scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF THE IDEAL LEADER IN NAJIB KAILANI'S NOVEL AN-NIDĀUL KHĀLID: MICHAEL RIFFATERRE'S SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS

Jurnal CMES ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Qurratul Aini
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
True Story ◽  
The People ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Government ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
The Ideal

<p>A leader is someone who is elected by the community for the common good. The concept of a leader includes not only those who hold positions in the government system, but also religious leaders.. This study aims to describe the ideal leader in Najib Kailani's <em>An-Nida@ul Kha@lid</em> novel by using Michael Riffaterre's semiotics as an analytical tool. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis by describing the data in accordance with what it is then followed by analysis. The data collection technique is using listening and note-taking techniques. The results of this study state that the concept of an ideal leader must comply with three things, namely: 1) The leader must be wise making decisions, 2) the leader must defend the interests and unite the people, and 3) the leader must accommodate the aspirations of the people. While, the matrix in the text is the concept of an ideal leader who has a model of nurturing and embracing the community, and a variant in the form of a text related to ideal leadership. The potential hypogram found in the text is the same as the matrix, namely the concept of an ideal leader, while the actual hypogram, departs from the true story experienced by the author, where he grew and developed along with the outbreak of World War II, then in 1958-19865 went in and out of prison, and In 1982, the novel An-Nidaul Khalid was published.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Ideal Leader Concept, Semiotic, Riffaterre, Novel, Najib Kailani<em></em></p><p><em> </em></p>

Pelaksanaan Jaminan Kesehatan Oleh BPJS Kesehatan Dalam Perspektif Syariah

Liquidity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Iwan Subandi ◽  
Fathurrahman Djamil
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Health Support ◽  
The Government

Health is the basic right for everybody, therefore every citizen is entitled to get the health care. In enforcing the regulation for Jaringan Kesehatan Nasional (National Health Supports), it is heavily influenced by the foreign interests. Economically, this program does not reduce the people’s burdens, on the contrary, it will increase them. This means the health supports in which should place the government as the guarantor of the public health, but the people themselves that should pay for the health care. In the realization of the health support the are elements against the Syariah principles. Indonesian Muslim Religious Leaders (MUI) only say that the BPJS Kesehatan (Sosial Support Institution for Health) does not conform with the syariah. The society is asked to register and continue the participation in the program of Social Supports Institution for Health. The best solution is to enforce the mechanism which is in accordance with the syariah principles. The establishment of BPJS based on syariah has to be carried out in cooperation from the elements of Social Supports Institution (BPJS), Indonesian Muslim Religious (MUI), Financial Institution Authorities, National Social Supports Council, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Finance. Accordingly, the Social Supports Institution for Helath (BPJS Kesehatan) based on syariah principles could be obtained and could became the solution of the polemics in the society.

scholarly journals BUDAYA KONSUMSI MINUMAN BERALKOHOL (STUDI KASUS PADA MASYARAKAT MOSKONA DI KELURAHAN BINTUNI BARAT, DISTRIK BINTUNI BARAT, KABUPATEN TELUK BINTUNI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Frans Yerkohok ◽  
Sanggar Kanto ◽  
Anif Fatma Chawa
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
The Government ◽  
Very High

