scholarly journals Potency of Garlic Extract Against Koi Herpesvirus (KHV) in Common Carp

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Sri Nuryati ◽  
D. Puspitaningtyas ◽  
D. Wahjuningrum
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Virus Suspension ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Koi Herpesvirus ◽  
Leukocyte Number

<p>Prevention of koi herpesvirus (KHV) infection using chemicals or medicines was ineffective way.  In this study garlic extract was used to prevent KHV infection.  Virus suspension of 0.1 ml and garlic extract of 0.1 ml in different dosage, i.e., 100, 200 and 300 ppt, was injected into common carp body.  Hemoglobin concentration, red and white blood cell numbers, and leukocyte number were counted.  The results of study showed that administration of 300 ppt of garlic extract could produce higher survival rate (67.5%), good blood parameters and clinical symptoms compared to other treatments.</p> <p>Keywords: garlic, KHV, common carp</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Upaya penanggulangan wabah Koi Herpesvirus (KHV) menggunakan bahan-bahan kimia atau obat-obatan adalah tidak efektif. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemberian ekstrak bawang putih untuk menanggulangi infeksi KHV.  Suspensi virus sebanyak 0,1 ml ditambahkan dengan 0,1 ml ekstrak bawang putih dengan berbagai konsentrasi, yaitu 100, 200 dan 300 ppt, disuntikkan ke dalam tubuh ikan mas.  Kadar hemoglobin, jumlah sel darah merah dan sel darah putih jenis dan jumlah leukosit diamati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak bawang putih sebanyak 300 ppt menghasilkan kelangsungan hidup (67,5%) yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya, dan begitu pula dengan gambaran darah serta gejala klinisnya.  </p> <p>Kata kunci: bawang putih, KHV, ikan mas</p>

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Onion Extract Allium sativum to Prevent Koi Herpesvirus (KHV) Infection on Common Carp Cyprinus carpio

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Sri Nuryati ◽  
P. Giri ◽  
Y. Hadiroseyani
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Herpesvirus Infection ◽  
Onion Extract ◽  
Koi Herpesvirus ◽  
Herpès Virus

<p>Common carp is one of consumption fish that has delicious meat, high pritein level, and easy in farming. The serious problem in common carp farming is koi herpesvirus infection.  Onion extract potency to improve immune system was estimated to prevent disease infection.  The testing of the garlic extract through food could be used as efforts to increase endurance of common carp fish <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> to koi herpesvirus infection that was considered from blood parameter. Fish that was used was measuring 9-11 cm with the treatment of food containing  30, 50, and 70 gr/100 ml onion extract. Fish was acclimated for seven days  in 60×30×30 cm<sup>3</sup> aquarium before used. Garlic extract diet in food gave increasing of fish immune system that was infected by koi herpesvirus. The increased of leucocytes of blood fish with onion extract diet was faster than possitive control. The dose of B treatment (50 gr/100 ml) was the best dose gave short incubation periode comparing other treatment. Survival rate (SR) of this B treatment was highest, i.e. 91.7%, while survival rate of negative control was 50%.</p> <p>Key word: common carp, <em>Cyprinus carpio</em>, onion, <em>Allium sativum</em>, koi herpesvirus</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Salah satu jenis ikan konsumsi air tawar yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat adalah ikan mas <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> karena rasa dagingnya gurih, memiliki kadar protein tinggi dan cukup mudah dalam pemeliharaannya. Permasalahan yang muncul  saat ini adalah wabah Koi Herpes Virus (KHV). Potensi ekstrak bawang putih sebagai anti mikroba spektrum luas, diduga dapat mengobati dan mencegah penyakit ikan. Pengujian bawang putih secara <em>in vivo </em>melalui pakan dapat digunakan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan mas <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> terhadap infeksi penyakit KHV yang ditinjau dari gambaran darahnya. Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah ikan mas berukuran 9-11 cm dengan perlakuan pakan yang mengandung bawang putih sebanyak 30, 50, dan 70 gr/100 ml. Sebelum dilakukan penelitian ikan diadaptasikan selama 7 hari pada akuarium berukuran 60×30×30 cm<sup>3</sup>. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak bawang putih efektif untuk meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan mas <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> yang diinfeksi oleh Koi Herpes Virus (KHV). Pengamatan gambaran darah ikan yang terinfeksi KHV setelah pemberian ekstrak bawang putih selama 30 hari dapat meningkatkan jumlah leukosit lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol positif. Peningkatan jumlah limfosit dalam darah mampu meningkatkan pertahanan tubuh. Peningkatan jumlah leukosit ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya jumlah limfosit dan penurunan jumlah monosit. Perlakuan B (50 gr/100 ml) merupakan dosis yang paling baik karena masa inkubasi KHV terlewati lebih cepat dibanding perlakuan lain yang ditandai dengan penurunan jumlah leukositnya. Hal ini didukung oleh gejala klinis yang ringan dibandingkan kontrol positif dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup yang tinggi sebesar 91,7%. Sedangkan pada kontrol negatif kelangsungan hidupnya sebesar 50%.</p> <p>Kata kunci: ikan mas, <em>Cyprinus carpio,</em> bawang putih, <em>Allium sativum</em>, KHV dan Herpes</p>

