scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Fasciolosis in Bali Cattle in Ujung Loe Subdistrict, Bulukumba Regency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Anny Sari ◽  
Hadi Purnama Wirawan ◽  
Fika Yuliza Purba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Management System ◽  
Farmer Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fecal Examination ◽  
Cage Condition ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of fasciolosis in Bali cattle in Ujung Loe District, Bulukumba Regency. A total of 157 Balinese cattle fecal samples were collected and selected proportionally from 13 villages in Ujung Loe Subdistrict, Bulukumba Regency. The fecal examination was carried out by the sedimentation method to detect the presence of Fasciola sp. eggs based on the morphology. Risk factors of fasciolosis such as animal age, management, cage condition, intermediate host control, and farmer knowledge were analyzed using Chi-square and Odds Ratio. The results of this study indicated that the prevalence of fasciolosis in Ujung Loe District, Bulukumba Regency was 4.4%. The results of the Chi-square analysis showed that age and management system had a relationship with the incidence of fasciolosis, while other factors were not related to fasciolosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated withToxocara canisInfection in Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Romero Núñez ◽  
Germán David Mendoza Martínez ◽  
Selene Yañez Arteaga ◽  
Martha Ponce Macotela ◽  
Patricia Bustamante Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The objective of this study was to determine seroprevalence and identify risk factors associated withToxocara canisinfection. A clinical and epidemiological questionnaire and body mass index were used to assess the risk factors associated with human toxocariasis in 108 children with an age range of 2–16 years. Antibodies againstToxocara caniswere detected using an ELISA test kit. Chi-square analysis and odds ratio (OR) were used to identify risk factors associated withToxocara canisseropositivity. The prevalence of antibodies againstToxocara caniswas greater (P=0.02) in males than females (28.84% and 16.07%, resp.). Chi-square analysis and odds ratio revealed just one variable withP<0.05,andOR>1.0was associated with seropositivity: the possession of dogs under one year old (OR=1.78). Although not significant, the OR values suggest that other factors may be epidemiologically important forToxocarapresence such as not washing hands before meals, malnutrition, obesity, and use of public parks. Children in the age group >12 and <16 years old had higher seroprevalence toToxocara canis(17.59%) than the >2 and <11 years old age group (4.62%). Toxocariosis infection needs to be prevented by pet deworming and hygienic measures after contact with dogs.

scholarly journals Elimination of Intravenous Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate Exposure Abrogates Most Neonatal Hypertension in Premature Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Randall Jenkins ◽  
Katia Farnbach ◽  
Sandra Iragorri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Neonatal Hypertension ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Current Report

(1) Background: The incidence of hypertension in very low birthweight (VLBW) infants in a single neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) dropped markedly during a 2-year period when the IV fluid (IVF) in both the antenatal unit and the NICU temporarily changed to a di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)-free formulation. The objective of the current report is to document this observation and demonstrate the changes in incidence of hypertension were not associated with the variation in risk factors for hypertension; (2) Methods: The charts of all VLBW infants born in a single NICU during a 7-year span were reviewed. This time includes 32 months of baseline, 20 months of DEHP-free IVF, 20 months of IVF DEHP re-exposure, and two 4-month washout intervals. The group of interest was limited to VLBW infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Chi-square analysis was used to compare incidence of hypertension among periods. Vermont Oxford NICU Registry data were examined for variation in maternal and neonatal risk factors for hypertension; Results: Incidence of hypertension in VLBW infants with BPD decreased from 7.7% (baseline) to 1.4% when IVF was DEHP-free, rising back to 10.1% when DEHP-containing IVF returned to use. Risk factors for neonatal hypertension were stable across the 3 study periods in the NICU’s group of VLBW infants; (3) Conclusions: Serendipitous removal of IVF containing DEHP resulted in near elimination of hypertension in one NICU—an effect entirely reversed after the same brand of DEHP-containing IVF returned to clinical use. These results suggest that DEHP exposure from IVF plays a major role in neonatal hypertension.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
Cláudio Rodrigues Leles ◽  
Augusto César Braz Hollanda ◽  
Marcelo Sampaio Moura ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults. A total of 1,372 periapical radiographs of endodontically treated teeth were analyzed based on the quality of root filling, status of coronal restoration and presence of posts associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Data were analyzed statistically using odds ratio, confidence intervals and chi-square test. The prevalence of AP with adequate endodontic treatment was low (16.5%). This percentage dropped to 12.1% in cases with adequate root filling and adequate coronal restoration. Teeth with adequate endodontic treatment and poor coronal restoration had an AP prevalence of 27.9%. AP increased to 71.7% in teeth with poor endodontic treatment associated with poor coronal restoration. When poor endodontic treatment was combined with adequate coronal restoration, AP prevalence was 61.8%. The prevalence of AP was low when associated with high technical quality of root canal treatment. Poor coronal restoration increased the risk of AP even when endodontic treatment was adequate (OR=2.80; 95%CI=1.87-4.22). The presence of intracanal posts had no influence on AP prevalence.

