scholarly journals Adhesion to Tuberculosis Preventive Measures by Health Workers in Diagnostic and Treatment Centers in Douala - Cameroon 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile Djuikoue ◽  
Alex Ndjip Ndjock ◽  
Irene Wandji ◽  
Willy Yamdeu Tchoukouha ◽  
Frank Nounkeu Kouteu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
The City

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in Africa and more particularly in sub-Saharan countries such as Cameroon due to its impact on mortality, morbidity and socio-economic repercussions on the population in general, in this case in big cities like Douala. In 2018, the Littoral region in Cameroon recorded more than 5,000 cases of tuberculosis representing a quarter of the total number of TB patients in in the country. The application of measures to control TB infection and the regular surveillance of tuberculosis disease among health workers and at all levels of the health system constitute a public health priority, not only for health and administrative workers, but also for all users. This study assessed the adherence to preventive measures against TB by health workers of the diagnostic and treatment centers in the city of Douala. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among health workers from 12 TB screening and treatment centers in the city of Douala. It took place from July 20, 2020 to August 15, 2020. The data were collected using an observation grid designed on the basis of the technical guidelines for health professionals 4th Edition set up by the WHO and contextualized in Cameroon through the technical guidelines for health professionals in Cameroon 2020. The data collected was analyzed using the statistical software Epi Info 7.2.3.1. Results: The implementation of preventive measures (administrative, environmental and individual) against TB by health workers in the diagnostic and treatment centers in the city of Douala was insufficient with the respective adherence average of 79.16% for management measures, 71.80% for environmental measures and 54.76% for individual protection measures. Conclusion: The poor implementation of infection control measures in the TB diagnostic and treatment centers in the city of Douala can promote exposure of health workers to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. An institutional effort required to resolve this issue and strengthen TB prevention activities.

scholarly journals Intensive care unit professionals' knowledge and behavior related to the adoption of contact precautions

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Cristina de Oliveira ◽  
Clareci Silva Cardoso ◽  
Daniela Mascarenhas
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
Contact Precautions ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study aimed to assess the knowledge and behavior of professionals working in Intensive Care Units (ICU) related to the adoption of contact precautions for the control of hospital infections (HI). This cross-sectional study used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were carried out, including logistic regression and decision tree using CHAID algorithm. A total of 102 professionals participated in the study, of whom 36.3% presented appropriate knowledge and 51% appropriate behavior in relation to HI control measures. Nursing professionals had almost four times more chance (OR = 3.58, CI 1.48-8.68) of presenting appropriate behavior than the remaining professionals. The multivariate analysis did not reveal variables associated with knowledge. No statistically significant association was found between knowledge and behavior (p = 0.196). These results suggest the need to implement educational activities so as to permit a balance between theory and professionals' practice concerning HI preventive measures, aiming to improve knowledge and behavior.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding malaria among residents of rural Mangalore, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Animesh Gupta ◽  
Aishwarya Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Malaria is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases worldwide and India has fourth highest number of malaria cases and deaths in the world. Prevention of the disease through better knowledge and awareness is the appropriate way to keep the disease away and remain healthy. Thus, the present study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding malaria among residents of Mangalore.Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among residents in Mangalore. The data was collected by using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire which include socio-demographic data, basic knowledge about malaria, transmission and preventive measures and health seeking behaviour regarding malaria through interview method.Results: Almost 98.4% respondents heard of malaria disease and 96% respondents had knowledge that malaria is caused by mosquito bite. Even, majority (72%) of respondents knew that malaria can be fatal. Regarding the symptoms of malaria, 52.4% respondents mentioned fever with chills and 11.6% respondents don’t know about malarial symptoms.Conclusions: Majority of the respondents were familiar with the malaria symptoms, mode of transmission and vector control measures. They had good knowledge of malaria disease and good practices of malaria control measures.

scholarly journals Cross Sectional Study of Brucellosis in Cattle Slaughtered in Abattoirs within the Transit City of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
J. O Aiyedun
Keyword(s):  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tube Test ◽  
The City ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Serum Agglutination ◽  
Actual Incidence

Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonosis in the world; it is highly contagious and caused by a group of organisms in the genus Brucella. The disease remains endemic in Nigeria and its actual incidence and prevalence are unknown due to both inadequate surveillance and systems of reporting outbreaks. This study was designed to determine the sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Ilorin, Kwara State, a gateway to states, and countries engaging in livestock trades within and around Nigeria. A total of 224 blood samples were randomly collected from cattle slaughtered at the two metropolitan abattoirs in the city. The study employed a combination of 2 serological techniques; the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and the Serum Agglutination Tube Test (SAT). Of the 224 cattle screened, 10.71% tested positive with Rose Bengal Antigen, while 11.16% tested positive for Serum Agglutination Tube Test (SATT). Prevalence was higher in cows (11.44%) than in bulls (8.69%). There was no significant relationship between the prevalence of bovine brucellosis and any of the variables examined. However, the overall prevalence (11.16%) observed in the study was significant. Thus, the need for drastic public health interventions/control measures on brucellosis in the livestock industry in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Assessment of the implementation of preventive measures by Iraqis people to reduce the spread of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Rawaa Kamel-Abd ◽  
Vinoth Raman-Rangan
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background and aim The new outbreak “Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)” happened in china is caused by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Consequently, it spreads across the globe and is affecting wellbeingframeworks and the global economy. This pandemic disease places a heavy burden on governments in general, so individuals must adhere to WHO's instructions to limit its spread. The current study was applied to find out the extent of commitment among theIraqi people to the standards of prevention measures against the coronavirus.Materials and Methods A cross sectional study was conducted with 1 153 respondents widely in all governorates of Iraq to identify the commitment of the Iraqis to the preventive measures against COVID-19 in Iraq. This study covered the Iraqis in three mainregions (Southern, middle, and Northern) for data collection. It was conducted between the 17th and 25th of March 2020, and Iraqis were administered with a structured questionnaire comprising of three domains.Results The results showed that the majority of the respondents (52%) were female, and most of them (42.3%) were observed between the age group of 31-40 years. About 82% of the respondents were residents of urban areas.Conclusion This study reveals the excellent implementation of preventive measures by the population. It is observed that the application of prevention standards in the countryside is less than in the city.

scholarly journals Biological risk in the activity of the nurse auditor.

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (70) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucieno De Moura Santos ◽  
James Anthony Falk
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Services ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
Hospital Work ◽  
Terapia Intensiva ◽  
The City ◽  
Surgical Unit

ABSTRACTThe hospital work environment is considered unhealthy for grouping patients with different infectious diseases and providing many procedures which may lead to accident risks and diseases for health workers. Employees who are potentially exposed to risks have to be informed and trained to avoid health problems. This study aimed to identify if the nurse auditor is exposed to biological risks in the development of their activities. It is a descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional study with quantitative analysis. It was held in a private, medium-sized hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, which has clinical and cardiological emergency services; hospitalization; diagnostic aid; surgical unit and intensive care unit. The sample consisted of 31 internal and external nurses, in relation to the characterization of the sample or study revealed that the interviewees are mostly women aged 27 to 38 years, with 4 to 6 years of professional experience and who sporadically attend courses of improvement. 94% of the interviewees answered that there was presence of blood or secretion in the audited medical records, and 84% of them reported that this happened sporadically. 65% are in contact with the patient (on-site) and 85% do not receive the additional unhealthy. The evaluation for the payment of hazard pay is qualitative, what can help to ensure that each employer adopt the way you believe to be the most convenient for the implementation or not of this payment. Key words: biological risk, nursing, auditory. RESUMOO ambiente de trabalho hospitalar é considerado insalubre por agrupar pacientes portadores de diversas enfermidades infectocontagiosas e viabilizar muitos procedimentos que oferecem riscos de acidentes e doenças para os trabalhadores da saúde. Os funcionários potencialmente expostos aos riscos precisam estar informados e treinados para evitar problemas de saúde. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar se o enfermeiro auditor está exposto a riscos biológicos no desenvolvimento de suas atividades. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, transversal com análise quantitativa. Foi realizado em um hospital privado, de médio porte, na cidade de Recife-PE, Brasil, que possui os serviços de emergência clínica e cardiológica; internação; auxílio ao diagnóstico; bloco cirúrgico e unidade de terapia intensiva. A amostra foi composta por 31 enfermeiros auditores internos e externos, em relação a caracterização da amostra o estudo revelou que os entrevistados em sua maioria são mulheres com idade de 27 a 38 anos, com 4 a 6 anos de experiência profissional e que esporadicamente frequentam cursos de aperfeiçoamento, 94% dos entrevistados responderam que havia presença de sangue ou secreção nos prontuários auditados sendo que 84% destes, relataram que este fato ocorria de maneira esporádica, 65% atuam em contato com o paciente (in loco) e 85% não recebem o adicional de insalubridade. A avaliação para o pagamento da insalubridade é qualitativa, o que pode contribuir para que cada empregador adote a maneira que acredita ser a mais conveniente para a efetivação ou não desse pagamento. Palavras-chave: risco biológico, enfermagem, auditoria.

