Comparative evaluation of yield and starch content of some potato varieties and their hybrids in conditions of Leningrad region

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (80) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Andrey Ivanov ◽  
◽  
Vera Lebedeva ◽  
Nadim Gadzhiev ◽  
◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  

In 2005-2015. studied the effect of liquid organic fertilizer BIOOD-1 as foliar feeding on the yield and quality of various potato varieties in changing meteorological conditions. According to the results of the experiments, it was established that the most stable yields under various weather conditions were shown by the potatoes of the mid-season variety Bryansk delicacy. The low starch content of varieties Nevsky, Udacha was noted in years of high humidity, but with a lack of moisture, the starch content of these varieties increased in the background variant and in the experiment with organic fertilization. Keywords: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, HYDROTHERMAL COEFFICIENT, MEAN SENIOR PRECIPITATION, POTATO, YIELD, STARCH, HUMIC FERTILIZERS


Author(s):  
A.G. Tulinov ◽  
A.Y. Lobanov ◽  
M.Y. Shlyk ◽  
T.V. Kosolapova

Приведены основные результаты оценки адаптированных к условиям Севера сортов картофеля, сочетающих высокую урожайность и качество клубней, а также устойчивость к болезням. В питомниках конкурсного испытаний (2016 2018 годы) было изучено два сорта Зырянец и Вычегодский в сравнении со стандартным районированным в Республике Коми сортом Невский (среднеранний) и рекомендованным сортом Удача (раннеспелый). Новые сорта картофеля имеют следующие характеристики: урожайность 29,7 29,9 т/га, содержание крахмала 15,2 18,8, высокая устойчивость к грибным болезням (фитофтороз, альтернариоз) и рекомендуются к возделыванию вI Северном иIX Уральском регионах Российской Федерации.The article presents the main results of the assessment of potato varieties adapted to the conditions of the North, combining high yield and quality of tubers, as well as resistance to diseases. In the nurseries of competition tests (20162018), 2 varieties were studied Zyryanets and Vychegodsky in comparison with the standard Nevsky (medium early) variety zoned in the Komi Republic and the recommended variety Udacha (early ripe). As a result of field studies, new potato varieties have the following characteristics: yield 29.729.9 t/ha, starch content 15.218.8, high resistance to fungal diseases (late blight, alternaria) and recommended cultivation in the I North and IX Ural regions of the Russian Federation.


2021 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
А.В. Митюшкин ◽  
А.А. Журавлев ◽  
А.В. Митюшкин ◽  
А.С. Гайзатулин ◽  
С.С. Салюков ◽  
...  

В 2018-2020 годах проведено сравнительное изучение высококрахмалистых сортов картофеля по интенсивности накопления крахмала и размеру крахмальных зерен. Полевые и лабораторные исследования выполнены на экспериментальных базах «Пышлицы» и «Коренево» ФИЦ картофеля имени А.Г. Лорха (Московская область). В качестве исходного материала в опытах использовали шесть сортов картофеля собственной селекции среднераннего (Артур, Садон) и среднеспелого (Авангард, Каскад, Накра, Синеглазка 2016) сроков созревания. Объект исследования – нативный крахмал, полученный по ГОСТ 7699-78 из клубней для определения размера крахмальных зерен безмикроскопным методом. Установлена вариабельность крахмалистости изученных сортов с учетом генотипических особенностей, сроков созревания и условий выращивания. Выявлены наиболее стабильные по уровню крахмалонакопления в клубнях сорта Артур, Каскад, Накра и Синеглазка 2016. Различия в крахмалистости между средними и мелкими клубнями одного и того же сорта более существенны в сравнении с различиями между средними и мелкими клубнями. В летней пробе по уровню крахмалистости клубней выделились сорта Накра (20,0%) и Каскад (19,2%) в сравнении с сортом-стандартом Зарево (19,6%), а также сорта Артур и Синеглазка 2016 с крахмалистостью 18,6% и 18,5% соответственно. При анализе высококрахмалистых сортов показано, что в составе крахмала наибольшее количество крахмальных зерен более 57 мкм содержится в клубнях сортов Накра (60,8%), Синеглазка 2016 (60,5%), Каскад (55,7%) и Артур (56,3%). In 2018-2020, a comparative study of high-starch potato varieties was carried out according to the intensity of starch accumulation and the size of starch grains. Field and laboratory studies were carried out at the experimental bases «Pyshlitsy» and «Korenevo» FPRC of named after A.G. Lorkh (Moscow region). Six varieties of potatoes of their own selection of medium-early (Artur, Sadon) and medium-ripe (Avangard, Kaskad, Nakra, Sineglazka 2016) maturation dates were used as the starting material in the experiments. The object of research is native starch obtained according to GOST 7699-78 from tubers for determining the size of starch grains by a non microscopic method. The variability of the starch content of the studied varieties was established, taking into account genotypic features, maturation periods and growing conditions. The most stable in terms of starch accumulation in tubers of the varieties Artur, Kaskad, Nakra and Sineglazka 2016 were identified. Differences in starchiness between medium and small tubers the same varieties are more significant in comparison with the differences between medium and small tubers. In the summer sample, according to the level of starchiness of tubers, the varieties Nakra (20.0%) and Kaskad (19.2%) were distinguished in comparison with the standard variety Zarevo (19.6%), as well as the varieties Artur and Sineglazka 2016 with a starchiness of 18.6 and 18.5%, respectively. When analyzing highly starchy varieties, it was shown that the largest number of starch grains in the starch composition is more than 57 microns contained in the tubers of the varieties Nakra (60.8%), Sineglazka 2016 (60.5%), Kaskad (55.7%) and Artur (56.3%).


