scholarly journals The state and main directions of onion crop breeding of FSBSI FSVC

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
L. V. Krivenkov ◽  
A. F. Agafonov ◽  
V. V. Logunova ◽  
T. M. Seredin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
The State ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents information about the research directions, the results of work and achievements in the selection of onion crops in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Vegetable Center". Brief historical information is given about the work of the outstanding scientists who headed the laboratory – V.V. Ordynsky, A.D. Plinka, I. I. Yershov, A.F. Agafonov. At present, new varieties and hybrids of onion crops of domestic selection that meet all the requirements are required for industrial production.The FSBSI FSVC is working on studying the breeding material of onion crops and identifying promising ones with a complex of economically valuable characteristics for creating fundamentally new, competitive varieties and hybrids for various zones of the Russian Federation. Selection of individual types of bows is carried out: onions – for early maturation, consistently high yield, high dry matter content (17-22%), keeping quality, resistance to peronosporosis, cervical and bacterial rot, with a different rate of reaction to the length of the day, for winter and spring crops, in sowing culture – with a cold method of storing sowing, good keeping quality; perennial onions – winter hardiness, high productivity of green mass, high content of biologically active substances and high resistance to diseases; winter garlic – winter hardiness, yield, resistance to fusarium and bacteriosis, keeping quality during storage; spring garlic – high yield of large cloves, high shelf life; shallots –ultra-fast ripeness, high productivity, keeping quality during storage. The results of the long-term work of the FSVC were 140 varieties of 16 types of onion crops of various uses. Modern varieties of onion for industrial cultivation were created and submitted to the State Variety Testing in 2020: F1 Drakon, AFBAK.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and biochemical value of Brassica L. cabbage plants

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Аrtemieva ◽  
A. Е. Solovieva
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Ornamental Crops

Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) is one of the most important metasperms. Kale Brassica includes economically important vegetable, forage, oil-bearing, ornamental crops and it is widespread in the world. This is explained by variety of food organs, high yield, environmental plasticity, different ways of food use and valuable biochemical composition. One of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of vegetables is seen as increasing the number of cultivated vegetables and their varietal diversity. The authors speak about necessity to breed new varieties and hybrids of cabbage crops, not represented in the state register, as well as missing types of varieties in order to expand the range of vegetables. The paper points out that cultivation in the Asian part of Russia requires the varieties and hybrids of all cabbage crops that combine high productivity and complex resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, eco-friendly, high-quality, with a different period of vegetation, including for horticultural use. The authors focus on increasing the nutritional value of vegetables and higher number of biologically active matters for making functional products. It is important and necessary to search within each cabbage for forms that combine productivity, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors when being grown in different environmental and geographical areas with a valuable biochemical composition. This allows to use efficiently cultivated and recommended for cultivation in the Asian part of Russia types and forms of Brassica L. vegetables. It is necessary for dietetic nutrition and raw materials in medical industry. All varieties of cabbage plants are supposed to be significant and reliable basis for improving population health and life expectancy taking into account existing environmental problems in the regions of Asian Russia.

scholarly journals Selection of corn inbred lines, testers, and hybrids adapted to second-crop environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Gomes ◽  
Marcos Ventura Faria ◽  
Jocimar Costa Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
The State ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Corn Inbred ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield performance, adaptability, and stability of corn (Zea mays) topcross hybrids in nine environments in Brazil, in order to select inbred lines, testers, and promising hybrid combinations for these environments in the second crop season. The trials were carried out during the second crop season of 2017, in six sites in the state of Paraná and three in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Sixty-six single-cross hybrids, made up of 33 inbred lines crossed with two testers, were evaluated. The stability of the genotypes was assessed by the Schmidt & Cruz method and by the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) methodology. In addition, the genetic parameters and the general combining ability of the testers were estimated. Tester 2 is the most adapted to discriminate inbred lines in the second-crop environments. Inbred lines 12, 21, 23, and 32 are recommended for obtaining hybrids to be cultivated in the second crop season due to their good adaptability and stability and high yield in the crosses in which they participated. The HS123, HS223, and HS232 hybrids present the best performance and are the most recommended for the second-crop environments.

