Fatores de Risco e Proteção para a Prática do Ato Infracional: Percepção do Adolescente e da Família

2018 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Michelly Do Rocio Dellecave ◽  
Camila Suellen Barboza ◽  
Paula Almeida Calderon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
The Media

A violência tem sido alvo de atenção por estar sendo vinculada com frequência às mídias, mas atualmente se vê um número cada vez mais preocupante de adolescentes envolvidos com a criminalidade. Essa pesquisa pretende investigar a percepção de adolescentes em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa em meio aberto e suas famílias sobre os fatores de risco e proteção para a prática do ato infracional. A pesquisa foi realizada no Centro de Referência Especializado em Assistência Social – CREAS, no serviço de medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto de um município da região do Vale do Itajaí-SC. Participaram da pesquisa dez sujeitos, sendo cinco adolescentes, que cumprem medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto e cinco familiares destes adolescentes. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista semiestruturada, sendo as entrevistas realizadas, individualmente, com os adolescentes e, posteriormente, com os familiares. Os dados foram gravados, transcritos e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os atos infracionais cometidos pelos adolescentes foram roubo, pichação de patrimônio público, posse de dinheiro falso e tráfico de drogas, e todos estavam cumprindo a medida socioeducativa de prestação de serviço a comunidade (PSC). Os resultados apontaram que os fatores de risco predominantes, na percepção dos entrevistados, são as amizades, conflitos familiares e questões relacionadas com a evasão e a baixa frequência escolar, enquanto os fatores de proteção são o diálogo e o relacionamento familiar e projeto de vida.Palavras-chave: Ato Infracional. Fatores de Risco. Fatores de Proteção. Família. Adolescentes.Abstract Violence has been the focus of attention because it is often linked to the media, but today we see an increasing number of teenagers involved in crime. This research intends to investigate the teenagers’ perception in compliance with socio-educational measures in open environments and their families on the risk factors and protection for the infraction practice. The research was carried out in the “Centro de Referência Especializado em Assistência Social - CREAS,” in the service of socio-educational measures in the open environment of a municipality in the region of Vale do Itajaí-SC. Ten subjects participated in the study, five of which were adolescents who met socioeducative measures in the open environment and five family members of these adolescents. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview, with interviews conducted individually with the adolescents and later with the relatives. Data were recorded, transcribed and analyzed through content analysis. The infractions committed by adolescents were robbery, graffiti of public patrimony, possession of counterfeit money and drug trafficking, and all were complying with the socio-educational measures of community service. The results indicated that the predominant risk factors in the interviewees’ perception are the friendships, family conflicts and issues related to avoidance and low school attendance, while the protection factors are the dialogue and family relationship and life project.Keywords: Infractional Act. Risk Factors. Protection Factors. Family. Teenagers.

The Experiences and Perspectives of African-Australian Community Service Providers Who Work with At-Risk and Justice-Involved Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110226
Author(s):  
Stephane Shepherd ◽  
Aisling Bailey ◽  
Godwin Masuka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Australian Community

African-Australian young people are over-represented in custody in the state of Victoria. It has been recognized in recent government and stakeholder strategic plans that African-Australian community service providers are well placed to help address the increasing complex needs of at-risk African-Australian youth. However little is known about the capacities of such providers to effectively contend with this growing social concern. In response, this study aimed to explore the perspectives and operational (service delivery and governance) experiences of African-Australian community organizations which provide services to at-risk young people in Victoria. Through a series of in-depth interviews with the leadership of eight key African-Australian service providers, we aimed to identify their perceived strengths, obstacles faced and proposed strategies to realize key objectives. Perspectives on key risk factors for young African-Australian justice system contact were also gathered. Several themes were extracted from the interviews, specifically (i) Risk factors for African-Australian youth justice-involvement (school disengagement, peer delinquency, family breakdown, intergenerational discord, perceived social rejection), (ii) The limitations of mainstream institutions to reduce African-Australian youth justice-involvement (too compliance focused, inflexible, business rather than human-centered, disconnected from communities and families), (iii) The advantages of African-Australian community service providers when working with African-Australian youth (community credibility, client trust, flexibility, culturally responsive), (iv) The challenges faced by African-Australian service providers (lack of funding/resources, professional staff shortages, infrastructural/governance limitations), and (v) “What works” in service provision for at-risk African-Australians (client involvement in program design, African staff representation, extensive structured programming matched with client aspirations, prioritizing relationship building, persistent outreach, mental health and legal literacy for clients and families). Implications for service delivery and social policy are discussed within.

scholarly journals “As quiet as a mouse”: Media use in Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (s1) ◽  
pp. 893-911
Author(s):  
Ilgar Seyidov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Media System ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One

