male C57BL/6 mice (n = 10) were divided into four groups: normal diet with distilled water (NDC), high-fat diet with distilled water (HDC), high-fat diet with L-ornithine (OTC) or high-fat diet with KLAB. The KLAB supplement resulted in significantly lower body weight, lower epididymal fat tissue mass, and lower serum and hepatic TG levels than the HDC. KLAB supplementation improved serum cytokines, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed significantly lower inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels in epididymal adipose tissue. These results suggest that the administration of KLAB inhibits the induction of inflammation in adipose tissue along with the inhibition of weight gain. Therefore, this study demonstrates the therapeutic and beneficial value of this strain produced during the fermentation of kimchi.

scholarly journals Effect of garlic extract on growth performances and hematological parameters of broilers

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Md Shafiqul Islam Khan ◽  
Md Shoaib Prodhan ◽  
Md Shahidul Islam ◽  
Md Nazmul Hasan ◽  
Md Shajadul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Group B

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum) extracts supplementation in drinking water as a growth promoter of broiler chicken. A total of 60 one-day-old male Lohman meat broiler chicks were distributed over two groups of 30 chicks with three replicates of 10 birds. Group B was supplemented with garlic extract from water and Group A kept as a control. Weekly observations were recorded for live body weight gain up to 4th weeks and hematological tests were performed at 30th days. Live weight and weight gain of the treatment group were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the control group. Significant (p<0.05) higher values also observed in terms of weight of heart, liver, spleen, and pancreas for the treatment group. The value of TEC and PVC of treatment group showed significant (p<0.05) differences. The results suggest that better growth performance could be achieved in broilers with feed supplemented with garlic extract.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2017, 3(3): 317-322

Ameliorative effect of quercetin, catechin, and taxifolin on rotenone-induced testicular and splenic weight gain and oxidative stress in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afolabi C. Akinmoladun ◽  
Oluwabunmi O. Olaniyan ◽  
Courage D. Famusiwa ◽  
Sunday S. Josiah ◽  
M. Tolulope Olaleye
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

AbstractBackgroundThe physiological functions of the testis and spleen can be affected through several cellular and molecular mechanisms such as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes oxidative stress. This study aimed at investigating the protective effect of catechin, quercetin, and taxifolin in rotenone-induced testicular and splenetic toxicity.MethodsMale Wistar rats were administered with 1.5 mg/kg rotenone (s.c.) for 10 days followed by post-treatment with catechin (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg), quercetin (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg), and taxifolin (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/kg) for 3 days (s.c.), followed by estimation of biochemical markers of oxidative stress, inflammatory activities, and tissue damage in testes and spleen.ResultsExposure of rats to rotenone caused reduced body weight gain, increased organ weight, decreased glutathione level and activities of glutathione transferase and superoxide dismutase, enhanced lipid peroxidation, and increased activities of prooxidant/proinflammatory enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase, which were mitigated by post-treatment with flavonoids. In general, quercetin and taxifolin showed better activity than catechin.ConclusionsCatechin, quercetin, and taxifolin ameliorated rotenone-induced weight disturbances and oxidative damage in rats, indicating their potential relevance in toxicant and pesticide-induced tissue injury.

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