Abstrack. This article is a socio-cultural study of the culture of consuming liquor. This research was conducted using a qualitative method with a case study approach to the Moskona community in West Bintuni Village, West Bintuni District, Bintuni Bay Regency. Using Herbert Blumer's theory of symbolic interactionism, this study seeks to understand the meaning of alcohol consumption for the people of Moscow and the economic, social, and health impacts of the culture of consuming alcoholic beverages. The results of this study reveal that the consumption of alcoholic drinks does come from outside and has developed into a habit in society, and people perceive alcoholic drinks as a form of brotherhood and kinship between groups of people when sitting together. Various efforts have been made by elements of society such as traditional leaders, religious leaders, and the government, such as very high customary fines for people who commit deviant behavior after consuming liquor, but in reality, the rate of accidents and fights after consuming alcoholic beverages is still high. This study also shows that the persistence of alcohol consumption in the community is related to family, economic and social factors.Keyword : Indigenous people, Liquor, Teluk BintuniAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan komsumsi minuman beralkohol pada masyarakat Moskona yang berada di Kelurahan Bintuni Barat, Distrik Bintuni, Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni, sehingga menjadi sebuah budaya. Sselain itu juga untuk memahami makna konsumsi minuman beralkohol bagi masyarakat Moskona serta dampak ekonomi, sosial dan budaya dari konsumsi minuman beralkohol, dengan menggunakan Teori Interaksionisme Simbolik dari Herbert Blumer. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa konsumsi minuman beralkohol memang datang dari luar dan berkembang menjadi sebuah kebiasaan pada masyarakat, dan masyarakat memaknai minuman beralkohol sebagai bentuk persaudaraan dan kekerabatan di antara kelompok masyarakat saat duduk bersama. Berbagai upaya yang dilakukan oleh elemen masyarakat seperti tokoh adat, tokoh agama, dan pemerintah sudah dilakukan seperti denda adat yang sangat tinggi kepada masyarakat yang melakukan perilaku menyimpang pasca mengkonsumsi minuman beralkohol, namun dalam kenyataannya tingkat kecelakaan dan perkelahian pasca konsumsi minuman beralkohol masih tetap tinggi. Bertahannya kebiasaan konsumsi minuman beralkohol pada masyarakat ada kaitannya dengan faktor keluarga, individu pelaku konsumsi dan maraknya minuman beralkohol yang beredar luas di tengah masyarakat, oleh karena itu upaya yang diharapkan oleh peneliti adalah pemerintah mengambil sikap tegas dengan mengeluarkan Peraturan Daerah (PERDA) terkait minuman beralhokol, untuk mampu meredam berdar luasnya minuman beralkohol tersebut.Kata Kunci : Minuman beralkohol, Peraturan Daerah, Teluk Bintuni

Отношение к нищим государства и общества в советское время (ATTITUDE TO THE POVERTY OF THE STATE AND SOCIETY IN SOVIET TIME)

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-62
Author(s):  
Наталья Валерьевна (Natalia Valerievna) Шляхтина (Shlyakhtina)
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Soviet Time ◽  
The Government

Автор рассматривает социальную категорию нищих в религиозном контексте, а также в свете конкретной русской этнической традиции. В последнем случае нищие были близки группе «странников», богомольцев, которые посвятили свою жизнь паломничеству по святым местам. Между тем уже в начале XX в. немалое число нищих были просто бедняками, не имеющими дома и заработка. В советское время с нищенством начинают целенаправленно бороться, как с социально вредным явлением. Но при этом советская власть своими масштабными проектами – индустриализацией и особенно коллективизацией, борьбой с враждебными классами, порождала миллионы нищих. Она боролась с ними, как с врагами народа. Еще одна большая волна нищих появилась после Великой Отечественной войны, но и эти нищие не нашли должного сочувствия у власти. В целом, отношение к нищим в советское время можно охарактеризовать как репрессивное, вне традиции, вне религиозных норм, что служит обличением власти. The author considers the social category of the poor in a religious context, as well as in the light of a specific Russian ethnic tradition. In the latter case, the poor were close to the category of “wanderers,” pilgrims who dedicated their lives to pilgrimage to holy places. Meanwhile, at the beginning of the XX century. a considerable number of beggars were simply poor people who did not have a home or income. In Soviet times, the authorities began to struggle with poverty in a deliberate way, as with a socially harmful phenomenon. But at the same time, the Soviet government with its large-scale projects - industrialization and especially collectivization, the struggle against hostile classes - generated millions of beggars. It fought with them, as with the enemies of the people. Another big wave of beggars appeared after World War II, but these beggars did not meet the proper sympathy of the government. In general, the attitude towards the poor in Soviet times can be described as repressive, outside of tradition, outside of religious norms, which serves as a denunciation of power.