AbstractDuring the Soviet period, the media served as one of the main propagandist tools of the authoritarian regime, using a standardized and monotype media system across the Soviet Republics. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, 15 countries became independent. The transition from Soviet communism to capitalism has led to the reconstruction of economic, socio-cultural, and political systems. One of the most affected institutions in post-Soviet countries was the media. Media have played a supportive role during rough times, when there was, on the one hand, the struggle for liberation and sovereignty, and, on the other hand, the need for nation building. It has been almost 30 years since the Soviet Republics achieved independence, yet the media have not been freed from political control and continue to serve as ideological apparatuses of authoritarian regimes in post-Soviet countries. Freedom of speech and independent media are still under threat. The current study focuses on media use in Azerbaijan, one of the under-researched post-Soviet countries. The interviews for this study were conducted with 40 participants living in Nakhichevan and Baku. In-depth, semi-structured interview techniques were used as research method. Findings are discussed under six main themes in the conclusion.

scholarly journals Drug use and risk factors among secondary students

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Jordán Jinez ◽  
José Roberto Molina de Souza ◽  
Sandra Cristina Pillon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Experimental Use

Adolescence is a phase of exposure to several risk behaviors, especially the experimental use of drugs and its associated problems. The study aims to identify risk factors and drug use among secondary students in Comonfort, Guanajuato, Mexico. This is a cross-sectional study, using a version of the Drug User Screening Inventory (DUSI) adapted from Portuguese to Spanish. The sample was composed of 695 (42.9%) students, 52.8% women. Drug use was present in 20.3%, predominantly alcohol and tobacco. Risk factors are related to the male gender, older than 13 years, second and third grades, living with relatives, poor relationships, curiosity, family conflicts, peer pressure and solidarity. CONCLUSION: alcohol and tobacco are the most used drugs and are associated to curiosity and peer pressure.

Undue influence of weight and shape: is it distinct from body dissatisfaction and concern about weight and shape?

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Wade ◽  
G. Zhu ◽  
N. G. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion

BackgroundThree cognitive constructs are risk factors for eating disorders: undue influence of weight and shape, concern about weight and shape, and body dissatisfaction (BD). Undue influence, a diagnostic criterion for eating disorders, is postulated to be closely associated with self-esteem whereas BD is postulated to be closely associated with body mass index (BMI). We understand less about the relationships with concern about weight and shape. The aim of the current investigation was examine the degree of overlap across these five phenotypes in terms of latent genetic and environmental risk factors in order to draw some conclusions about the similarities and differences across the three cognitive variables.MethodA sample of female Australian twins (n=1056, including 348 complete pairs), mean age 35 years (s.d.=2.11, range 28–40), completed a semi-structured interview about eating pathology and self-report questionnaires. An independent pathways model was used to investigate the overlap of genetic and environmental risk factors for the five phenotypes.ResultsIn terms of variance that was not shared with other phenotypes, self-esteem emerged as being separate, with 100% of its variance unshared with the other phenotypes, followed by undue influence (51%) and then concern (34%), BD (28%) and BMI (32%).ConclusionsIn terms of shared genetic risk, undue influence and concern were more closely related than BD, whereas BMI and BD were found to share common sources of risk. With respect to environmental risk factors, concern, BMI and BD were more closely related to each other than to undue influence.

scholarly journals Suicide prevention: A study of patients' views

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Eagles ◽  
Dawn P. Carson ◽  
Annabel Begg ◽  
Simon A. Naji
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Service Models ◽  
The Media

BackgroundSuicide prevention strategies are usually formulated without seeking the views of people with psychiatric illnesses.AimsTo establish what helped patients with severe psychiatric illness when they felt suicidal.MethodA semi-structured interview was constructed following transcribed interviews with 12 patients. This was administered to 59 out-patients with serious and enduring mental illness, focusing on factors they found helpful or unhelpful when at their most despairing.ResultsThree-quarters of patients were in contact with psychiatric services when feeling at their lowest, and this contact was generally deemed to be helpful. Social networks were considered just as helpful as psychiatric services by the half of patients who discussed their feelings with friends or relatives. Religious beliefs and affiliations were helpful. Negative influences included the media and the stigma of psychiatric illness.ConclusionsEfforts at suicide prevention might usefully focus on enhancing patients' social networks, increasing the likelihood of early contact with psychiatric services and decreasing the stigma attached to psychiatric illness. Larger studies of patients exposed to different service models would be informative.

scholarly journals Joint modelling of correlated binary outcomes regarding the misconceptions of HIV transmission: a study with reference to the tertiary and vocational education trainees in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2950
Author(s):  
Thilini Samarakoon ◽  
Niroshan Withanage ◽  
Nimalakith Samarakoon ◽  
Upul Lekamge ◽  
Nadesha De Silva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Binary Outcomes ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Level Of Education

Background: Currently, people infected with HIV are largely discriminated and discredited. Misunderstanding about the mechanism of HIV transmission has been identified as one reason for discrimination. This study assessed the socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors of the two misconceptions about HIV transmission, namely HIV is transmitted by sharing cups and plates with an HIV infected person (Myth 1) and HIV is transmitted by mosquito bites (Myth 2) among the trainees who were selected to the Tertiary and Vocational Education Training (TVET) Centers in Sri Lanka.Methods: This study applied stratified random sampling to select 955 respondents. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) approach was applied to find the associations between misconceptions about HIV and socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors of the trainees.Results: Level of education of trainees, family relationship, knowledge on sexual and reproductive health (SRH), knowledge about the risk of getting HIV after sexual intercourse, whether the trainee had participated in seminar or workshop on sexually transmitted diseases were identified as the possible factors to detect the knowledge about the misconceptions of HIV transmission.Conclusions: Even though the level of education among different social segments have not revealed remarkable differences in knowledge, the study convinced that the youth should be provided better awareness and education on STD and HIV through countrywide workshops and awareness programmes.