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Аминова ◽  
Evgeniya Aminova ◽  
Мушинский ◽  
Aleksandr Mushinskiy ◽  
Герасимова ◽  
...  

The purpose of research is to identify the most adaptive and productive varieties of potatoes for the steppe zone of Southern Urals. The experience was laid by one-factor circuit in 3-fold repetition. The studies were conducted for middle- and middle-early varieties of potatoes domestic and foreign selection. Determined yield, marketability, starch and dry content in potato tubers. At 4 years of data were allocated potato varieties – Artemis (57.8 t/ha), Aerrow (52.0 t/ha) and Romano (49.5 t/ha). Distinguished highest yield of marketable products varieties: Artemis – 97.9%, Tarasov – 97.7%, and Aerrow Romano – 97.4%. The starch content in tubers was measurable by 10.2% (Ed Scarlett) to 16.0% (Kovalenko Memory), and the dry matter content in tubers ranged from 15.6% (Ed Scarlett) to 23.8% (Memory Kovalenko).


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Valentina Gamajunova ◽  
Lubov Khonenko ◽  
Oksana Iskakova

Potatoes are an extremely important crop for the nutrition of the population in Ukraine. Its potential is high-up to 100 t/ha of tubers, but the average yield reaches 14-16 t/ha. To obtain significantly higher productivity, it is necessary to improve the main elements of cultivation technology. The main factor of potato production on drip irrigation is the optimisation of plant nutrition, which the authors have taken to study with three varieties of early maturing potatoes. Studies have established that providing plants with nutrients with the selection of varieties can increase the productivity of tubers up to 37-39 t/ha, or increase its level compared to the control to 64.7%. It was determined that the maximum yield is provided by the main application from autumn N32P32K32, before planting N48P48K48 and carrying out three top dressings during the growing season simultaneously with watering with a total rate of N33 and Plantafol 6 kg/ha, starting from the beginning of budding with an interval of 8-10 days. At the same time, tubers are formed with high-quality indicators as they contain a sufficient number of dry substances, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and starch. It should be noted that when optimising nutrition, the intake of all the main indicators of potato tubers compared to the control slightly decreased, namely dry substances and starch. On the contrary, the amount of ascorbic acid increased, especially with top dressing with Plantafol. Varietal features regarding the impact on the quality of tubers are also determined. Significantly more dry substances were found in tubers of the Riviera and Prada varieties, and more starch content was found in Prada and Minerva varieties. Slightly less dry matter and ascorbic acid were detected in Minerva potato tubers compared to other varieties. From the grown crop of tubers of the studied potato varieties, it is possible to obtain up to 4.0 t/ha of bioethanol or alcohol if they are processed


Author(s):  
M. Waliur Rahman ◽  
Saiful Islam ◽  
M. Monirul Islam ◽  
M. Sazzad Hossain