Parties and the Common Good

1939 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mortimer Adler
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
The People ◽  
Geographical Separation ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Government

This paper has a twofold intention.The first is to discuss the problem of political parties, — their justification and status, — in a society which requires political democracy as the set of political institutions appropriate for the government of men living under modern social and economic conditions. (By these modern conditions I mean such things as the economic forms of production and distribution in the industrial era; the organization of labor in relation to economic enterprise; the intensity and extensity of communication among men living in geographical separation and, consequently, the physical enlargement of the civic association; the approximation to universal education; the spread of literacy, etc.) There are two points to be noted here:(1) That modern society is or tends toward a democracy in its physical and economic conditions, whether in a given instance its political forms are outwardly democratic, as in France, England and the United States, or anti-democratic, as in Italy, Germany and Russia.(a) Not only does Russia publicize its claim to being democratic and make constitutional efforts in that direction which are, of course, at once vitiated by the persistence of its totalitarian regime; but even Germany and Italy give an appearance of democracy, — though they abominate the thought and word, — an appearance which is a reverse and distorted image. Thus, by the pressure of propaganda and the exercise of brutal force, the rulers of Germany and Italy try to make it appear that they have a mandate from the people for their policies.

scholarly journals Strategi Para Tokoh Agama Dalam Mendidik Kerukunan Eksternal dan Implikasinya terhadap Keutuhan NKRI di Bangka Belitung

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
Suparta Suparta
Keyword(s):  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Religious People ◽  
The People ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Rules

There are three strategies carried out by religious leaders in educating religious harmony in their people, especially those related to external harmony.First, the strategy of educating people in the internal harmony of religious people. In this case all religious leaders each agreed to foster their people to live in harmony and peace. Of course this direction is in accordance with the teachings of the respective books. Second, the strategy of educating their people to get along with other fellow religions. They try their best so that every people always respect and respect other religions, they cannot force the will of their religion, they must not mutilate each other and also not harm other religious people. This is also stated in the scriptures in each religion. Third, the strategy of educating the people to get along well with the government. all religious teachings order that they always have good relations and respect for their government. This is because all realize that we live in the same country, namely the Indonesian state in one power and government. So respecting, respecting and fulfilling government rules is a must. The strategy to maintain the integrity of the NKRI was also agreed upon by all religious leaders. They agreed that if the basis of the Indonesian state is Pancasila, don't change it again. This is because so far what can unite all religious teachings in Indonesia is Pancasila. For this reason the NKRI is intact and will remain intact if all religions maintain the Pancasila.

scholarly journals The Public Square: Memory and Meaning

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulen Cevik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Public Identity ◽  
Public Square ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
Public Property ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

The term public has a rather ambiguous and broad meaning so does public space. Considering “its full development as a product of modern capitalist society,”¹ public space is constructed alongside private space. Kost of points out the organizational and legal consequences of “explicitly defining and articulating an outdoor space for the common good” in that “the people assume a double responsibility: the upkeep of this space and its preservation as public property.”²As such, public spaces can serve as sites where public identity and meaning are negotiated in complex ways. Today, even in countries governed by western style democracy, the use and access to public spaces are often restricted and policed. Public spaces can be highly politicized when they become the setting for the glorification of leaders, social activism, political uprisings, conflict and violence. Since public spaces are one of many settings where citizens experience their city, what happens when public spaces are under attack? What if the memory and the meaning are transformed into fragmented and irrelevant pieces by business interests or the government? What happens to public life when public spaces are stripped off of their spaceness?

scholarly journals Fallujah's Position on the May 1941 Movement (Documentary Study)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Khamis Hamza ◽  
Ali Hussein Ali Saed
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
British Government ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
European Continent ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

