scholarly journals Sensory Components of Fruits and Berries

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Ирина Почицкая ◽  
Irina Pochitskaya ◽  
Юрий Росляков ◽  
Yuriy Roslyakov ◽  
Наталья Комарова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Butyl Acetate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Basic Quality ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Acid Index

The research featured consumer properties of 18 varieties of apples, 12 varieties of pears, and 6 varieties of strawberries grown in the Republic of Belarus. The research objective was to study the sensory component composition of apples, pears, and strawberries to select varieties with the best consumer properties. Hexylacetate was detected in Charovnitsa, Zaslavskoye, Belarusian Sinap, and Pamyat Sikory apples. As for the pear varieties, Alesya, Belan, and Krasavita were found to contain butylbutanoate and hexylbutanoate. In all the samples of fresh pears, aroma-forming esters were mainly represented by hexylacetate and butyl acetate. Pears that reached full ripeness contained esters of unsaturated acids that are responsible for a characteristic pear flavor: methyl 2.4-decadienoate and two isomers of (cis-, trans-) ethyl-2.4-decadienoate. All the samples of strawberry contained linalool, which gives a floral flavor. Its quantity differed according to the variety: from 0.4% (Rusish variety) to 4.53% (Alpha variety). The apple varieties of Pamyat Kovalenko, Krasavita, and Dyayment had a high content of sugars (≥ 10%). Charovnitsa, Belana, and Zorka had a low acidity and can be recommended for the production of juice products for children. All the studied varieties of pears had a low sugar content (about 7%) and organic acids (≤ 0.3%), which also makes them suitable for children. The average acid content for strawberry was 9.1 g/kg, while the predominant acid was citric. However, Belarusian strawberries contained less sugar than stated in the databases, an average of 52.5 g/kg. Belana, Dyayment, Zorka, and Charovnitsa apples and Pamyat Yakovleva pears demonstrated a high sugar-acid index and the most harmonious taste. Garden strawberries had a low sugar-acid index value, not more than 6.2. The samples revealed various amounts of catechins, phenolic acids, flavonols, and anthocyanins. The obtained data on the component composition of 18 varieties of apples, 12 varieties of pears, and 6 varieties of garden strawberries of the B elarusian selection can serve as a marker of the authenticity of products by comparing with the existing database of basic quality indicators and the composition of raw materials.

ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSTION OF BLACKBERRIES IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE IN BREEDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (86) ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
D.I. Matnazarova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Active Substances

The work summarized the literature data on the content of chemicals in blackberries grown in various regions of Russia and foreign countries. Much attention is paid to the level of accumulation of biochemical components: soluble solids, sugars, organic acids, vitamins C (ascorbic acid) and P (phenolic compounds). In the studied regions, a high accumulation of anthocyanins (307-651 mg / 100 g) and ascorbic acid (23.4-54.0 mg / 100 g) in blackberries was noted in the Republic of Adygea. The highest sugar content (9.9%) was in blackberries grown in the middle zone of Russia. The average content of the studied components depends not only on the region of cultivation, but, first of all, on the varietal composition of the crop. The study of 25 blackberry varieties bred in the USA, England and Australia in the Krasnodar Territory allowed us to identify the most adapted of them for cultivation in the south of Russia,the most promising varieties are Thornfree, Smoothstem and Black Satin. In the Republic of Belarus, blackberries are grown on personal subsidiary plots, the most common is the American Agavam variety, which is noted for its high sugar content and the content of P-active substances. At the Maikop Experimental Station. N.I. Vavilov, as a result of studying the biochemical composition of blackberry berries, the following varieties were identified: by the content of dry matter – Oregon, Black Satin, Thornfree; sugar content – Oregon, Silvon, Black Satin, Thornfree, Young; by the content of organic acids – Derrow, Raven (1.67%), Cherokki (1.87%); by the content of ascorbic acid – Himalaya (54.6 mg / 100 g), Derrow (45.8 mg / 100 g), Raven (45.4 mg / 100 g) and Cherokki (47.8 mg / 100 g).

scholarly journals Changes in the biochemical components of mandarin fruits after pest control in the Republic of Abkhazia

2021 ◽  
Vol 935 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
L Ayba ◽  
L Kulava ◽  
N Karpun ◽  
N Konnov ◽  
O Belous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Predominant Form ◽  
Biochemical Components ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acid Index

