scholarly journals Evaluation of skin-surface interleukin 1 α, interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, CXCL-1/2 and β-defensin-1 as non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring psoriasis vulgaris

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadri Orro ◽  
Kristiina Salk ◽  
Kristi Abram ◽  
Jelena Arshavskaja ◽  
Anne Meikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Lesional Skin ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Surface Measurements

Abstract Background: There is a need for non-invasive diagnostic tools that can objectively measure psoriasis activity and that can be used to monitor therapeutic effects of psoriasis treatment. This study aimed to determine whether non-invasive measurements of proteins from psoriasis lesional skin can be used to assess disease severity and to measure treatment efficacy. Results: Using FibroTx TAP technology for protein-measurements directly from the surface of skin, clear differences in levels of IL-1a, IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 were found between psoriasis lesional skin and non-lesional skin. No clear correlations were found between FibroTx TAP measurements and PASI scoring, with the exception of a mild correlation between CXCL-1/2 and scaling. Similarly, no clear correlations were found between FibroTx TAP measurements and ultrasound measurements of skin, with the exception of a weak correlation between IL-1RA and SLEB thickness. Monitoring IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 on skin lesions undergoing narrow-band UVB phototherapy clearly reflected normalisation of skin. Conclusions: Skin-surface measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 have potential for assessing severity of psoriasis and for monitoring treatment efficacy. Measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 displayed a disease profile distinct from PASI or sonography, thus confirming that measuring the ‘molecular root’ of inflammation has value for scoring disease severity in its own right.

scholarly journals Evaluation of skin-surface interleukin 1 α, interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, CXCL-1/2 and β-defensin-1 as non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring psoriasis vulgaris

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadri Orro ◽  
Kristiina Salk ◽  
Kristi Abram ◽  
Jelena Arshavskaja ◽  
Anne Meikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Lesional Skin ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Monitoring Treatment

Abstract There is a need for non-invasive diagnostic tools that can objectively measure psoriasis activity and that can be used to monitor therapeutic effects of psoriasis treatment. This study aimed to determine whether non-invasive measurements of proteins from psoriasis lesional skin can be used to assess disease severity and to measure treatment efficacy.Using FibroTx TAP technology for protein-measurements directly from the surface of skin, clear differences in levels of IL-1α, IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 were found between psoriasis lesional skin and non-lesional skin. No clear correlations were found between FibroTx TAP measurements and PASI scoring, with the exception of a mild correlation between CXCL-1/2 and scaling. Similarly, no clear correlations were found between FibroTx TAP measurements and ultrasound measurements of skin, with the exception of a weak correlation between IL-1RA and SLEB thickness. Monitoring IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 on skin lesions undergoing narrow-band UVB phototherapy clearly reflected normalisation of skin.Skin-surface measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 have potential for assessing severity of psoriasis and for monitoring treatment efficacy. Measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 displayed a disease profile distinct from PASI or sonography, thus confirming that measuring the ‘molecular root’ of inflammation has value for scoring disease severity in its own right.

scholarly journals Evaluation of skin-surface interleukin 1 alpha, interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, CXCL-1/2 and  beta-defensin-1 as non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring psoriasis vulgaris

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadri Orro ◽  
Kristiina Salk ◽  
Kristi Abram ◽  
Jelena Arshavskaja ◽  
Anne Meikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Lesional Skin ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Surface Measurements

Abstract Background: Psoriatic skin is typically evaluated through visual assessment of its clinical hallmarks: thickness, redness and scaling of skin lesions. Sonography is used to physically monitor disease severity through physical assessment of the skin outer layers. Both methods assess consequences of inflammation rather than the molecular basis of disease. The aim of the current study was to assess 1) whether expression patterns of IL-1α, IL-1RA, CXCL-1, CXCL-2, and hBD-1, examples of proteins known to drive psoriasis pathology, can be measured non-invasively from the skin surface, 2) whether expression patterns of these proteins correlate with disease severity, and 3) whether skin surface expression of these proteins can be used to measure pharmacodynamic effects of psoriasis treatment. Results: Using non-invasive FibroTx TAP technology for sampling and measurements of proteins from the skin of psoriasis patients revealed clear differences of IL-1α, IL-1RA, CXCL-1/2 on lesional skin when compared to non-lesional skin or skin from healthy volunteers. Comparing these expression patterns with visual assessment of thickness, redness and scaling of skin lesions revealed no significant quantitative correlations, with the exception of a weak correlation between CXCL-1/2 and thickness of lesions. Similarly, there were no significant correlations between FibroTx TAP measurements and ultrasound measurements, with the exception of a weak correlation between CXCL-1/2 and SLEB thickness. The potential of these skin-surface biomarkers were studied by monitoring skin lesions of psoriasis patients undergoing narrow-band UVB (311 nm) phototherapy. During the course of UVB treatment, clear patterns towards normalisation of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 were observed on lesions measured. Conclusions: Skin surface measurements of proteins involved in psoriasis skin pathology, in this study exemplified by IL-1α, IL-1RA, CXCL-1/2 and hBD-1, have potential as biomarkers for monitoring severity of disease, as well as for monitoring pharmacodynamic changes. Skin surface measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 displayed a different profile than achieved by visual scoring of local inflammation or sonography, thus confirming that measuring the ‘molecular root’ of inflammation appears to have value as an objective, non-invasive biomarker measurement for scoring disease severity in its own right.