scholarly journals CORRELATION OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND CIGARETTE SMOKE EXPOSURE WITH PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN UNDER TWO YEARS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Denisca Vanya Almeida ◽  
Fariani Syahrul
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Control Research ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Background: Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death for children and is caused by pneumococcus, staphylococcus, and streptococcus bacteria. Exclusive breastfeeding and exposure to cigarette smoke are risk factors for pneumonia in children less than two years old. Purpose: The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding or exposure to cigarette smoke and pneumonia in children aged less than two years at Public Health Center (PHC) of Wates, Kediri District. Methods: This research employed analytic observational research using a case–control research design. The number of research samples used was 60, consisting of 30 case respondents and 30 control respondents. The samples were taken in the PHC of Wates, Kediri District’s working area in July 2019. The determination of the samples was carried out through simple random sampling. The data were analyzed using chi-square analysis. Results: The research variables related to pneumonia in children less than two years old at PHC of Wates, Kediri District were exclusive breastfeeding with Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.50 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.20–10.19), the age of the mothers of the two-year-old infants with OR = 0.19 (95% CI = 0.04–0.78), and the education of the mothers of children less than two years old with OR = 3.14 (95% CI = 1.07–9.27). Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding, maternal age, and mothers’ level of education are some of the risk factors for pneumonia. The suggestion from this research is to hold socialization in the form of pneumonia prevention, education on exclusive breastfeeding for mothers who have children under two years of age, and the dangers of smoking for children's health.

Abstract 16584: Association of Lower Height and Higher LDL-c in a Statewide Schoolchild Cholesterol Screening Program

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee A Pyles ◽  
Christa Lilly ◽  
Eloise Elliott ◽  
William A Neal
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Primordial Prevention ◽  
Lipid Panel ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lower Height ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Introduction: The Coronary Artery Risk Detection in Appalachian Communities (CARDIAC) Project has screened West Virginia 5th graders since 1998 to facilitate primordial prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in WV. LDL-c levels above 175 mg/dl in children suggest Familial Hyperlipidemia (FH) in the child’s family and a level above 160 mg/dl with history of CHD in relatives can also establish a diagnosis. Hypothesis: Based on previous adult literature, the association of lower height with higher LDL level observed in adults begins in childhood and is prominent in children with LDL in FH range. Methods: Fifth graders are screened yearly in WV schools with parental consent for Body Mass Index and lipid panel. Lipids were analyzed with respect to either short stature < 2 SD for height or comparing 1st (shortest) and 4th quartiles of the population. Statistical analysis for age- and gender-adjusted height percentiles was performed in SAS. Results: 59,386 children had lipid and height data. Mean LDL-c for 1st vs. 4th quartile of height was 94.08 mg/dl (95% Confidence Interval-CI 93.66-94.51) vs. 90.03 mg/dl (CI 89.65-90.42). First quartile of height students had average 4.05 mg/dl higher LDL-c (95% CI 3.48 -4.62 mg/dl). 4398 children had an LDL level above 130 g/dl, 632 above 160 mg/dl and 247 above 175 mg/dl. The Chi square analysis of short stature (height 130 g/dl was also significant (p=0.013) with increased odds of LDL-c above 130 g/dl compared to non-short stature (OR= 1.37, CL 1.07-1.75). Table 1 shows odds ratio for varying levels of elevated LDL-c for the first (shortest) vs. 4th (tallest) quartile of students. Conclusions: Shorter stature is associated with higher LDL-c level in WV 5th graders generally and in those children with increased risk for genetic dyslipidemia. The trend to increasing odds ratio in strata of higher LDL-c supports a recent report of association of single nucleotide polymorphisms selecting for lower genetic height and higher LDL-c.

scholarly journals Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Paramphistomiasis pada Sapi Bali di Distrik Prafi, Kabupaten Manokwari, Provinsi Papua Barat (PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF PARAMPHISTOMIASIS IN BALI CATTLE IN PRAFI DISTRICT, MANOKWARI REGENCY, WEST PAPUA PROVINCE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwaningsih Purwaningsih ◽  
Noviyanti Noviyanti ◽  
Rizki Pratama Putra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
Papua Barat ◽  
Livestock Productivity