Abstract The study assessing biochemical components (sugars and organic acids) in mandarin fruits after pest control was carried out in matured plantings of cv. Unshiu mandarin in the Republic of Abkhazia in 2019-2020. The treated fruits contained a greater amount of soluble carbohydrates than the fruits in control. The predominant form of monosaccharides is fructose (17.78-17.85 g/l, with 11.89 g/l in the control) in the fruits from the standard treatment and in variant 6 (with a combination of Metamax, Vermitek and Karate Zeon), which is preferable, since it has the greatest sweetness (173 units), providing a sweeter taste of the fruit. According to the content of organic acids, variants 6 and 8 (four treatments with Diatomite, 6%) were distinguished, the content of citric acid on which was 11.86-11.3 mg/l. A more balanced taste of the fruit was in variants 6, 7 (four treatments with Diatomite, 3%) and 8 (sugar-acid index from 7.7 to 7.9 units). Taking into account the content of basic acids and sugars in mandarin fruits, it is possible to predict the impact of insecticides and their combinations on their basic taste properties.

scholarly journals Quality Development of Bagiak (Osing Ethnic’s Snack) Using Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta L.) Flour

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 03008
Author(s):  
Herlina ◽  
Nita Kuswardhani ◽  
Lenny Widjayanthi
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Effectiveness Index ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Water Holding

The development of food product for improving the product quality was costly, especially if it had to reformulate the product. Therefore, finding the alternative raw materials which nutritious food and has a bioactive component that beneficial for health, was one of the ways to reduce cost. One of the raw materials that has Glucomannan as a bioactive component, was Gembili tuber (Dioscorea esculenta L.) as a local tuber which was widely grown in Banyuwangi, East Java. Osing ethnic’s snacks that are widely produced by the community in the district of Banyuwangi, East Java province is a Bagiak. Bagiak is cookies made from cassava starch (tapioca) and arrowroot starch. In the market, bagiak has low quality, un-uniform shapes, un-similar color, no value-added and causes obesity due to higher sugar content. The purpose of this research was to improve the quality of Bagiak through Gembili flour substitution. The result showed that substitution of 5% Gembili flour has higher fiber with 0.62% effectiveness index value of panelist ( in term of color, taste, flavor, texture and crispness), baking loss 12.50±0.65 %; lightness 52.48±0.45; texture 689±1.09 g/1mm; Water Holding Capacity (WHC) 172.5±1.32%; water content 4.50± 0.33%; ash 0.5±0.04 %; protein 2.50±0.12 %; fat 8.50±1.09 % and carbohydrate 84.00±1.53 %.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of sea-buckthorn and highbush blueberry fruits grown in the Republic of Belarus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Maria Zenkova ◽  
Julia Pinchykova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Pectin Content ◽  
The Republic

Chemical composition of sea-buckthorn and highbush blueberry fruits determines their value while using them fresh or processed. Berries have distinctive characteristics depending on a variety, soil and climatic conditions and growing techniques. The object of the researches have been Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae L.) of three varieties (Podarok sadu, Trofimovskaya, Botanicheskaya) and Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) of five varieties (Duke, Bluetta, Bluecrop, Northland, Coville) grown in the Republic of Belarus. Sea-buckthorn and Highbush Blueberry fruits chemical composition has been studied during a three-year cycle of monitoring using standard methods and in accordance with technical legal acts of the Republic of Belarus. Solid content (13,0-15,3%), sugar content (4,00-4,80%), organic acids (1,10-2,05%), nitrogen substances content (0,29-0,46%), lipids (3,6-6,2%), pectin content (0,40-0,50%), fiber (3,20-4,90%), minerals, vitamin С (44,7-78,7 мг/100г), β-carotene (4,4-13,2 мг/100г) have been studied in Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae L.). Solid content (12,2-15,1%), sugar content (2,73-3,96%), organic acids (0,59-0,95%), pectin content (0,57-0,97%), fiber (1,20-1,68%), bioflavonoids (276-368 мг/100 г), bioflavonoids complex fractional composition (anthocyanins, leucoanthocyanins, catechines, flavonols), vitamin С (60,5-72,2 мг/100 г) and mineral content have been studied in Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Exogenous contaminants content (arsenic, heavy metals), hygienical safety indexes, caesium 137 radionuclides content have been investigated in the fruits. Specific varieties characterictics of Sea-buckthorn (Hippophae L.) and Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) fruit chemical composition have been determined. The studied fruit is fully safe and can be recommended to be used both fresh and processed.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOUR CHERRY FRUITS BREEDED BY TATAR RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Gennadiy Osipov ◽  
Natal'ya Petrova ◽  
Elena Kirillova ◽  
Nina Kazeeva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Acid Index ◽  
Research Institute