scholarly journals Melanoma Screening with Computer Aided Dermoscopy System Based on the ABCD Criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Heller Richard ◽  
Guilan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pigmented Skin Lesions ◽  
Early Tumor ◽  
Melanoma Screening

Melanoma mortality rates are the highest amongst skin cancer patients. The 5-year survival rate is 92% if melanoma is diagnosed at an early stage and is localized. If melanoma has spread to other parts of the body, survival is only 13%. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop approaches that can enhance early and accurate diagnosis of melanoma. Dermatoscopy has been widely used to identify early tumor growth. With the addition of computer technology, digital dermatoscopy systems are capable of accurately assessing skin surface features modeled along the ABCD criteria and have been used for clinical assessment of pigmented skin lesions. This paper introduces a non-invasive computerized dermoscopy system that considers lesions on the skin for `diagnosis.

scholarly journals Morphologic Features of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas Using Dermoscopy and High Frequency Ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser ◽  
Joel M. Ramjist ◽  
Neil Shear ◽  
Raed Alhusayen
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Standardized Parameters ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

The diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) is frequently delayed by a median of three years and requires the clinical evaluation of an experienced dermatologist and a confirmatory skin biopsy. Dermoscopy and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) represent two non-invasive diagnostic tools. While dermoscopy is inexpensive and widely used for the diagnosis of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, HFUS of skin lymphomas represents a novel diagnostic approach that is not yet implemented in the routine dermatologic practice. The aim of our study was to prospectively assess skin lesions of patients with either CTCL patches or plaques with dermoscopy and HFUS and to compare the findings with atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. Thirteen patients with an established diagnosis of CTCL, psoriasis, or AD were studied: Dermoscopy features including spermatozoa-like structures and the presence of white scales could assist in differentiating between early-stage CTCL and AD. HFUS measurements of the skin thickness indicated increased epidermal-, thickness in CTCL, and psoriasis compared with AD. Our results support the use of dermoscopy as a useful tool to diagnose CTCL. HFUS could augment the dermatologic assessment, but further studies will be needed to define standardized parameters.

scholarly journals Circulating miRNAs Related to Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transitions (EMT) as the New Molecular Markers in Endometriosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 900-916
Author(s):  
Anna Zubrzycka ◽  
Monika Migdalska-Sęk ◽  
Sławomir Jędrzejczyk ◽  
Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Non Invasive

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue found outside the uterus, most commonly in the peritoneal cavity. Endometriosis lesions are heterogenous but usually contain endometrial stromal cells and epithelial glands, immune cell infiltrates and are vascularized and innervated by nerves. The complex etiopathogenesis and heterogenity of the clinical symptoms, as well as the lack of a specific non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers, underline the need for more advanced diagnostic tools. Unfortunately, the contribution of environmental, hormonal and immunological factors in the disease etiology is insufficient, and the contribution of genetic/epigenetic factors is still fragmentary. Therefore, there is a need for more focused study on the molecular mechanisms of endometriosis and non-invasive diagnostic monitoring systems. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) demonstrate high stability and tissue specificity and play a significant role in modulating a range of molecular pathways, and hence may be suitable diagnostic biomarkers for the origin and development of endometriosis. Of these, the most frequently studied are those related to endometriosis, including those involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), whose expression is altered in plasma or endometriotic lesion biopsies; however, the results are ambiguous. Specific miRNAs expressed in endometriosis may serve as diagnostics markers with prognostic value, and they have been proposed as molecular targets for treatment. The aim of this review is to present selected miRNAs associated with EMT known to have experimentally confirmed significance, and discuss their utility as biomarkers in endometriosis.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effects of EGF-modified curcumin/chitosan nano-spray on wound healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
QingQing Leng ◽  
XianLun Pang ◽  
Huan Shi ◽  
YanLin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Skin Defects ◽  
Post Operation

Abstract Dermal injury, including trauma, surgical incisions, and burns, remain the most prevalent socio-economical health care issue in the clinic. Nanomedicine represents a reliable administration strategy that can promote the healing of skin lesions, but the lack of effective drug delivery methods can limit its effectiveness. In this study, we developed a novel nano-drug delivery system to treat skin defects through spraying. We prepared curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles modified with epidermal growth factor (EGF) to develop an aqueous EGF-modified spray (EGF@CCN) for the treatment of dermal wounds. In vitro assays showed that the EGF@CCN displayed low cytotoxicity, and that curcumin was continuously and slowly released from the EGF@CCN. In vivo efficacy on wound healing was then evaluated using full-thickness dermal defect models in Wistar rats, showing that the EGF@CCN had significant advantages in promoting wound healing. On day 12 post-operation, skin defects in the rats of the EGF@CCN group were almost completely restored. These effects were related to the activity of curcumin and EGF on skin healing, and the high compatibility of the nano formulation. We therefore conclude that the prepared nano-scaled EGF@CCN spray represents a promising strategy for the treatment of dermal wounds.