scholarly journals Penentuan Indeks Seleksi untuk Galur Dihaploid Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan Berdaya Hasil Tinggi

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Miftahur Rizqi Akbar ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko ◽  
Iswari Saraswati Dewi ◽  
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno ◽  
Dan Sugiyanta
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Selection Of

Rainfed rice breeding for high yield is an alternative to increase national rice production. The breeding can beaccelerated using anther culture technique. The selection of high productivity lines may be more effective if it also involvesthe traits contributing to or affecting the yield traits. This study aimed at determining suitable characters as selection criteriaand obtain a selection index model for high yielding doubled haploid rainfed rice lines. The experiment was conductedin a greenhouse of ICABOGRAD, Bogor and Sawah Baru Experimental Station, Bogor Agricultural University using arandomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Thirty doubled haploid lines derived from anther cultureand two check varieties namely Ciherang and Inpari 18 were used. The results showed that plant height (TT), number of filledgrain per panicle (GI), and productivity (PRD) could be used as suitable selection characters. The determination of selectionindex obtained a selection model which was Selection index = 0.48 PRD + 0.31 JGI - 0.31 TT. This model can be used toselect high yielding doubled haploid rainfed rice lines.

scholarly journals Plant characteristics developed by breeding of hybrids F1 "beef" type tomato

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
N. F. Tenkova ◽  
A. E. Eroshevskaya ◽  
A. A. Egorova ◽  
E. V. Titova ◽  
T. A. Tereshonkova
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Commodity Group ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Large Size ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance.Tomato hybrids of the "beef" type are a commodity group characterized by fruits whose mass exceeds 220-240 g. The fruits of this group are distinguished by an attractive aligned shape and color, large size and are in constant demand among consumers. In the assortment of supermarkets and markets, the share of "beef" tomatoes is 10-20% of the total volume. Methods.The results of studying the characteristics of tomato hybrids allowed us to identify the most valuable characteristics for selection in the selection of "beef" tomatoes. Traditionally, we select donor lines for the signs "fruit weight from 200 g and above", "high yield", "disease resistance". For hybrids of professional use, we also evaluate such characteristics as" fruit density", "high uniformity", "ability to form fruits with high uniformity and marketability throughout the growing season". For hybrids and varieties for the hobby market, the most important characteristics are "High taste qualities", "aroma", "high dry matter content". Results. As a result of selections based on these characteristics, such hybrids as Rumyani shar F1, Korallovy rif F1 (which are in demand not only in our country, but also in other countries), Katarina F1 were created. 

ADAPTABILITY OF INTRODUCED HONEYSUCKLE VARIETIES IN THE PRE-URALS OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
V.M. ZARIPOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Apical Buds ◽  
Breeding Center ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Research Institute

The article presents an assessment of the adaptability of introduced varieties of honeysuckle to the conditions of the Pre-Urals of Bashkortostan. The research was carried out at the primary variety study site of the Kushnarenkovsky breeding center of the BNIISKH UFIC RAS. Landing scheme 3.0´1.0 m. 7 varieties were selected as objects: varieties of selection of M.A. Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture - Zoluska, Galochka, Berel; varieties of YUUNIIPK - Chelyabinka, Chernichka; variety of Bakcharskaya experimental horticulture station - Bakcharskaya. As a control, the variety of the M. A. Lisavenko NIISS - Goluboe vereteno - was taken. The studies were conducted from 2016 to 2020. in accordance with the "Program and methodology of variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops". During the study, it was found out that all the studied varieties showed good winter hardiness. In 2017, damage to the apical buds of the winter desiccation type was observed in the varieties Chelyabinka and Zolushka by 23-25%. Dry conditions had a negative impact on productivity, leading to shedding of the ovary, a decrease in the weight of the fruit. The studied varieties differed among themselves in the degree of shedding. The control variety Goluboe vereteno is classified as highly crumbling, the weakly crumbling variety is Zolushka Chelyabinka, Bakcharskaya and the non - crumbling variety is Galochka, Chernichka and Berel. In the varieties Bakcharskaya, Berel and Goluboe vereteno, the extension of terminal buds was noted in the years of research. By weight of one berry, the following varieties were distinguished: Bakcharskaya (0.72 g), Galochka (0.75 g), Chernichka (0.81 g). The Chernichka (2.8 kg per bush) and Galochka (3.1 kg per bush) varieties were distinguished by high yield, on average, for 5 years. In general, the introduced varieties of honeysuckle show high adaptability in the natural and climatic conditions of the Pre-Urals of Bashkortostan.