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PENAMBAHAN VITAMIN C (ASCORBIC ACID) PADA PAKAN KOMERSIAL UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT KOI HERPESVIRUS (KHV) PADA IKAN MAS, Cyprinus carpio

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Taukhid Taukhid ◽  
Angela Mariana Lusiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Koi Herpesvirus ◽  
B Vitamin ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
All Treatment

Riset dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi teknik pengendalian penyakit KHV pada ikan mas melalui penggunaan imunostimulan yaitu penambahan vitamin C pada pakan komersial dengan dosis yang berbeda telah dilakukan pada skala laboratorium. Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah penambahan vitamin C jenis CFC-90 (microencapsulated vitamin C) pada pakan komersial dengan berbagai dosis yaitu: (A) tanpa vitamin C, sebagai kontrol, (B) vitamin C sebanyak 250 mg/kg pakan, (C) vitamin C sebanyak 500 mg/kg pakan, (D) vitamin C sebanyak 750 mg/kg pakan, dan (E) vitamin C sebanyak 1.000 mg/kg pakan. Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 3 (tiga) kali. Pada hari ke-15, seluruh kelompok perlakuan diinfeksi KHV secara buatan dengan teknik kohabitasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tingkah laku, gejala klinis, dan mortalitas ikan uji yang dilakukan setiap hari hingga akhir percobaan. Rataan persen sintasan ikan uji tertinggi pada akhir riset diperoleh pada penambahan vitamin C sebanyak 750 mg/kg pakan yaitu sebesar 82,22%; diikuti dengan penambahan vitamin C 250 mg/kg pakan sebesar 70,00%; vitamin C 1.000 mg/kg pakan sebesar 61,11%; vitamin C 500 mg/kg pakan sebesar 58,89%; sedangkan rataan sintasan terendah diperoleh pada kelompok kontrol yaitu sebesar 27,78%.Research with the aim to evaluate the technique of KHV disease control carp through the use of immunostimulatory namely the addition of vitamin C in commercial diet with different doses have been performed in a laboratorial scale. The treatment applied was the addition of vitamin C of CFC-90 (microencapsulated vitamin C) in the commercial diet with different doses, namely: (A) without vitamin C, as control, (B) Vitamin C 250 mg/kg feed, (C) vitamin C of 500 mg/kg feed, (D) Vitamin C 750 mg/kg feed, and (E) of vitamin C as much as 1,000 mg/kg feed. Each treatment was repeated three times. On day 15th, all treatment groups were artificially infected with KHV using cohabitation techniques. Observations conducted to monitor behavior, clinical symptoms and mortality of fish tests were done every day until the end of the experiment. The highest mean percent of survival rate was recorded in treatment D by adding vitamin C as much as 750 mg/kg of feed that was equal to 82.22%, followed by the addition of vitamin C 250 mg/kg diets at 70.00% (treatment B), Vitamin C 1,000 mg/kg feed amounted to 61.11% (treatment E), vitamin C 500 mg/kg diets at 58.89% (treatment C), while the lowest average of survival rate was obtained in the control group that was equal to 27.78%.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of lactic acid bacteria to increase the body resistance of common carp, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 against Aeromonas hydrophila

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-304
Author(s):  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Yuniar Mulyani ◽  
Fittrie Mellianawaty Pratiwy ◽  
Afifah Shabirah ◽  
Juli A Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
White Blood Count ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
The Common

This study aims to find out the right lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates to improve the common carp body's immune system against the attack of the Aeromonas hydrophila bacterium. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolates were obtained from the organs of the common carp intestine. The study used a Completely Randomized Design consisting of four treatments and three replications. The treatment used was immersion of test fish for 24 hours in several isolates of LAB with a density of 108 cfu ml-1, namely A: without LAB isolate (control), B: isolate CcB7, C: isolate CcB8, D: isolate CcB15. Immersion is done three times with a frequency of seven days. Parameters observed included clinical symptoms, survival rate, red and white blood cell counts. The results showed the immersion of LAB isolate CcB15, namely Lactobacillus gasseri was most effective for increasing the body's resistance to Common Carp, which was demonstrated by mild clinical symptoms and faster recovery, high fish survival rate (83.33%), and number of cells the highest white blood count of 147,47x103 cell mm-3 (an increase in white blood cells by 38%).