scholarly journals Gomisin M2 Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Lesions via Inhibition of STAT1 and NF-κB Activation in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene/Dermatophagoides farinae Extract-Induced BALB/c Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4409
Author(s):  
Jinjoo Kang ◽  
Soyoung Lee ◽  
Namkyung Kim ◽  
Hima Dhakal ◽  
Taeg-Kyu Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Dermatophagoides Farinae ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

The extracts of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Schisandraceae) have various therapeutic effects, including inflammation and allergy. In this study, gomisin M2 (GM2) was isolated from S. chinensis and its beneficial effects were assessed against atopic dermatitis (AD). We evaluated the therapeutic effects of GM2 on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE)-induced AD-like skin lesions with BALB/c mice ears and within the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated keratinocytes. The oral administration of GM2 resulted in reduced epidermal and dermal thickness, infiltration of tissue eosinophils, mast cells, and helper T cells in AD-like lesions. GM2 suppressed the expression of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12a, and TSLP in ear tissue and the expression of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17A in auricular lymph nodes. GM2 also inhibited STAT1 and NF-κB phosphorylation in DNCB/DFE-induced AD-like lesions. The oral administration of GM2 reduced levels of IgE (DFE-specific and total) and IgG2a in the mice sera, as well as protein levels of IL-4, IL-6, and TSLP in ear tissues. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated keratinocytes, GM2 significantly inhibited IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL22 through the suppression of STAT1 phosphorylation and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Taken together, these results indicate that GM2 is a biologically active compound that exhibits inhibitory effects on skin inflammation and suggests that GM2 might serve as a remedy in inflammatory skin diseases, specifically on AD.

scholarly journals The Use of Micro- and Nanocarriers for Resveratrol Delivery into and across the Skin in Different Skin Diseases—A Literature Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Beata Szulc-Musioł ◽  
Beata Sarecka-Hujar
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Skin Abnormalities ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Poor Stability

In recent years, polyphenols have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols play an important role in the prevention of bacterial infections, as well as vascular or skin diseases. Particularly, resveratrol, as a multi-potent agent, may prevent or mitigate the effects of oxidative stress. As the largest organ of the human body, skin is an extremely desirable target for the possible delivery of active substances. The transdermal route of administration of active compounds shows many advantages, including avoidance of gastrointestinal irritation and the first-pass effect. Moreover, it is non-invasive and can be self-administered. However, this delivery is limited, mainly due to the need to overpassing the stratum corneum, the possible decomposition of the substances in contact with the skin surface or in the deeper layers thereof. In addition, using resveratrol for topical and transdermal delivery faces the problems of its low solubility and poor stability. To overcome this, novel systems of delivery are being developed for the effective transport of resveratrol across the skin. Carriers in the micro and nano size were demonstrated to be more efficient for safe and faster topical and transdermal delivery of active substances. The present review aimed to discuss the role of resveratrol in the treatment of skin abnormalities with a special emphasis on technologies enhancing transdermal delivery of resveratrol.

scholarly journals Skin Barrier Function in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis: Transepidermal Water Loss and Temperature as Useful Tools to Assess Disease Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinidad Montero-Vilchez ◽  
María-Victoria Segura-Fernández-Nogueras ◽  
Isabel Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Miguel Soler-Gongora ◽  
Antonio Martinez-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Psoriatic Skin ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Healthy Controls

Multiple diagnostic tools are used to evaluate psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD) severity, but most of them are based on subjective components. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and temperature are skin barrier function parameters that can be objectively measured and could help clinicians to evaluate disease severity accurately. Thus, the aims of this study are: (1) to compare skin barrier function between healthy skin, psoriatic skin and AD skin; and (2) to assess if skin barrier function parameters could predict disease severity. A cross-sectional study was designed, and epidermal barrier function parameters were measured. The study included 314 participants: 157 healthy individuals, 92 psoriatic patients, and 65 atopic dermatitis patients. TEWL was significantly higher, while stratum corneum hydration (SCH) (8.71 vs. 38.43 vs. 44.39 Arbitrary Units (AU)) was lower at psoriatic plaques than at uninvolved psoriatic skin and healthy controls. Patients with both TEWL > 13.85 g·m−2h−1 and temperature > 30.85 °C presented a moderate/severe psoriasis (psoriasis area severity index (PASI) ≥ 7), with a specificity of 76.3%. TEWL (28.68 vs. 13.15 vs. 11.60 g·m−2 h−1) and temperature were significantly higher, while SCH (25.20 vs. 40.95 vs. 50.73 AU) was lower at AD eczematous lesions than uninvolved AD skin and healthy controls. Patients with a temperature > 31.75 °C presented a moderate/severe AD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) ≥ 37) with a sensitivity of 81.8%. In conclusion, temperature and TEWL values may help clinicians to determine disease severity and select patients who need intensive treatment.

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