scholarly journals Middle-aged Australians’ perceptions of support to reduce lifestyle risk factors: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Christine Ashley ◽  
Elizabeth Halcomb ◽  
Susan McInnes ◽  
Karin Robinson ◽  
Elizabeth Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Reduction

Increasingly, middle-aged people are demonstrating lifestyle risk factors that increase their risk of developing chronic disease. Reducing lifestyle risk in middle age can significantly reduce future morbidity and mortality and improve quality of life. Understanding peoples’ perceptions of health support is important to inform health professionals and policymakers regarding strategies to support lifestyle risk reduction. This paper seeks to explore middle-aged Australians’ perceptions of support for lifestyle risk reduction. Thirty-four middle-aged Australians were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The overarching theme ‘support for healthy lifestyles’ comprised three subthemes. ‘Engagement with general practice’ highlighted gender differences in why people attend and what impacts their access to general practice. ‘Providing information’ emphasised participants’ experiences of lifestyle risk communication in general practice. Finally, ‘Sources of support’ revealed participants’ current health advice-seeking behaviours. Findings highlight a need for general practices to better engage middle-aged people in behaviour change and educate them about the role of general practice in prevention and health promotion. Consistent messaging across the community and strategies that focus on gender-specific concerns are likely to ensure that middle-aged people are able to make informed choices about seeking support for lifestyle risk reduction.

scholarly journals Membudayakan Keterampilan Menulis pada Mading Kelas untuk Melatih Kreativitas Siswa

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
Arnelia Dwi Yasa ◽  
Denna Delawanti Chrisyarani
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Bulletin Board ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Average Value ◽  
High Effect ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Media ◽  
Reading Culture

Writing is an inseparable activity from everyday human life. Writing skills can be fostered from diligent reading. One of the reading media as well as the media for pouring student work is mading. Mading is a vehicle for applying students' abilities, especially in the field of writing. MI Manbaul Ulum Karangduren is a school located in Malang Regency. The school does not yet have a class bulletin board containing student work. Thus, the opportunity for students to develop their creativity in writing is hampered. Efforts are needed to improve writing skills for students to build a reading culture. One way is to publish bulletin as a teaching aid and coaching. Through bulletin board, it is hoped that students can have creativity in writing. The results of community service activities show that students' writing skills have improved. The average value of N-Gain Creativity Test scores 0.73 in the high category. This shows the level of effectiveness of the treatment has a high effect on the post test.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN WEBSITE SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI HOME INDUSTRY PADA TIM PENGGERAK PKK

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Realize Realize ◽  
Tukino Tukino
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
Household Products ◽  
Main Target ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Almost All

Home industry production results are only traditionally managed as promoted by word of mouth, and sometimes rely solely on the number of visitors to the sales place of the product, so the product takes a long time to increase sales volume. Now with capitalize a set of computers or smartphones that have been equipped with the Internet network can be used as a tool or media to publish all activities / promotional activities undertaken by the domestic business actors. In this activity, business activists will be given material about what the website, especially weblog and its benefits, how to make it, and how to use and manage it properly to support and improve the ability in promoting the product. This is not without reason, because almost all citizens who already have a household business is less understand the use of the internet let alone use the Internet media as one of the media to promote household products that they produce. The main target in the implementation of community service activities is to improve the ability of the community in the utilization of the Internet as a powerful medium as a partner of the government in moving the economic factors.

scholarly journals Upaya Pengendalian Faktor Resiko PTM (Penyakit Tidak Menular)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Purwati Purwati ◽  
Alfi Noviyana ◽  
Dea Roudhotul
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The Public

Problems in general in Banyumas district related to non-regular diseases are: lack of health education, lack of knowledge and skills of cadres, lack of community support, and low visits by elderly / target groups. Posbindu in Pamijen village is implemented with integrated posyandu activities for toddlers where the activities are still limited to monitoring blood pressure and treating minor illnesses, while counseling activities from health workers are rarely carried out. This condition has made the mothers of the Asyiyah Pamijen branch not yet moved to join Posbindu. Apart from that, the Posbindu cadres were not ready and skilled. The method of solving problems implemented in this community service is by providing IEC (Communication, Information and Education) in the form of material about Non-Communicable Diseases (PTM) and risk factors and efforts to control PTM risk factors. PTM activities in Pamijen village involve Aisyiyah's organization as an organization that is active in the community to follow up on the Ministry of Health program so that the program can run as expected. The follow-up of this activity is carried out at the Posbindu activity in Pamijen village which is carried out routinely every 1 month. There is an increase in knowledge about PTM in Aisyiyah cadres in Pamijen village so that Aisyiyah cadres can recognize PTM on their own and educate the public to recognize PTM.

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