scholarly journals Preliminary results on tomato breeding (Lycopersicon) in the Republic of Dagestan

2021 ◽  
Vol 215 (12) ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
N. Velizhanov
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Remote Hybridization ◽  
Tomato Breeding ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Resistance To Heat ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. The aim of the work is to separate from hybrid generations (F3-F4) the promising material of high-temperature stress resistance. Scientific novelty. Testing the growth of the germ root at 35, 38 and especially 43 °C is an effective method of differentiating tomato genotypes and identifying their resistance to heat. As a result of our studies of inter-grade and remote hybridization, tomato lines have been obtained, combining heat-resistantness with high productivity and valuable biochemical indicators of fruit quality. Methods. The material for research served 11 promising varieties and lines of tomato. Dedicated genetic sources of heat resistance were included in inter-grade crossings. The selection of genotypes for heat-resistantness in the field was carried out taking into account the complex of morphological and agrochemical features (type and strength of plant growth, bush foliage, phenology, shape and size of the fruit, general productivity of commodity fruits, the mass of the fetus). Results. It has been established that in varieties and lines of tomato, created as a result of inter-grade and interspecies interbreeding, heat-resistant sporophyte varied to large limits depending on the genotype and temperature level. The fruit's product ranged depending on the genotype and the year of cultivation (71.8–98.3 %). All forms turned out to be large-fruited – the weight of the fruit was from 87.8–124.6 g. L132, L204, L112 lines stood out as early forms. The dry matter content of all the genotypes studied is high, as it is above 5.0 %, except for the lines L122, L211 dry matter content of which was 4.74 and 4.58 %, respectively. Vitamin C was highest in L143 (63.32), L141 (62.65), L112 (63.38).

scholarly journals PRACTICAL BREEDING OF ONIONS IN PRIMORYE

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
A. S. Kornilov
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Far East ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
State Register ◽  
Russian State

Three varieties of onions have been created and included in the State Register of the Russian Federation for the first time in the Far East at Primorskaya Vegetable experimental station – Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Vegetable Center” (PVES - Branch of the FSBSI FSVC). Dmitrich: Medium. The bulb is cross-elliptical, weighing 55-70 g. Dry scales are brown, their number is 2-3, juicy scales are white with a greenish tinge. The neck of a medium-sized, two- or threepart. It have semi-acute taste. Trading yields 162-177 kg/ha. Maximum yield of 270 kg/ha (Khabarovsk region). Ivashka: Medium. The bulb is round, weighing 50-60 g, dry scales are pink, their number is 2-3, juicy scales with a pinkish tinge. It have semi-acute taste. Rocket: Medium. The bulb is wide elliptical, weighing 50-60 g. Dry brown scales, their number 2-3, juicy scales are white. It have semi-acute taste. The method of hybridization created a promising variety Antey, which is transferred to the state variety testing: early (vegetation period when sowing seeds in the soil 105-115 days). The bulb is round (index 0.9-1.1), the color of juicy scales is white. Aging before cleaning – up to 95%, keeping the storage 180 days – up to 92%. It have semi-acute taste, the dry matter content of 9.5-11.0%. Relatively resistant to bacterial rots of the bulb. For today the basic line of grades, optimally suitable for agroclimatic conditions of region which will be used for further selection with use of modern molecular-genetic methods together with scientists of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy and Japanese Partners in the RNF project.

