scholarly journals An epidemiological study of type-2 diabetes mellitus in an adopted urban slum area

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4522
Author(s):  
Vishwanath G. R. ◽  
Tejaswini V. Sangrulkar ◽  
Shrarma S. K. ◽  
Praveen Patil
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common non-communicable diseases globally and there is evidence that it is a epidemic in many developing and developed countries, thus posing a serious threat to be met within the 21st century. Diabetes mellitus, a chronic disease once thought to be uncommon in the developing countries, has emerged as one of the public health problem. Therefore, establishing the predominant risk factors and the distribution of these in a given population are of high importance for designing and implementing targeted interventions to halt and reverse the future prospects. Since the factors responsible for diabetes had not so far received much attention, it is aimed to show epidemiological profile of the disease in general and keeping this in mind this study has taken.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out upon adults aged more than 30 years in the adopted community of Urban Health centre of Community Medicine Department, Government Medical College, Miraj (1st January-31st December, 2015).Results: The overall prevalence of diabetes was 21.7%, out of this (12.3%) were known diabetic and (9.4%) were new diabetic cases among study. A very highly significant association was observed between diabetes and Habits. The association between diabetes and BMI was very highly significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: Very highly significant association was found between age, family history, personal history, body mass index, waist circumference, waist: hip circumference and diabetic status. 

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients in Moshi Municipal Council, Kilimanjaro Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Patrick L. Mabula ◽  
Kelly I. Kazinyingi ◽  
Edwin Christian Chavala ◽  
Victor Mosha ◽  
Sia E. Msuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Municipal Council ◽  
Tb Treatment

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a worldwide public health problem and its prevalence has been rising rapidly in low and middle income countries (LMICs) including Tanzania. According to WHO report 2015, DM is ranked number six as a leading cause of death worldwide. Strong evidence suggests that DM may be associated with Tuberculosis (TB) and could affect TB treatment outcomes. Tanzania is among the 22 countries that have a high burden of TB and currently facing increased epidemic of DM. The increasing diabetes prevalence may be a threat to TB control and counteract strategies to end TB by 2030 as proposed by WHO. Objective: To determine proportion of TB patients who are co-infected with DM in Moshi municipal council, Kilimanjaro Tanzania. Methodology: This study was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted in April to July 2018 at 4 health facilities; Mawenzi Regional Referral hospital, St. Joseph District Designated hospital, Pasua Health center and Majengo Health centre in Moshi municipal. The study included adults aged 18 years and above attending either of the 4 health facilities for TB care. The study included newly diagnosed and those who were on TB treatment. Interviews were conducted followed by blood glucose testing. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS Results: A total of 153 TB patients were enrolled, their mean age was 42.5 (±14.75) years and 46 (30.1%) were females. The prevalence of DM among TB patients in this study was 9.2%. Factors associated with TB-DM comorbidity were: age (OR 4.43, 95% CI: 1.18-16.55), HIV status (OR 3.88, 95% CI: 1.06-14.11), and family history of DM (OR 6.50, 95% CI 0.67-25.56). Conclusion: One in ten patients with TB had confirmed DM. There is a need for future studies to assess if DM influences TB treatment and outcomes in this setting.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices about diabetes mellitus and its complications in T2DM patients attending the UHC in Mumbai

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2793
Author(s):  
Rufiat Nasiruddin Kazi ◽  
Mangala M. Bote ◽  
Kedar J. Raikar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Urban Health Centre ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Diabetes Mellitus has become a major public health problem in India and also the major cause of disability through complications such as blindness, renal failure, lower limb gangrene etc. People suffering from Diabetes related complications are many times unaware about the measures to curb the onset of the complications. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practices about diabetes and its complications in the diabetic patientsMethods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted at an Urban Health Centre attached to the parent medical college in Mumbai. The knowledge, attitude and practices of the 116 participants who were registered at the non-communicable disease (NCD) OPD were assessed via a pre-designed, pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis used: SPSS version 20.Results: Majority belonged the age groups of 40-60 years (69%), 63.8% were women, 91.4% were married and 44.4% were illiterate. 13.8% of the respondents had correct knowledge about the causes of diabetes and 62.9% could correctly identify the symptoms of diabetes. Knowledge regarding the complications in diabetics was found to be quite low with only 52.6% correctly identifying one or more complications. The most commonly known complication was neuropathy (83.6%) followed by nephropathy (57.3%). The attitude of the patients with respect to screening of complications was found to be poor and the same reflected in their practicesConclusions: There is a lack of understanding of the basics of the disease, its prevention as well as prevention of complications in those suffering from the disease. 

scholarly journals Association of risk factors with diabetes mellitus in rural population RHTC Peeplikhera, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, North India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2276
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Rijul Ranjan ◽  
Neha Shukla ◽  
Amardeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Diabetic Population