scholarly journals Serology with ML Flow test in health professionals from three different states of Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Lucena Sampaio Calado ◽  
Mônica Maria Ferreira Magnanini ◽  
Rodrigo Scaliante de Moura ◽  
Maria Eugenia Noviski Gallo ◽  
Samira Bührer-Sékula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Leprosy Patients

BACKGROUND: In highly endemic countries, transmission and sub-clinical infection of leprosy are likely and the disease manifests itself in individuals without any known close contact with a leprosy patient. Health workers are social contacts belonging to the same network (the Health System) and some of them share the same social environment (nursing assistants) as patients with known patients and / or carriers. OBJECTIVE: To identify ML Flow seropositivity among health professionals. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a serological survey with the ML Flow test in 450 health professionals (doctors, nurses and nursing assistants), in order to detect seropositivity in areas of high and low endemicity in municipalities from three Brazilian states (RJ, MS and RS). RESULTS: The results showed general 16% seropositivity, higher in low endemic areas, regardless of whether there was direct care for leprosy patients. Paradoxically, a statistical association was observed between the area studied and seropositivity, as the place with the lowest endemicity (CA) had the highest seropositivity rate (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION: The authors suggest these results are associated with a presence of an unspecified link to bovine serum albumin (BSA), carrier of PGL-1 in the ML Flow test, and recommend expanded seroepidemiological research utilizing tests with human and bovine albumin.

scholarly journals Community Preventive Measures Related to Coronavirus Disease-19 among Iraqi Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 325-329
Author(s):  
Taqi Mohammed Jwad Taher ◽  
Shaymaa Abdul Lateef Al-Fadhul ◽  
Zainab Abbas Hassooni
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mean Differences

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus (CoV) disease (COVID)-19 outbreak is considering as a health disaster which threatens the world right now because of its higher infectivity and unavailability of definite vaccine or treatment. The only effective strategies are a commitment to prevention and quarantine of the diseased people to decrease the transmission and spreading. AIM: The objective of the study was to assess the preventive measures adopted by the Iraqi population to protect themselves from acquiring severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 infection in correlation with their age, sex, educational level, and occupation. METHODS: A total of 619 volunteers were involved in this online cross-sectional study, all of them answered a semi-structured questionnaire including 14 questions regarding the preventive practices. The questionnaire was distributed into three general and mixed Facebook groups during the period from April 18 to 28. Data analyzed by SPSS version 23 using frequency tables and descriptive statistics for numerical continuous age variable, t-test, and ANOVA were used for mean differences in the preventive scores. RESULTS: The sociodemographic features of participants were showed that 81.3% were women and 91.9% had college or higher education. The majority (75.6%) were <30 years old and 42.5% governmentally employed. The mean preventive practice score mentioned by them was 2.60 ± 0.28 with the highest three scores was for stay away from infected and sick people, avoid crowded places, and avoid travel and commuting. A significant difference was found in the practice score according to age, gender, and occupation (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Iraqi people mentioned that they always adhere to the health instructions related to COVID-19 prevention as suggested by the government, health workers, and organizations. Male, students, and people younger than 30 years are less frequently followed the main preventive measures.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Behaviour Towards Tetanus Toxoid Immunisation in South-South, Nigeria: Findings from Antenatal Clinic Attendees

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias G. Abah ◽  
Otobong A. Asuquo ◽  
Emmanuel C Inyangetoh
Keyword(s):  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Third World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Source Of Information