A field experiment was carried out at Breeder seed Production Centre (BSPC), Debiganj, Panchagarh during the Rabi season of 2016-2017 to study the effect of five levels of sulphur application on yield and quality attributes of three potato varieties. The main objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of sulphur on the yield and quality of potato varieties. There were five treatments comprising different levels of sulphur such as T1 (control-no sulphur), T2 (75% RDS), T3 (100% RDS), T4 (125% RDS) and T5 (150% RDS). Three BARI released potato variety; BARI Alu 36 (4.26 R), BARI Alu 40 (4.45W) and BARI Alu 25 (Asterix) were used in this experiment. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The tuber yield and yield contributing characters were significantly influenced by the application of sulphur. Maximum tuber yield (39.28 t/ha) was recorded in BARI Alu 40 (4.45 w). Highest dry matter content, specific gravity and starch content were found in BARI Alu 40 (4.45 w), which was followed by BARI Alu 36 (4.26 R) in case of specific gravity and starch content. Sulphur application in potato varieties showed significant influence on tuber yield of potato. This parameter increased with increasing dose of sulphur up to 100% RDS. Thereafter, further increase in sulphur did not showed any remarkable influence. Besides, sulphur application in potato varieties showed significant influence on tuber quality of potato. The maximum dry matter yield and starch yield were recorded in the treatment T3, which was followed by all other  treatments except T1. The minimum dry matter yield and starch yield were recorded in the treatment T1. Combined effect showed insignificant influences between varieties and sulphur levels. BARI Alu 40 (4.45 w) was found superior over other varieties in terms of yield and quality attributes. Treatment T3 (100% RDS) was found superior over other treatments in terms of yield. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
L. I. Kostina ◽  
O. S. Kosareva ◽  
E. V. Truskinov ◽  
T. V. Kirpicheva

Background. Information is provided about the results obtained by screening the VIR collection of improved potato varieties for main commercial traits: earliness, high yield, high starch content, and resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary), viruses, and pests, such as cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis Woll. (Ro1)), and Colorado beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say).Materials and methods. Potato accessions representing domestic and foreign varieties from the VIR collection served as the material for this research. The screening was performed according to the techniques developed at the Potato Genetic Resources Department of VIR.Results and conclusion. Potato varieties with valuable commercial traits were identified as breeding sources promising for earliness: ‘Bashkirskiy’ (k-25338), ‘Charoit’ (k-25221), ‘Colleen’ (k-25224), ‘Lagun’ (k-25294), etc.; for high yield: ‘Ametist’ (k-25336), ‘Banba’ (k-25222), ‘Bastion’ (k-25198), ‘Nur-Alem’ (k-25253), ‘Senim’ (k-25306), etc.; for high starch content: ‘Charaўnik’ (k-25139), ‘Darnitsa’ (k-25179), ‘Lad’ (k-25180), ‘Maksimum’ (k-25136), etc.; for resistance to late blight: local variety (Georgia) (k-25298, k-25326), ‘Sunkar’ (k-25258), ‘Udovitskiy’ (k-25260), ‘Vektor’ (k-25200), ‘Zvezdochka’ (k-25209); for resistance to viruses: ‘Azart’ (k-25196), Gala (k-25270), ‘Nadezhda’ (k-25213), Utro (k-25219), ‘Volat’ (k-25263), etc. Varieties combining resistance to gold potato cyst nematode with other valuable commercial traits were selected. Varieties with relative resistance to Colorado potato beetle were isolated under favorable conditions for the pest’s development. As a result of the research, new source material was identified, with a potential to improve major commercial traits of potato: earliness, high yield, high starch content, resistance to late blight, viruses, and pests (cyst nematode and Colorado beetle).


Author(s):  
E.A. Simakov ◽  
B.V. Anisimov ◽  
S.V. Zhevora ◽  
A.V. Mityushkin ◽  
A.A. Zhuravlev ◽  
...  