The outbreak of World War II in September 1939 had a negative impact not only on the European continent, but also most of the countries of Asia and Africa. Iraq was affected because of its political and economic association with the British government, which was one of the parties involved in that war. The Iraqi and British governments had signed a treaty concerning their political, economic and military relationship on 30 June 1930. It came into force after the end of the mandate and the entry of Iraq League of Nations in 1932, but that the treaty was only a new framework for the continuation of the British occupation. The situation was exacerbated when the military became the helm of the government after the 1936 coup led by Bakr Sidqi, which caused much anxiety within the British government and the strained relations between it and the Iraqi government despite the British recognition of the coup government. These tensions became more evident when World War II broke out. At this point, the British government demanded that Iraq abide by the provisions of the 1930 Treaty by declaring war on Germany. However, the Iraqi government. In addition to the severing of diplomatic relations, the tension between the British and Iraqi governments were intensified by Italy’s entry into the war with Germany. Iraq refused to sever its diplomatic relations with Germany, but allowed the Italian government to open an embassy in Baghdad, which Britain considered an act of hostility. Military operations between the Iraqi and British armies continued throughout May 1941, known to the historical sources as ‘the movement of Mayes’ or ‘the revolt of Rashid Ali Kilani’ or ‘the Iraq war the British second’. The Dulaim brigade and nearby villages were involved in the greatest share of those clashes, which left material and human destruction on the people of the judiciary in particular, and the Dulaim brigade and Iraq in general. This ended with the occupation of Fallujah by British forces on the 19th of May 1941. It is useful to consider the position of Falluja in the context of the military battles that took place between the Iraqi and British armies during this period. The study is divided into four subjects .the first subject was titled as ”the British- Iraqi treaties until 1930”. It deals with most important provisions of the treaty, which became controversial. The second subject was ”Falluja and preliminaries of May’s Movement” clarifies the British government’s request, under the terms of the 1930 treaty, that Iraq declare war on the Axis countries headed by Germany. This request was rejected by the Iraqi government. In particular, this segment considers events after Rashid Ali al-Kilani became prime minister and the anti-British military leaders took control of Iraq, as well as the military and political preparations taken by the Iraqi and British governments throughout April 1941. This study also explores their impact on the situation in the Fallujah district, which forms the third segment, titled “Fallujah and the Second Iraqi- British War”. This section explores the most important battles occuring in the lands of Fallujah district, and the role of the people of the judiciary in supporting The Iraqi army against the British forces, which prompted the latter to take revenge on them after occupying the center of killing and sabotage on the nineteenth of May 1941, Atanih than the recent push to revenge them after the occupation of the district center of death and destruction on the 19th of May 1941, and the steps that were taken after a full occupation of the land district of Fallujah until the entry of British troops to Baghdad on the fifth of June of the same year. Keywords: Fallujah, Documentary, Movement, May, Position

Mythologeme of Asceticism in the National Cinema the 1930s

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Yuliya V Zubkina
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
State Level ◽  
Moral Code ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
The Road ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Happy Family

The article is devoted to the mythologeme of asceticism, widespread in the domestic cinema of the 1930s and closely connected with the mythmaking of the Soviet system, the ideology of which was largely based on the moral principles of Christianity. Acting as the apparatus of agitation, the cinema of the big style created a new mythology, its cultural hero was an ascetic who orders chaos and ready for self-sacrifice for the sake of the common good. A distinctive feature of the big style was the so-called mythological triad: the party (invisibly present behind the scenes) - the mentor and the pupil (the teacher Sergeyev - the homeless Mustafa in the Road to Life, the secretary of the district committee - Sasha Sokolova in the Member of the Government, etc.) The pupil - in the past standing at the lowest level of the social hierarchy finds its light way by successfully realizing the main socialist message who was nothing will become everything. Ascetic is an innovator and an envoy of Soviet power, a mediator between her and the people, dictating to society a new moral code (Teacher, Member of the Government). Mass promotion of women as one of the most oppressed members of society to key positions occurred in the 1930s. At this time, the Cinderella archetype literally blossoms: the fate of a woman from the people becomes a living embodiment of the idea of a society of equal opportunities (Member of the Government, The Light Road, Volga-Volga, Jolly Fellows). While the official equality of citizens is declared at the state level, true equality and spiritual kinship of souls are achieved only through personal achievements for the benefit of the country. For a happy family life and successful self-fulfillment in the work collective, asceticism was an indispensable condition and a natural form of existence, prescribed from above by the norm of life. Thus, the idea of asceticism as the main principle of Christianity will become the basis of a new mythology, proposed by the Soviet power instead of the forbidden religion.