Background: Diabetes is the serious public health problem in all the countries but majorly in developing countries. The prevalence of diabetes is showing an upward trend in most countries. The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly rising in rural population. Also there is paucity of data regarding diabetes mellitus in rural Meerut. Aim and objective was to study the associated factors with diabetic population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in diabetic population of 20 years and above who visited the OPD of RHTC Peeplikhera, Mulayam Singh Yadav Medical College, Meerut, fasting blood sugar was done to estimate the diabetes.Results: The prevalence of diabetes was found to be significantly associated with increasing age, family history and body mass index.Conclusions: The diabetes mellitus is a significant health problem after 40 years of age in rural population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of non-communicable diseases by age, gender and nationality in publicly funded primary care settings in Qatar

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A Syed ◽  
Ahmed S Alnuaimi ◽  
Abdul Jaleel Zainel ◽  
Hamda A A/Qotba
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Targeted Interventions

BackgroundIn Qatar, as with other countries, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been the leading cause of death. This study aims to describe the prevalence of four NCDs clusters (cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease), cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM)) by age, gender and nationality (Qataris and non-Qataris) accessing publicly funded primary care services to inform healthcare planning and strategies.MethodsCross-sectional study design was used. Data for individuals aged ≥18 and who visited a publicly funded primary health centre in Qatar during 2017 were extracted from electronic medical records and analysed.ResultsThe findings showed that approximately 16.2 % of the study population (N = 68 421) had one or more of the four NCDs. The prevalence of NCDs showed an increasing trend with increasing age. Highest increases in the prevalence of NCDs were seen in a relatively young age group (30–49 years). The prevalence of all NCDs except cancers was higher in men. Prevalence rates of CHD and cancers in the study were found to be similar in both Qataris and non-Qataris; however, COPD and T2DM rates were higher in Qataris compared with non-Qataris. T2DM accounted for the highest prevalence of any NCD among both Qataris (230/1000) and non-Qataris (183/1000).ConclusionsAlthough not comprehensive and nationally representative, this study is suggestive of a higher prevalence of NCDs among a younger population, men and in Qatari, Western Asian, Southern Asian, Sub-Saharan Africans, South-Eastern Asians Northern African and Western European nationalities. Prevention, treatment and control of NCDs and their risk factors are a public health problem in Qatar, and resources need to be invested towards targeted interventions with a multisectoral approach.

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Renais Crônicos em Tratamento Conservador em um Hospital Escola do Sul de Minas/ Epidemiological Profile of Chronic Renal Failure Patients on Conservative Treatment in a Hospital in Southern School of Minas

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Camila Dorilêo Negretti ◽  
Pablo Girardeli Mendonça Mesquita ◽  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Keywords Epidemiology ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Grade Iii

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento conservador no ambulatório do Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, de abordagem quantitativa. Realizado com 171 pacientes atendidos em tratamento conservador no ambulatório de nefrologia no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013. A coleta objetivou caracterizar idade, sexo, raça, estado civil e procedência. Também foram avaliados dados do primeiro atendimento como: valores de ureia e creatinina, o grau de DRC, a etiologia e o número de retorno. Resultados: Dos doentes renais crônicos avaliados, 50,3% eram do sexo masculino, 88% da raça branca, 54,4% casados e a maioria (70,8%) possuía faixa etária prevalente >60 anos. A maioria dos atendidos, 98,5% pertence a microrregião de referência. Quanto a dados de primeira consulta, o diabetes mellitus foi a principal etiologia (38%). Os valores de ureia e creatinina acima da referência preconizada foi observado na maioria dos pacientes e o grau III de DRC em 31% dos casos. O número médio de retornos após a primeira consulta foi de três retornos em 25,13% dos pacientes. Conclusão: A pesquisa permitiu o conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico dos portadores de DRC em tratamento conservador. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de implementação de políticas voltadas para promoção e prevenção à saúde com divulgação de mais programas de controle para minimizar o surgimento de novos casos da DRC. Palavras-chave: Epidemiologia. Doença Renal Crônica. Tratamento. ABSTRACT.Objective: Determine the epidemiological profile of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on conservative treatment at the Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. It was conducted with 171 patients who were treated in conservative treatment at the nephrology clinic from January 2012 to December 2013. The collection aimed to characterize age, sex, race, marital status and origin. We also evaluated data from the first service as: urea and creatinine values, the degree of CKD the etiology and the number of return. Results: Among the chronic renal patients evaluated, 50.3% were male, 88% Caucasian, 54.4% were married and the majority (70.8%) was the most prevalent age group> 60 years. Most of the patients 98.5% belong to micro region of reference. As the first appointment data, diabetes mellitus was the major cause (38%). The urea and creatinine values above the recommended reference was observed in the majority of patients and the DRC grade III in 31% of cases. The average number of returns after the fisrt visit was three return in 25.13% of patients. Conclusion: The research gave us the knowledge of the epidemiological profile of patients with CKD on dialysis. The findings reinforce the need to implement policies for health promotion and prevention with more disclosure of control programs to minimize the appearance of new cases of CKD. Keywords: Epidemiology. Chronic Kidney Disease.Treatment.