scholarly journals Shallot Blondin variety as a source material for breeding for early maturity, keeping quality, productivity and yield

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
L. N. Novikova ◽  
B. N. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
The State ◽  
High Yield ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
Early Ripening

Relevance. Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a very useful and promising crop with high nutrition- al, taste and medicinal properties. Shallot is appreciated for its tender and juicy tasty greens, as well as early ripening of bulbs with a long shelf life. For widespread distribution and consumption, increasing demand and popularizing this culture, it is relevant to create new promising varieties with valuable economically useful characteristics that meet modern market requirements. When creating new varieties, it is important to search for sources of early maturity, keeping quality, productivity, yield and quality.The aim of the research was to study local varieties of shallots for a complex of valuable traits, select the best forms and create a new fruitful, white early-ripening white variety of the salad direction, possessing useful properties, good keeping quality of bulbs, resistant to unfavorable environmental factors for cultivation in the regions of the European part of Russia.Materials and methods. The initial material consisted of 18 varieties of the local population from the North Caucasian group, differing in morphometric, in particular the color of the bulb (yellow to white), biological and economic characteristics. The studies were carried out at the collection site of the Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch (Krasnodar Region, Krymsk). As a standard, we used two varieties included in the State Register with the color of the bulb from yellow (Off-season) to white (Snezhok).Results. The study of phenological, biological, morphometric and economic characteristics made it possible to select five promising forms that are valuable for the consumer: those with early maturity, productivity, light color, large long-term bulb, green feather productivity, winter hardiness and good taste. The best form – LSh 5-05, with a consistently high yield, long-term keeping quality of white bulbs, marketability, good mild taste and attractive appearance, is included in the State Register of the Russian Federation for admission to use as a shallot Blondin variety.

Людмила – новый сорт чеснока озимого селекции Федерального научного центра овощеводства

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Seredin ◽  
A.F. Agafonov ◽  
V.V. Shumilina ◽  
E.V. Baranova ◽  
A.V. Soldatenko
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
State Register ◽  
State Commission ◽  
Growing Conditions