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis on Historic Inflation Rate in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
P Karthikeyan ◽  
M Manikandan
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
The People ◽  
Wholesale Price Index ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
Price Hike ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

India's inflationary experience was a varied basket. There were some years the annual inflation rate reached a maximum of 40%, while other years were negative. Wholesale price index, differs in a wide range as the lowest value of -12.5% for the year 1952-53 and the highest amount of 38.3% for the year 1943-44. The highest value is due to the end of the world war-II. The years of high, inflation is mainly the impact of War, low agricultural production due to drought and oil price hike up in foreign countries. The inflation rate was below 6% for 38 years and above 6% for 40 years out of 78 years beginning from 1939-40 to 2016-2017. Suppose, it is assumed that India's bearable rate of Inflation is equal to or below 6%, then, India appears to be worst in controlling inflation. On the other hand, the rate of inflation above 6% to 15% was for 31years and above 15% for nine years. Therefore, many accept as accurate that India is to be an Inflation driven country. The severe economic setback in the Indian economy is inflation, which hinders the economic power of the people. Most of the people are still suffering due to increase in India. These major study aims to support the Government, and economists should generate better policies for the control the rise.

scholarly journals Perjuangan Rakyat Banten Melawan Belanda: Studi Tentang K.H. Wasyid

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Parlindungan Siregar
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The People ◽  
Military Background ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
The Government

Abstract The Dutch administration took-over  VOC in 1799 following its collaps and bangkrupt. Since, there were many government policies to the people of Netherlands Indies caused greater challenges form the people by making against and rebellions. These against and rebellions  had started from the beginning of nineteen century to the end, i.e. the revolt of the Banten peasent in Cilegon 1888 under K.H. Wasyid command. This study focused on how K.H. Wasyid made contact with the other religious leaders;  like kiai, ustadz, sufi teacher, and with other  informal leader like Jawara to involve and joint the action of against and rebellion faced the government. And how he made planning and preparation. The other question which is to be answered related to why his call very interesting for them whereas he was not a military background. This study also to know what was the matter in this rebellion, before, and after. Academicaly, the role of K.H. Wasyid was not elaborated by scholars yet  although this rebellion was precepted seriously by the Dutch Administration and commented by many professors.---Abstrak Pemerintah konial Belanda mengambil-alih VOC pada tahun 1799 sebab korupsi dan bangkrut. Sejak itu, banyak kebijakan pemerinah yang diambil berimplikasi sangat.  Akhirnya mereka melakukan perlawanan dan pemberontakan terhadap pemerintah yang dimulai sejak awal abad XIX hingga pemberontakan Cilegon 1888 yang dipimpin KH. Wasyid. Studi tentang ini fokus pada bagaimana KH. Wasyid melakukan kontak dengan pemimpin-pemimpin agama lainnya seperti Kiai, Ustadz, dan guru sufi agar terlibat dan  ikut aksi perlawanan dan bagaimana beliau membuat perencanaan dan persiapan. Pertanyaan berikutnya adalah mengapa ajakan KH. Wasid menarik padahal beliau tidak terlatih dalam militer. Riset ini juga penting untuk mengetahui apa yang terjadi dalam peristiwa ini dan sesudahnya. Peran KH. Wasyid belum dielaborasi secara akademik oleh para sarjana padahal pemberontakan ini dianggap serius oleh pemerintah kolonial bahkan banyak guru besar yang mengomentari peristiwa ini.DOI: 10.15408/al-turas.v23i1.4801

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