scholarly journals THE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Inaniya ◽  
B S Meena ◽  
Mohan Lal Meena ◽  
Aparna Sharma ◽  
Shalini Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The present study aimed to study the demographic profile women with gestational diabetes mellitus Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur. Results: Mean age of patients was 27.68 ± 4.4 Yrs. Most of the study subjects in GDM group (54.7%) were Hindu. Study subjects in GDM group were almost equally from rural (50.7%).Most of the study subjects in both GDM group (88%) were housewives. Habit of smoking was found in only 6.7% females in GDM group. Habit of alcohol was found in 4% females in GDM group. Family history of diabetes was seen more in females with GDM (17.3%). Conclusion: This study concluded that the socio demographic factors influence the occurrence of GDM. Keywords: GDM, Age, Gravida

scholarly journals Prevalence of anaemia in pregnant and lactating women in rural Vijayapur

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Santosh D. Patil ◽  
Ravindranath A. Bhovi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Haemoglobin Content

Background: Nutritional anaemia is defined as a condition in which the haemoglobin content of the blood is lower than normal as a result of deficiency of one or more essential nutrients. Anaemia is the late manifestation of deficiency of nutrient(s) needed for haemoglobin synthesis. The prevalence of anaemia in developing countries is estimated to be 43% and that of developed countries is 9%. Anaemia is estimated to contribute to more than 115000 maternal deaths and 591000 prenatal deaths globally per year. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of anaemia among the pregnant women and lactating mothers and to explore the associated factors with anaemia.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant and lactating women in Ukkali a rural field practice area Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapur. Criteria for inclusion were pregnant women- current pregnancy of more than 6 months and lactating mother with child aged up to 6 months of age. Estimation of haemoglobin was carried by standard Sahlis pipette method. Anaemia was classified according to WHO grading criteria.Results: The maximum number of pregnant women (85.71%) in the age group of 35-49 years was anaemic followed by those who were in the age group of 20-34 years (61.54%). Prevalence of anaemia was 72 % in women of less than 20 years, whereas it was as high as 80% among lactating women of 35-49 years age group.Conclusions: Anaemia continues to be a problem with the existing health care resources. Socio-economic status, literacy of women and awareness related to health concerns are the major determinants that contribute to the problem of anaemia.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices of Ramadan fasting on health and disease among pregnant Muslim women in urban health centre of a medical college

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Muhammed Muntazeem G. ◽  
Varadaraja Rao B. A. ◽  
Mane Kusum S.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Urban Health Centre

Background: Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan entails abstinence from food, water, smoking and drugs from dawn to sunset. In Islamic religious rule fasting during Ramadan is not mandatory if there is any contraindication such as illness, old age, pregnancy, etc. Many studies have shown that most Muslim women choose to fast during pregnancy because of a sense of religious duty, familial support, positive views on fasting and difficulty in completing the missed fasts at another time.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 124 pregnant Muslim women attending urban health centre for antenatal care during the month of Ramadan at Davanagere city. Data was entered in the Microsoft Excel and presented in the form of frequencies.Results: In this study majority of pregnant women believed that fasting during pregnancy is harmful to mother as well as child. Overall, 80.6% of pregnant women did not observed fasting during pregnancy.Conclusions: In this study majority of the pregnant women did not observed fasting during the month of Ramadan. Health education should be given to all pregnant women and family members regarding adverse effect of fasting on mother and child health.

scholarly journals Study of prevalence of hypertension and its various risk factor in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069
Author(s):  
Narendra M. Uma ◽  
Mahendra C. Parmar ◽  
Siddarth Shah ◽  
Sonal M. Dindod
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Relative Deficiency

Background: Surgical diabetes is syndrome of hyperglycemia and disturbance of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism associated with absolute or relative deficiency of insulin secretions. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension considered as a major medical and public health issues worldwide, and both are important risk factors for both macrovascular and microvascular diseases like coronary artery disease, heart failure and cerebrovascular diseases.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 175 patients coming to Govt. medical college and SSG hospital, Vadodara from 2014 to 2015 having diabetes mellitus were studied and evaluated for hypertension  and its various risk factor like age, obesity.Results: one hundred and twenty-nine (127) out of 175 subjects had hypertension, thus giving a prevalence rate of 73.7% of which 64 males (49.6%) were hypertensive compared with 65 (50.3%) females. Mean age of patients having hypertension with Diabetes Mellitus (case) is 59.87 compare to DM without hypertension (control) was 56.21. Mean BMI in diabetes cases with hypertension was 30.93 while without hypertension was 23.47 suggest obese are more prone to develop hypertension. Waist hip ratio DM with hypertension was 0.96 while was 0.81 in DM without hypertension.Conclusion: Hypertension and its associated risk factor like obesity, dyslipidemia are important risk factor for development of complication in diabetes patients so early detection and intervention measures should be undertaken for aggressive control of  blood pressure control , obesity and it will  likely to offer the greatest promise for reducing the incidence of complications and its associated mortality.

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