Представлены результаты работы лаборатории селекции и семеноводства луковых культур ФГБНУ Федеральный научный центр овощеводства по культуре чеснока озимого. Выделен и создан зимостойкий, лежкий, устойчивый к болезням и вредителям сорт чеснока озимого. В 2017 году под 78 передан на испытания в Госсорткомиссию, в 2019 году внесен в Госреестр РФ как сорт Людмила. Работа по созданию сорта чеснока озимого Людмила была начата в 2014 году. Был заложен коллекционный питомник (100 образцов из различных экологогеографических зон). В 2017 году был выделен перспективный образец под 78, с высокой зимостойкостью, способностью к длительному хранению, устойчивостью к болезням и вредителям. Цель исследований: выделение из коллекционного питомника чеснока озимого наиболее урожайных, зимостойких, устойчивых к болезням и вредителям сортообразцов, адаптированных к условиям выращивания. Зубки высаживали в первой декаде октября, на грядах (трехстрочная схема) 3035 растений/м2, с нормой высадки 900 кг/га. За стандарт в исследованиях был взят районирований сорт чеснока озимого Одинцовский Юбилейный. Листья чеснока озимого сорта Людмила расположены на растении со средней плотностью, длинные, средней ширины, слабо вогнутые, со средней степенью выраженности воскового налета. Стрелка длинная, без изгиба. Луковица крупная, округлоплоская. Продолжительность вегетационного периода растений составляет 98 суток, общая урожайность за три года 21,1 т/га, товарная 20,5 т/га. Средняя масса товарной луковицы 72 г. Число зубков 57 шт., масса одного зубка 12 г. Зимостойкость 97. Вкус острый. Новый сорт чеснока озимого Людмила относится к рано отрастающим, среднеспелым формам, пригодным к механизированной уборке. Общая урожайность у нового сорта в среднем на 7 больше чем у стандартного сорта Одинцовский Юбилейный, также и товарная на 6 выше, чем у последнего.The results of the work of the laboratory of breeding and seed production of onion crops of the Federal State Scientific Institution of the Federal Scientific Centre of Vegetable Growing on winter garlic are presented. Winterhardy, wintergarlic variety, resistant to diseases and pest is selected and bred. In 2017, under No. 78, it was given for testing to the State Commission on Cultivars in 2019, it was introduced to the State Register of the Russian Federation as a Lyudmila variety. The breeding of winter garlic cultivar Lyudmila was started in 2014. A collection nursery was laid (100 samples from various ecologicalgeographical zones). In 2017, the prospective model No. 78 was allocated, with high winter hardiness, longterm storage, resistance to diseases and pests. The purpose of the research: the selection from the winter collection of garlic nursery most productive, winterhardy, resistant to diseases and pests varietal samples adapted to growing conditions. Garlic gloves were planted in the first decade of October, on the ridges (three line) 3035 plants / m2, with a planting rate of 900 kg/ha. The standard was taken zoned winter garlic variety Odintsovsky Yubileiny. Leaves of the new cultivar are located on a plant with an average density, long, medium width, slightly concave, with an average degree of expression of a wax bloom. The spear is long, without bending. Bulb large, rounded flat. The length of the growing season is 98 days, the total yield for three years is 21.1 t/ha, and the commodity yield is 20.5 t/ha. The average mass of the commodity bulb is 72 g. The number of the cloves is 57, the mass of one clove is 12 g. Winter hardiness is 97. The taste is spicy. The new cultivar of winter garlic Lyudmila refers to the early growing, midseason forms suitable for mechanized harvesting. The overall yield of the new variety is on average 7 higher than that of the standard variety Odintsovsky Yubileiny, and the product is also 6 higher than the latter.

scholarly journals AMPELOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION AND AGROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NIZINА GRAPE VARIETY

Russian vine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
L.A. Maistrenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
State Register ◽  
Fertility Ratio ◽  
Point Rating Scale

Agrobiological characteristics of grapevine va-riety Nizina is given. The variety was breeded by joint effords of breeder- experimenter Kraynov V.N. and ARRIV&W – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «FRARC» as a result of interbreeding of varie-ties Talisman and Kishmish luchistyy. The vari-ety was handed over to the State Test in 2013. It received patent No. 7680 dated 04.02.2015 and was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements admitted for use in 2015. The variety is of early maturation of table use. The duration of the production period for 5 studied years was 115 days with the amount of active temperatures to full maturity of berries 2673°С. The variety is characterized by high winter hardiness, the percentage of breaking buds varies from 49 to 100 %. With a total amount of minus temperature 519 0C and the absolute minimum temperature of minus 24,6 оC, bud break was 58,5 %. 90-100% of shoots were fruitbearing, fertility ratio 0.6. On a sin-gle-plane trellis, with a planting scheme of 3 m × 1.5 m, the yield from a bush was 5,5 kg or more. Ampelographic description of the variety: flower is complete, clusters of medium density, cylindrical & conical with 1-2 wings, weigh 544 g. The comb is long, the crest is green, herba-ceous. The berry is dark red-purple, widely el-liptical with a pruina coating, weighing about 7.3 g, the parameters of the berry are 24,3 × 21,0 mm. The pulp is meaty. It has moderate sugar accumulation and moderate acidity. The variety has high resistance to mildew and oidi-um. The variety is pointed out as a donor of mildew resistance. It is used for fresh consump-tion. The tasting rating of fresh grapes averages 8.5 points on a ten-point rating scale.

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