Tetanus infection has remained a major health problem in the third world countries despite the availability and accessibility of effective antibodies as vaccines. The knowledge of women about the diseases may affect their behavior with regards to prevention of the disease. This was a descriptive cross sectional study to assess the knowledge and behavior towards tetanus toxoid immunization by 252 antenatal clinic attendees in two health facilities Uyo metropolis. The majority of respondents had heard about Tetanus infection 247(98.1%) and tetanus toxoid (97.2%), with Health workers being the main source of information 213 (85.9%). Most, 228(90.5%) knew it is for prevention, while only 80 (31.7%) were aware 5 doses confer lifetime immunity.  Most of the women 236 (93.7%) had received at least a dose of TT; 123(52.1%) had up to 5 doses, while 184(78%) claimed they had completed the immunisation schedule. The commonest reason some had not received any was its not being offered to them (31.3%). There was a global positive attitude towards TT immunisation. The level of education but not age of respondents was statistically associated with being immunized (P=0.001).The study showed a fairly good awareness of tetanus infection and immunisation with   misconceptions and a good disposition unmatched by practice. There is therefore the need for proper health education especially on the number of doses, intervals/ schedules, the protection offered, as well as need for the evaluation of the content of health enlightenment information provided by health personnel to mothers attending ANCs

scholarly journals Hepatitis-B: an Alarming Infectious Condition- How Aware are We???

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Paridhi Rawat ◽  
Himanshu Aeran ◽  
Anubha Agarwal ◽  
Vijay Nautiyal
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Occupational Risks

<strong>Background &amp; Objectives:</strong>Infections caused by blood-borne pathogens like HCV, HBV or HCV have emerged as a hurricane for health-care workers. Among them, Hepatitis-B is a leading cause of morbidity &amp; mortality all around the world especially placing health workers at higher occupational risks. Also percutaneous injuries in dental clinic are risk factors for transmission of HBV. Hence a bi-directional relationship exists between dentist &amp; patient regarding transmission of HBV. The present study is designed to evaluate degree of awareness &amp; knowledge about HBV &amp; status of vaccination against it, among the dental students &amp; clinicians.<p><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 dental professionals including 41 clinicians, 45 post-graduate students, 80 interns and 113 B.D.S III &amp; IV Yr students by means of a questionnaire. Data was collected &amp; then analyzed in SPSS version-16.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> Our results were noteworthy that nearly 89.6% claimed that hepatitis-b is preventable. Positively, 90.71% subjects were vaccinated against HBV &amp; 62.8% showed positive attitude towards HBV+ patients. However, some alarming findings are that 54.64% didn’t know about post-exposure prophylaxis and 79.84% didn’t have any idea about serum HBV DNA viral load considered safe according to CDC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present study consolidates the urgent need for further spread of knowledge &amp; awareness about Hepatitis-B. We also highlight practice of “Standard Infection Control” measures and strict adherence to tenets of CDC guidelines. Hence the call of the hour is to spread awareness about Hepatitis-B which can turn to be a “mouse or an elephant in dental clinic.”</p>

scholarly journals Communication mediums used by patients and health professionals during access and provision of healthcare in low resource settings: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Dongyele ◽  
Daniel Ansong ◽  
Francis Osei Adjei ◽  
Evans Xamuzu ◽  
Nicholas Karikari Mensah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reminder System ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background: The issue of mediums to communicate to make enquiries to a hospital in finding out the type of services available, availability of physicians and beds at the receiving hospitals, and a reminder system remains a challenge for patients and providers of the health service in the Sub-Sharan Africa. This present study sought to review the existing healthcare communication mediums from the perspectives of patients and health professionals at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, KumasiMethod A cross-sectional design was employed with a multilevel sampling method to select a total of 651 participants consisting of 304 patients, 303 health workers and 44 hospital directorate managers for the study. A well-structured survey questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents.Results Most hospital staff (66.4%) used a blend of social media and direct means (face-to-face medium) for communicating among themselves whereas 89.8% only communicates with management through meetings sections. Predominantly, 97.4% of the staff communicated by direct means (face-to-face medium) with patients. Almost all the management of the hospital communicated with the general public using mediums like letters and official memos.Conclusions There is evidence of combination of both traditional mediums (face-to-face) and the technological mediums (social media) for communications by health providers and health consumers. However there is a dissatisfaction with delayed information flow and poor feedback with the use of these available mediums. Therefore, a digital mobile application communication system is recommended to offer efficient communication within and outside the Ghanaian health facilities.

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