scholarly journals The toxic effects of ammonia on growth rate and some blood parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Q Jumaa ◽  
K Al-Saeedy ◽  
W Obid
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Fish Breeding

This study was performed to know the effect of ammonia on the blood picture and the weight of common carp fish. 50 fish were used at the age of 6 months and were divided into two groups. Each group included 25 fish. The first group represented the treatment group with ammonia at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ L. and the second group represented control group. It is grown in plastic basins with dimensions of 1.5 × 2 meters and continued treatment for four weeks. It was observed that the weight in the ammonium treatment group had the lowest significant value (p≤0.05) compared to the control group. It was also observed in this study that the ammonia group had the lowest significant values in (white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration and Packed cell volume) compared with control group. As for the biochemical parameters, it was observed that the Glucose concentration and each of the enzymes Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) had a record the highest value in the group treated with ammonia compared with the control group while the total protein recorded the lowest significant value in the group treated with ammonia Compared to control group. We conclude from this study that increasing the concentration of ammonia in the aquatic environment has a negative impact on fish breeding and health.

scholarly journals Changes in hematological parameters and gill morphology in common carp exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Malathion

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Sharmin ◽  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Farhana Haque ◽  
Md Sadiqul Islam ◽  
Md Shahjahan
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin

Malathion is an organophosphorous insecticide widely used in the agricultural field in Bangladesh and reach in the aquatic environment through rain wash. In the present study, we examined the effects of Malathion on hematological parameters and gills morphology in common carp exposed to two sub-lethal concentrations (1.5 and 3.0 mg/L) for a period of 192h (8 days). For hematological parameters fish were sacrificed at 24, 48, 72, and 96h after start of exposure. Gills were collected at 192h after start of exposure. The blood glucose level was significantly elevated with increasing the concentration of Malathion. Red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) values were significantly decreased after the exposure of Malathion. Significant increments were observed in case of the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), while no distinct changes were noted for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH). Interestingly, white blood cells (WBCs) count was significantly increased with toxicity of Malathion. Several morphological changes, such as telangiectasia, blood lamellar congestion, hypertrophy of filaments, lamellar fusion were observed in the gills of fish exposed to Malathion. The present study revealed that the insecticide had adverse effects on various blood parameters and gills morphology in common carp. Thus, the use of insecticide in the agriculture field may be a threat to fauna and flora of the aquatic environment.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2016, 2(3): 370-378

scholarly journals INDUKSI KEKEBALAN SPESIFIK PADA IKAN MAS, Cyprinus carpio Linn. TERHADAP INFEKSI KOI HERPESVIRUS (KHV) MELALUI TEKNIK KOHABITASI TERKONTROL

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Taukhid Taukhid ◽  
Angela Mariana Lusiastuti ◽  
Wulan Andiyani ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Sriati Sriati
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Koi Herpesvirus ◽  
Specific Immunity ◽  
Effective Period

Penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui masa induksi kekebalan spesifik hingga level protektif terhadap KHV pada populasi ikan mas yang diinfeksi secara buatan melalui teknik pemaparan terkontrol telah dilakukan pada skala laboratorium. Pemaparan terkontrol terhadap ikan positif KHV dilakukan selama 3 hari pada suhu 24oC-26oC, selanjutnya ikan dipindahkan ke wadah volume 300 liter yang diisi ikan uji sebanyak 200 ekor/wadah dan suhu air berkisar antara 31oC-34oC. Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah periode induksi: (A) periode induksi selama 1 minggu dari akhir masa pemaparan terhadap KHV, (B) periode induksi selama 2 minggu dari akhir masa pemaparan terhadap KHV, (C) periode induksi selama 3 minggu dari akhir masa pemaparan terhadap KHV, (D) periode induksi selama 4 minggu dari akhir masa pemaparan terhadap KHV, dan (E) tanpa periode induksi setelah dilakukan pemaparan terhadap KHV. Pada hari ke-21, seluruh kelompok perlakuan diinfeksi KHV secara buatan dengan teknik kohabitasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tingkah laku, gejala klinis, dan mortalitas ikan uji yang dilakukan setiap hari hingga akhir percobaan. Rataan persentase sintasan ikan uji tertinggi pada akhir riset diperoleh pada periode induksi selama 3 minggu sebesar 53,75%; diikuti oleh periode induksi selama 2 minggu sebesar 33,75%; selama 1 minggu sebesar 18,75%; selama 4 minggu sebesar 12,5%; dan kelompok kontrol sebesar 7,5%.The research with the aim to study an effective period to develop specific immunity against Koi Herpesvirus on common carp population which was obtained by cohabitation technique had been done in laboratory scale. Cohabitation of KHV infected fish at 24oC-26oC was for 3 days, and then the fish was moved to fiber glass tank at 31oC-34oC to develop specific immunity. The treatments applied in the research were: (A) a week period induction, (B) two weeks period induction, (C) three weeks period induction, (D) four weeks period induction, and (E) without period induction as a control group. Fish test were challenge to KHV infection at the end of each defined period induction by cohabitation method for 2 weeks lasting. Examination on behavior, clinical signs, and mortality of fish test were taken place daily. The results showed that the highest survival rate was found on three weeks period induction (53.75%), and followed by two weeks period induction (33.75%), one week period induction (18.75%), four weeks period induction (12.5%), and the lowest was found on the control (7.5%).