The research was carried out with the aim of comparative assessment of varieties and selected forms of sour cherries by the chemical composition of fruits to identify the best genotypes with their subsequent use in breeding, as well as industrial, farm and collective gardening. The experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in triplicate. The garden was laid out in 2004-2005 and is located in the southwestern part of the Republic of Tatarstan. The material for the study was 20 varieties and selected hybrids of sour cherries of different ripening periods of the breeding of Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture. On average, over the years of research in fruits of different varieties, the content of soluble solids varied within 16.69 ... 26.49%, sugars - 3.72 ... 6.35%, organic acids - 0.96 ... 2.64%, vitamin C - 11.70 ... 15.90 mg per 100 g. The variability of the content of soluble solids and vitamin C was average (V = 15.1 ... 19.3 and 10.3 ... 14.3%, respectively). The amount of sugars, organic acids and the sugar acid index changed more significantly - V = 20.9… 25.2, 22.0… 25.8 and 29.0… 37.7%, respectively. The genotype had a greater influence on the variability of the content of soluble dry substances, sugars and organic acids in sour cherry fruits (30.2 ... 65.9%) than the conditions of the year (3.0 ... 24.7%) and the interaction of these factors (11.4 ... 29.2%). A positive relationship was noted between the content of soluble solids in fruits and the sugar-acid index (r = 0.85), the content of sugars (r = 0.76), acids (r = 0.50), the sum of positive summer temperatures (r = 0.69 ); an insignificant negative relationship with vitamin C (r = -0.45) and summer precipitation (r = -0.60). Sources of a high content of soluble solids in fruits (21.84 ... 26.49%) in the breeding can be Shelangovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova, Sevastyanovskaya varieties, selected forms - Chereshnevaya No. 1, 1-11-31, 80-8, 1-10 -30 and 37-8; high content of vitamin C (15.16 ... 15.90%) - varieties Shelangovskaya, Low-growing and selective form Chereshnevaya No. 1. In industrial, farm, collective gardening it is recommended to use varieties Shelangovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova, Sevastyanovskaya.

scholarly journals Scientific Aspects of Identification Criteria for Fruit Distillates

2021 ◽  
pp. 480-491
Author(s):  
Elena Dubinina ◽  
Ludmila Krikunova ◽  
Violetta Peschanskaya ◽  
Marina Trishkaneva
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Higher Alcohols ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Acid Index

Introduction. Beverages based on fruit distillates belong to elite alcoholic drinks. As a result, there is a high risk of counterfeit. Controlled indicators do not allow identifying distillates by the type of raw material. The research objective was to develop scientifically based identification criteria for fruit distillates. Study objects and methods. The research featured ten fruits and their distillates. It involved three schemes of pre-distillation processing: pulp fermentation, juice fermentation, and pulp fermentation with subsequent maceration. The biochemical composition of raw materials was assessed by the HPLC analysis of mass concentration of sugars, titratable acids, pH, mono- and disaccharides, free organic acids and amino acids, as well as by the sugar-acid index. The concentration of higher alcohols in the distillates was determined using gas chromatography. Results and discussion. The research revealed significant differences in the biochemical composition of raw materials, which made it possible to divide it into groups depending on the methods of pre-distillation processing. The groups can be identified by the ratio of the concentrations of the main higher alcohols: 1-propanol to the sum of isobutanol and isoamylol. The revealed differences were caused by the peculiarities of the ratio of organic acids and amino acids. For the distillates of Cornelian cherry, black currant, cherry-plum, plum, cherry, and apricot, the ratio of 1-propanol to the sum of isobutanol and isoamylol was within the following ranges: 0.02–0.06, 0.08–0.10, 0.30–0.35, 0.47–0.51, 0.55–0.65, and 0.69–0.92, respectively. The method of preparing raw materials for distillation did not affect the values of the identification indicator. Conclusion. The ratio of 1-propanol to the sum of isobutanol and isoamylol could serve as an indicator for the identification of distillates of Cornelian cherries, black currant, cherry-plum, plum, cherry, and apricot. However, it proved useless for distillates of pears, raspberries, tangerines, and mulberries, since its values were within comparable limits. Therefore, the research requires a GC-MS analysis to determine the concentration and ratios of other specific volatile components in other raw materials.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ORGANIC ACID CONTENT, AND BRIX VALUE OF REPRESENTATIVE INDIGENOUS FERMENTED PLANT BEVERAGES OF THAILAND