Paramphistomiasis is a parasiter disease caused by an Paramphistomum sp worms infection. The disease can cause a considerable decline in livestock productivity, therefore it is catagorized as one of economic affected diseases. The aims of this research were to determine the prevalence and distribution of paramphistomiasis in Bali cattle in Prafi District of Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province; and to identify some of the risk factors that associated with the paramphistomiasis prevalence. The research was done between February and March 2016. The feces samples were taken from 369 cattles perrectal were chosen by using proportional random sampling technique at village level. A total of 127 farmer respondents were interviewed. The feces samples were examined with sedimentation test to identify the existence eggs of Paramphistomum sp. based on their morphology. The data were analyzed in univariate to obtain the prevalence by dividing the number of positive sample with the number of samples inspected multiplied by 100%. Then, bivariate analysis was performed by using chi square (c2), and odds ratio (OR). The distribution of paramphistomiasis in Bali cattle that rearing in Prafi District has prevalence value in each village: Udapi Hilir, Desay, Aimasi, and Prafi Mulya was 14.74%; 12.04%; 9.18% and 1.48% respectively. While the prevalence of paramphistomiasis in bali cattle in the Prafi District was 10.03%. Factors of rearing manajemen, such as: combined shed with calve (OR=4.525) and sources of animal feed that taken from the grounds of the house and rice land (OR=4.955) showed a significant influence (P<0.05) on the risk of paramphistomiasis infection.

scholarly journals Epidemiological characterization and risk factors associated with leptospirosis and brucellosis in small ruminants sold at animal fair in the Sertão Region of Pernambuco State, a semiarid Region of Northeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Romero Alexandre Alves ◽  
Geilson Manoel de Souza Lima ◽  
José Dêvede da Silva ◽  
Diego Figueiredo da Costa ◽  
Fabrine Alexandre dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Management System ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Leptospira Spp

The transit of infected animals may be a route for the introduction and dispersal of diseases, which necessitates protocols for the controlled entry of infected animals into herds. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira and anti-Brucella ovis antibodies in small ruminants sold at an animal fair in the Sertão region of the Pernambuco State, Northeastern Brazil, and to identify the possible risk factors associated with seropositivity. Serum samples were collected from 233 goats and 119 sheep, belonging to twelve different owners from November 2014 to June 2015. Diagnosis of Leptospira spp. infection was established using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT); for B. ovis infection, the agar gel immuno-diffusion (AGID) test was conducted. A total of 16/233 (6.87%; 95% CI = 4.27% – 10.83%) goats and 16/119 (13.45%; 95% CI = 8.67% – 21.24%) sheep were identified as seropositive for Leptospira spp. The most frequent serotype was Icterohaemorrhagiae. In goats, intensive management system (odds ratio = 15.8; p < 0.001) and consorted rearing of equines and goats (odds ratio = 7.3; p = 0.005) were identified as risk factors. There were no risk factors identified for sheep. Seven (5.88%; 95% CI = 2.88% – 11.65%) sheep were seropositive for B. ovis, and the intensive management system was identified as the risk factor (odds ratio = 11.5; p = 0.005). This suggests that Leptospira spp. and B. ovis infections occur in small ruminants commercialized in the Sertão region of the Pernambuco State. Thus, improvements to the sanitary conditions of the facilities and the control of synanthropic rodents are recommended.

scholarly journals Risk factors for intradomiciliary infestation by the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiatain Jutiapa, Guatemala

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S83-S92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dulce Maria Bustamante ◽  
Carlota Monroy ◽  
Sandy Pineda ◽  
Antonieta Rodas ◽  
Xochitl Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Seventeen variables were evaluated as possible risk factors for the intradomiciliary infestation with Triatoma dimidiata in 644 houses in Jutiapa, Guatemala. During 2004 the houses were assessed for vector presence and evaluated for hygiene, cluttering, material comfort, construction conditions and number of inhabitants, among other factors. Chi-square analysis detected significant associations between vector presence and eight variables related to domestic sanitary and construction conditions. Log-linear models showed that regardless of the age of the house, the odds of vector presence were 4.3 and 10 times lower in houses with a good socioeconomic status compared with poor and very poor houses respectively. Log-linear models also pointed to a greater chance of vector presence when walls lacked plastering (3.85 times) or walls had low quality-incomplete plastering (4.56 times), compared with walls that were completely plastered. Control strategies against T. dimidiata should include the introduction of better-quality but inexpensive plastering formulations and better sanitation practices should also be promoted among the population. Such control strategies should not only reduce or eliminate infestation, but also prevent vector reinfestation.