scholarly journals Hematology of common carp following DNA vaccination and koi herpesvirus challenge test

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Nuryati ◽  
N.A. Maswan ◽  
. Alimuddin ◽  
. Sukenda ◽  
K. Sumantadinata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Viral Glycoprotein ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Koi Herpesvirus

<p>The study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of DNA vaccine doses on hematological aspect which represent immune response and its influence on common carp survival rate. DNA vaccines encoding the viral glycoprotein of  koi herpesvirus (KHV) have been proved to highly protect the fish under laboratory condition.  A dose of 12.5 µg/100 µl vaccine had resulted in a survival rate of 96.67 % during 30 days after challenge test with a lethal dose of KHV. Fish vaccinated using lower doses, i.e. 2.5 and 7.5 µg/100µl showed 100% mortality after 15 and 19 days challenge test respectively, whereas non vaccinated fish as a control showed 100% mortality after 17 days challenge test.  Total leucocytes of the vaccinated fish were higher than control until 42 days post vaccination, but declined afterward.  Phagocytic index of the vaccinated fish using 12.5 µg/100 µl was declined after 49 days post vaccination or 7 days post challenge test.</p> <p>Key words: DNA vaccine, Koi herpesvirus (KHV), leucocyte, phagocytic index,<em> Cyprinus carpio</em></p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh vaksinasi menggunakan vaksin DNA dengan dosis berbeda terhadap gambaran darah ikan sebagai respresentasi tanggap kebal ikan mas serta pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan mas. Vaksin DNA penyandi glikoprotein koi herpesvirus (KHV) dapat memberikan proteksi yang tinggi pada percobaan skala laboratorium.  Vaksinasi dengan dosis 12,5 µg/100µl dapat mempertahankan kelangsungan hidup sebesar 96,67% selama satu bulan setelah uji tantang dengan virus KHV menggunakan dosis letal.  Ikan yang divaksin dengan dosis yang lebih rendah yaitu 2,5 dan 7,5 µg/100µl mengalami kematian total berturut-turut setelah 15 dan  19 hari uji tantang, sedangkan ikan kontrol yang tidak divaksin mengalami kematian total setelah 17 hari uji tantang.  Jumlah leukosit total ikan yang divaksinasi lebih tinggi dibanding dengan kontrol sampai hari ke-42, setelah itu mengalami penurunan.  Indeks fagositosis ikan yang divaksin dengan dosis 12,5 µg/100µl mengalami penurunan setelah hari ke-49 atau 7 hari setelah uji tantang.</p> <p>Kata kunci: Vaksin DNA, Koi herpesvirus (KHV), leukosit, indeks fagositosis,<em> Cyprinus carpio</em></p>

scholarly journals Implications of dietary Delonix regia seed meal on growth, feed utilization, haematology and fillet yield of red Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-154
Author(s):  
Saviour Isonguyoh Umanah ◽  
Gift Samuel David
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fillet Yield ◽  
Concrete Tank