Цель работы: изучение эффективности использования доноров и родительских линий при реализации важнейших направлений селекции на основе оптимальных вариантов гибридизации и отбора селекционно ценных генотипов для улучшения питательной ценности клубней новых перспективных сортов картофеля. Материал исследований: сортообразцы из коллекции ВИР и ВНИИКХ, созданные на основе межвидовой гибридизации и последующих возвратных скрещиваний с сортами S. tuberosum. Исследования проводили в 20082018 годах на экспериментальных базах ВНИИКХ Коренево и Пышлицы Московской области. В результате изучения гибридов выявлено трансгрессивное расщепление по крахмалистости клубней при накапливающих скрещиваниях родителей с крахмалистостью 1819, существенно повышающее уровень этого признака в потомстве, слабо коррелирующего с урожайностью. Поэтому идентификация генотипов, сочетающих оба признака, отмечена только на уровне средней популяционной, совпадающей со средней крахмалистостью родителей, а результативность отбора низкокрахмалистых форм значительно выше, поскольку снижение уровня проявления признака не имеет отрицательной корреляции с урожайностью. Среди гибридов с высокой крахмалистостью (1921) клубней отмечены генотипы, содержащие от 50,6 до 61,5 крупных крахмальных гранул (60 мкм), что обусловливает вероятность отбора форм с высоким качеством крахмала. Установлена высокая корреляционная связь (0,897) содержания белка в клубнях родительских форм со средней белковостью потомства, что подтверждает наличие контроля этого признака аддитивно действующими полигенами. При этом в процессе естественного мейотического рекомбиногенеза в гибридных популяциях наблюдается увеличение белковости клубней гибридов в крайних классах вариационного ряда до 3,53,9, что превышает содержания белка контрольных образцов на 1,51,9. При измерении антиоксидантной активности (АОА) сортообразцов коллекционного питомника установлен ее высокий уровень (10321280 мг/кг) у гибридов с пигментированной окраской кожуры и мякоти клубней, отличающихся высоким содержанием каротиноидов и антоцианов, определяющих ее уровень. Среди гибридного потомства от скрещивания красно-фиолетовых и красноклубневых родительских форм отмечено на 9,712,0 больше фенотипов с красно-фиолетовой окраской в сравнении с вариантами скрещивания одинаковых по окраске сортообразцов. Использование выделенных сортообразцов в качестве доноров комплекса хозяйственно полезных признаков позволяет ускорить селекционный процесс и сократить затраты на создание новых сортов картофеля с улучшенной питательной ценностью клубней.The purpose of the work: to study the effectiveness of using donors and parent lines in the implementation of the most important areas of selection based on optimal hybridization options and selection of breeding valuable gene types to improve the nutritional value of tubers of new promising potato varieties. The research material: varietal samples from the collection of VIR and Lorch Potato Research Institute, created on the basis of interspecific hybridization and subsequent return crosses with varieties of S. tuberosum. The research was carried out in 20082018 at the experimental bases of Lorch Potato Research Institute Korenevo and Pyshlitsy Moscow region. As a result of studying hybrids transgressive cleavage of tubers by starchiness was found in accumulating crosses of parents with a starchiness of 18-19, which significantly increases the level of this trait in the offspring, which is rarely correlated with yield. Therefore, identification of genotypes, combined the two features observed only at the level of the average population, coinciding with the average starch content parents, and the effectiveness of the selection low-starchy forms is much higher, since the decrease in the level of a trait has negative correlation with productivity. Hybrids with high starchiness (1921) of tubers, genotypes containing from 50.6 to 61.5 of large starch granules ( 60 mkm) are measured, which makes it possible to select forms with a high starch content. A high correlation (0.897) of the protein content in tubers of the parent forms with the average protein content of the offspring was established, which confirms the presence of control of this feature by additive acting polygens. At the same time, during natural meiotic recombination in hybrid populations, the protein content of hybrid tubers in the extreme classes of the variation series increases to 3.53.9, which exceeds the protein content of control samples by 1.51.9. When measuring the antioxidant activity (AOA) of collectible nursery cultivars, its high level (10321280 mg/kg) was established in hybrids with pigmented skin and pulp of tubers, characterized by a high content of carotenoids and anthocyanins that determine its level. Among the hybrid offspring from the crossing of red-purple and red-tuberous parent forms, the largest number of phenotypes with red-purple color was noted, exceeding by 9.712 other variants. The use of selected variety samples as donors of a complex of economically useful features allows speeding up the selection process and reducing the cost of creating new potato varieties with improved nutritional value of the tubers.


Author(s):  
Nadim Makhish oglu Hajiyev ◽  
Vera Aleksandrovna Lebedeva ◽  
Andrey Viktorovich Ivanov ◽  
Alexey Andreevich Komarov ◽  
Ivan Alekseevich Sokolov

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Severo Ignacio-Cardenas ◽  
◽  
Eugenio Perez Trujillo ◽  
Fernando Jeremias Gonzales Pariona

The study consisted of determination the native starch content in the tubers of the seven landraces potato, developed according to the quantitative approach framework. The samplings of tubers were developed by transect technique, in three production places from Quío town. The starch concentration of the tubers was analyzed in the laboratory of the Agricultural Sciences Faculty at UNHEVAL by the decanting method. The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, contingency and cluster analysis techniques. Starch content variation in landraces potato were from 12.44% in Tarmeña variety to 20.19% in Ishcupuru variety. The results showed that is necessary to be directed towards other bigger studies that approaches alternatives for to promote the human consumption of native potatoes of high nutritional quality food, its use in the food industry; in addition, to developed other research about the genetic improvement of native potatoes for to select varieties that synthesize larger amounts of starch and other industrial value substances. Keywords: Native Potato Starch, Potato Varieties, Transect


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document