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaiyavat Chaiyasut ◽  
Netnapa Makhamrueang ◽  
Sartjin Peerajan ◽  
Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Brix Value ◽  
Organic Acid Content

ABSTRACTObjective: In Thailand, people believe that the fermented plant beverages (FPBs) have the pharmaceutical effects and consumption of FPBs cure thediseases. This study was conducted to detect and quantify the organic acids, pH, and Brix value of the commonly using FPBs of Thailand.Methods: The samples were collected from all the region of Thailand. The total acidity, pH, and organic acid content were measured by titration, pHmeter, and high-performance liquid chromatography methods, respectively. The sugar content of the sample was assessed by Brix value determinationusing a refractometer.Results: All the tested FPBs showed the pH value of 2-4 except sample no. 64 (pH 6.49) and 65 (pH 5.72). The acidity of the samples showed a rangeof ~0.1-2.5% of lactic acid equivalent. The acidity of sample no. 64 and 65 was not in detectable level. As per the Thai Community Product Standard(TCPS) - No. 481/2004, all the samples were qualified for the human consumption except sample no. 64 and 65. About 34, 17, 58, 53, 8, 6, 12, and1 samples were detected with 0.018-0.241, 0.015-0.389, 0.028-1.244, 0.052-0.550, 0.024-0.267, 0.049-0.373, 0.025-0.980, and 0.31 mg/mL of as tartaric,malic, lactic, acetic, citric, sorbic, fumaric, and propionic acids, respectively. The sugar content of the sample no. 9 and 49 was >55 % of Brix value, whileother tested samples were <50%.Conclusion: All the tested FPBs were harmless to human regarding organic acid content, pH, and Brix value except sample no. 64 and 65 as per theTCPS. Further studies are mandatory to explore the microbial and pharmaceutical nature of traditional FPBs and other fermented foods of Thailand.Keywords: Brix value, Fermented plant beverages, Morinda, Organic acids, pH.

Spatial Development as a Modernization Driver for the Republic of Kazakhstan

2012 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
S. Afontsev ◽  
N. Zubarevich
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Analytical Scheme ◽  
Basic Goods ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Republic

The questions of spatial development as a modernization driver (the Kazakhstan case) are considered in this article. The analysis of the regional economic differences makes possible to work out the development guidelines, based on the advantages combination of the basic goods specialization and the policy of transferring growth impulses from the raw materials sector to the industry and service ones. Current challenges and opportunities, which face the Kazakhstan economy, the questions of economic diversification drive up the importance of the connection between spatial development and the cluster priorities. The analytical scheme of macro-regions and diversification through the dynamic focal networks can settle up these challenges.

FUNDAMENTAL CAPITAL FINANCING OF PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Farrux Zulfiyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Equity Financing ◽  
Capital Financing ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Stability

This article is based on the principles of shared financing of the production of raw materials. The article is aimed at financing the production of capital on the basis of equity in order to further strengthen the stability of economic reforms in the republic. At the same time, the essence of equity financing, the risks associated with it, and the efficiency of raw materials are covered

Comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Tatyana Shcheglova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Medical University

The article presents results of the study of a comparative analysis of essential oil obtained from fresh and dried leaves of medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.), growing in the Botanical Garden of the First Moscow State Medical University named after Sechenov. The studies were carried out using gas chromatography– mass spectrometry. Qualitative and quantitative difference in the component composition of the essential oil obtained from fresh and dried raw materials was determined as a result of the study.

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