Delonix regia is commonly called Flamboyant or flame of the forest. The seeds were fermented, boiled, sundried and then ground into powdered meal. 40% crude protein based test diets containing Delonix regia seed meal D0 = 0%; D15 = 15%; D20 = 20% and D25 = 25% inclusion levels respectively were prepared. Red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings of 6 weeks old were acclimatized for two weeks and then stocked in 12 hapas at 15 fish per hapa measuring 0.6 m × 1.2 m × 0.7 m placed in a concrete tank. Each diet was assigned to fish in a separate hapa in triplicate and administered at 3% fish body weight per day for 16 weeks. Fish weight and length were taken initially, bi-weekly and terminally. Water quality was monitored weekly. Number of fish at the end was recorded and survival rate, growth, feed utilization, fillet yield and blood parameters were determined. The data were subjected to the analysis of variance and mean separation (P= 0.05). Survival rate was highest in fish raised on D20 and least in D25 without any significant difference across the range. Mean growth performances, feed utilization indices and fillet yield were generally congruent between D20 and D25 with varying degrees of significant difference to other feeds. Results of blood assay did not depict harmful effects of the test diets indicating that the fish enjoyed some good measures of health. The gross performance of fish on D20 was optimal. It was therefore concluded that 20% dietary inclusion level of fermented, cooked and dried flamboyant seed was the best for the red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) post fingerlings.

scholarly journals The Effect of Experimental Escherichia coli Infection on Some Blood Parameters and Histological Changes in Male Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Hayder AL – Zamely
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Renal Tubules

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of experimental infection by Escherichia coli on some blood parameters and histopathological changes in male rats to reach this objective twenty male rats (Rattus norvigicus) were divided into two groups, housed under same conditions of water, feed, temperature, light and humidity. The first one served as control group, while the second was experimentally infected with Ecoli by administration of 2ml / rat of (1×109) colony forming unit/ml of E-coli. Five days later blood were obtained from animals by cardiac puncture to measure the total and differential white blood cells count hemoglobin concentration packed cells volume red blood cells count, and thrombocytes count. One animal from each group was killed and histopathological examination was done for intestine kidney liver and spleen to detect the effect of infection on these organs. The results revealed a significant increase in total leukocytes count (P<005) in infected group while the differential count showed a significant increase in neutrophils and significant decrease in lymphocytes (P< 0.05) in same group. There were a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration packed cell volume and non significant decrease in red blood cells count. While thrombocytes count showed a significant decrease in infected group compared with control group (P<0.05). The histopathological examination of infected male rats intestine was demonstrated mild diffuse inflammation which include increased numbers of neutrophile in tissue intraepithelial lymphocytes and goblet cells In kidney renal tubules showed extensive epithelial swelling with decreased lumen space and generalized necrotic changes with interstitial hemorrhage in renal cortex. In liver hepatocytes were swollen with decreased sinusoidal spaces and widely distributed necrotic foci were seen. There is extensive splenic necrosis with infiltration of leukocytes from white pulp to red pulp of spleen.

scholarly journals Application of HER2 peptide vaccines in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zicong You ◽  
Weijun Zhou ◽  
Junyan Weng ◽  
Haizhan Feng ◽  
Peiqiao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background The E75 and GP2 vaccines are the few therapeutic vaccines targeting HER2 currently under clinical research for patients with breast cancer. Methods Databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science, were used to retrieve clinical studies on E75 and GP2 vaccines. Retrieval time was from the beginning of database construction until May 31st, 2021. Results A total of 24 clinical studies were included in this analysis, including 1704 patients in the vaccinated group and 1248 patients in the control group. For the E75 vaccine, there were significant differences between the vaccinated group and the control group in the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (SMD = 0.685 95% CI 0.52–0.85, PHeterogeneity = 0.186, PDTH < 0.05) and the change in CD8+ T-cell numbers (SMD = − 0.864, 95% CI − 1.02 to − 0.709, PHeterogeneity = 0.085, PCD8+ T cell < 0.05) before and after injection. For the GP2 vaccine, there was a significant difference between the vaccinated group and the control group in the change in CD8+ T-cell numbers (SMD = − 0.584, 95% CI − 0.803 to − 0.294, PHeterogeneity = 0.397, PCD8+ T cell < 0.05) before and after injection. In addition, the clinical outcomes, including recurrence rate (RR = 0.568, 95% CI 0.444–0.727, PHeterogeneity = 0.955, PRecurrence < 0.05) and disease-free survival rate (RR = 1.149, 95% CI 1.050–1.256, PHeterogeneity = 0.003, PDFS < 0.05), of the E75-vaccinated group were different from those of the control group. However, we found that the overall survival rate with the E75 vaccine (RR = 1.032, 95% CI 0.998–1.067, PHeterogeneity = 0.476, POS > 0.05) was not different between the two groups. Local and systemic toxicity assessments of the two vaccines showed minimal side effects. Conclusions The E75 vaccine was effective and safe in patients with breast cancer. The GP2 vaccine could elicit a strong immune response, but more trials are needed to confirm its clinical efficacy.

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