scholarly journals FAKTOR RISIKO KEPADATAN LALAT DAN SANITASI RUMAH DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE DI KELURAHAN TANJUNG PINANG KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Listautin Listautin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Diarrhea is one of health problem in the world including Indonesia. The Morbidity survey undertaken by Sub-Directorate of diarrhea, Health Department from 2007 to 2010is improved. According to the data gained from Puskesmas in Tanjung Pinang Jambi in 2017, it is found out that 5 different districs in Tanjung Pinang are the district which has the highest rate of diarrhea sufferers. The aim of this study is to find out the risk factors of the flies density and the dwelling sanitation to the occurance of diarrhea in Tanjung Pinang Jambi in 2017. This study is quantitative study by using case control design. The sample of this study is 68 people who consists of 34 samples of case group and 34 samples of control group. This study is analyzed through univariate and bivariate analysis by using chi-square test. The instruments of this study are the reviewed document, ceklist, and the measurement through fly grill. The result of analysis are found out that toilet is the main risk factor for the occurance of diarrhea with odds ratio (OR) value is 3,519. Sewerage (SPAL) is one the risk factor of the diarrhea occurance with odds ratio (OR) value is 3,361. The waste is the other risk factors for the occurance of diarrhea with odds ratio (OR) value is 4,418. The flies density is the protective factor for the diarrhea occurance with odds ratio (OR) value is 0,773.Based on the result of this study, it can be concluded that it is necesarry to do the coorporation across program to optimize the noticing of information to public concerning on the importance of good dwelling sanitation and the low flies density in order to avoid from the occurance of diarrhea.Keyword : Diarrhea, Dwelling Sanitation, Flies Density

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING GRADUATION ACHIEVEMENT IN NURSE COMPETENCE TEST OF NURSE PROFESSION PROGRAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukmanulhakim Lukmanulhakim ◽  
Lenny Stia Pusporini
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Nurse Competence ◽  
Competence Test ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Simple Logistic

Abstract: Competence test is conducted to fulfil the graduates’ performance competence standards. Nurse competence is oriented to the performance quality in giving a comprehensive care. Study intends to identify factors influencing graduation achievement in UKNI of Nurse Profession Program students of STIKes Faletehan Serang. It is a quantitative study with analytical correlational design and cross sectional approach. Samples are 106 respondents who were selected by using total sampling technique. The statistical used are Chi Square and simple logistic regression prediction model. The Chi Square analysis result with α = 0.05 finds p value of the three variables are 0.804 (anxiety and family support), and 1.000 (peers support). Besides, the analysis result of other three variables obtains p value of 0.034 (GPA), p value of 0.000 (liveliness), and p value of 0.000 (try out result). The analysis result of simple logistic regression shows that Odds Ratio (OR) of liveliness variable is 156.734. The research results can be an evaluation material to increase graduation achievement in UKNI are the benchmark of improving the implementation of university quality assurance. Keywords: capaian kompetensi, kompetensi perawat, uji kompetensi Ners, progra profesi Ners ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI CAPAIAN KELULUSAN UJI KOMPETENSI NERS MAHASISWA PROGRAM PROFESI NERS  Abstrak: Uji kompetensi dilaksanakan untuk mencapai lulusan yang memenuhi standar kompetensi kinerja. Kompetensi perawat berorientasi terhadap kualitas kinerja dalam memberikan pelayanan keperawatan secara komprehensif.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahaui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi capaian kelulusan UKNI mahasiswa Program Profesi Ners STIKes Faletehan Serang. Penelitian berjenis kuantitatif dengan rancangan korelasi analitik melalui pendekatan Cross Sectional.Sampel penelitian sebanyak 106 responden yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan lewat angket. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Chi Square dan regresi logistik sederhana model prediksi.Hasil analisis uji Chi Square dengan α = 0.05, ketiga variabel diperoleh p value sebesar 0,804 (kecemasan dan dukungan keluarga), serta 1,00 (dukungan teman sebaya). Hasil analisis ketiga variabel lainnya diperoleh p value sebesar 0.034(IPK Akademik), 0.000 (keaktfikan), dan 0.000 (try out nasional). Hasil analisis regresi logistik, teridentifikasi Odds-Ratio (OR) dari variabel keaktifan adalah 156.734.Hasil ini dapat dijadikan evaluasi dalam peningkatan capaian kelulusan UKNI yang merupakan tolak ukur dalam penyelenggaraan penjaminan mutu perguruan tinggi. Kata kunci : capaian kompetensi, kompetensi perawat, uji kompetensi Ners, progra profesi Ners

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