scholarly journals Changes in the biochemical components of mandarin fruits after pest control in the Republic of Abkhazia

2021 ◽  
Vol 935 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
L Ayba ◽  
L Kulava ◽  
N Karpun ◽  
N Konnov ◽  
O Belous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Predominant Form ◽  
Biochemical Components ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acid Index

Abstract The study assessing biochemical components (sugars and organic acids) in mandarin fruits after pest control was carried out in matured plantings of cv. Unshiu mandarin in the Republic of Abkhazia in 2019-2020. The treated fruits contained a greater amount of soluble carbohydrates than the fruits in control. The predominant form of monosaccharides is fructose (17.78-17.85 g/l, with 11.89 g/l in the control) in the fruits from the standard treatment and in variant 6 (with a combination of Metamax, Vermitek and Karate Zeon), which is preferable, since it has the greatest sweetness (173 units), providing a sweeter taste of the fruit. According to the content of organic acids, variants 6 and 8 (four treatments with Diatomite, 6%) were distinguished, the content of citric acid on which was 11.86-11.3 mg/l. A more balanced taste of the fruit was in variants 6, 7 (four treatments with Diatomite, 3%) and 8 (sugar-acid index from 7.7 to 7.9 units). Taking into account the content of basic acids and sugars in mandarin fruits, it is possible to predict the impact of insecticides and their combinations on their basic taste properties.

scholarly journals Impact of optimized pest control schemes on mandarin yield in the Republic of Abkhazia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Natalia Karpun ◽  
Levan Kulava ◽  
Elena Zhuravleva ◽  
Elena Shoshina
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Impact

Pests of mandarin reduce significantly crop productivity and commercial quality of the crop in Abkhazia. We assessed the impact of optimized mandarin pest control schemes on fruit size and crop yield in the humid subtropics of Abkhazia. The studies were carried out in 2019-2020 on full-aged plantings of cv. Unshiu mandarin in Gulrypsh district of Republic of Abkhazia on the base of Institute of agriculture of Academy of sciences of Abkhazia. The highest yield and quality of fruits was shown by the protection schemes in variants 5 (Confidor extra (0.05 %) + Cytovit (0.15 %) – the 1st treatment Vertimec (0.1%) + Cytovit (0.15 %) – the second treatment; the third and fourth treatments Karate Zeon (0.05 %) + Cytovit (0.15 %)) and 6 (Metomax (0.15 %) + Vertimec (0.1 %) – the 1st treatment; Karate Zeon (0.05 %) + Vertimec (0.1 %) in the other three treatments). The average fruits weight in these variants was up to 72-74 g. This exceeded the fruits weight in the Standard variant by 22.0-25.4 %. The yield was 46.2-44.7 t/ha, which is 36.8-41.3 % higher than the standard variant. Fruits of the 1st grade in the named variants accounted for 63.3-65.6 % of the total yield.

scholarly journals The accumulation of sugars and organic acids in blackberry fruit in the conditions of Сentral Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Margarita Makarkina ◽  
Lidia Gruner ◽  
Oksana Vetrova ◽  
Daria Matnasarova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Biochemical Components ◽  
And Control ◽  
New Cultivars ◽  
Acid Index

The taste characteristics of berries of 26 cultivars, elite and selected forms of blackberries grown in Central Russia are presented: dry matter, monosaccharides, sucrose acid the total amount of sugars. The sugar-acid index has been calculated. The best genotypes have been identified according to the content of dry matter and sugars - Brzezina and Agawam cultivars, elite seedlings LN-4, LN-13, LN-14 and selected seedlings LN-5, LN-7, LN-8, according to the content of organic (titrated) acids and sugar-acid index - Brzezina, Black Satin, Loch Tau, seedlings of Black Satin, Cheyenne, Loch Ness - LN-6, LN-10, EV LN-13 and control cultivar Agawam. A high traits’ conjugation was established: the sugar-acid index and the content of monosaccharides, the total amount of sugars, soluble solids, as well as a high inverse dependency between the content of organic acids and the sugar-acid index. Low unreliable correlation coefficients (r = - 0.28 … + 0.13) were obtained, indicating the absence of links between the fruit weight and the content of biochemical components responsible for the taste characteristics of genotypes, which is a positive fact when creating new cultivars with high taste and a significant weight of fruits, indicating their independent inheritance.

Kinetics of phosphate adsorption on iron oxides formed under the influence of citrate

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Liu ◽  
P. M. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Structural Perturbation ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
The Impact

The influence of organic acids on the formation of Fe oxyhydroxides and oxides has been intensively studied. However, scant attention has been paid to the subsequent effect on surface chemistry of the Fe oxides formed. The kinetics and mechanisms of phosphate adsorption by the Fe oxides formed in the presence of citrate ligands at initial citrate/Fe(II) molar ratios (MR) of 0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 were investigated using the conventional batch method. The adsorption studies were conducted at the initial phosphate concentration of 0.5 mM and pH 4.0 during the reaction period from 2 min to 56 h at 278, 288, 298, and 313 K. The results show that the phosphate adsorption followed multiple second-order kinetics and had two distinct rates in each reaction system. The amount, rate coefficient, activation energy and pre-exponential factor of phosphate adsorption by the Fe oxides formed greatly varied with their structural and surface properties. These properties, which included crystal structure, specific surface area, surface porosity, surface geometry, and point of zero salt effect (PZSE), differed significantly with the initial citrate/Fe(II) MR at which Fe oxides were formed. The results of this study have cast the light on the role of organic acids such as citric acid in influencing the surface chemistry of naturally occurring Fe oxides through fundamental structural perturbation and the impact on the dynamics of phosphate in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Key words: Kinetics, activation energy, pre-exponential factor, phosphate, iron oxides, citric acid, structural perturbation

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOUR CHERRY FRUITS BREEDED BY TATAR RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Gennadiy Osipov ◽  
Natal'ya Petrova ◽  
Elena Kirillova ◽  
Nina Kazeeva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Acid Index ◽  
Research Institute

The research was carried out with the aim of comparative assessment of varieties and selected forms of sour cherries by the chemical composition of fruits to identify the best genotypes with their subsequent use in breeding, as well as industrial, farm and collective gardening. The experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in triplicate. The garden was laid out in 2004-2005 and is located in the southwestern part of the Republic of Tatarstan. The material for the study was 20 varieties and selected hybrids of sour cherries of different ripening periods of the breeding of Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture. On average, over the years of research in fruits of different varieties, the content of soluble solids varied within 16.69 ... 26.49%, sugars - 3.72 ... 6.35%, organic acids - 0.96 ... 2.64%, vitamin C - 11.70 ... 15.90 mg per 100 g. The variability of the content of soluble solids and vitamin C was average (V = 15.1 ... 19.3 and 10.3 ... 14.3%, respectively). The amount of sugars, organic acids and the sugar acid index changed more significantly - V = 20.9… 25.2, 22.0… 25.8 and 29.0… 37.7%, respectively. The genotype had a greater influence on the variability of the content of soluble dry substances, sugars and organic acids in sour cherry fruits (30.2 ... 65.9%) than the conditions of the year (3.0 ... 24.7%) and the interaction of these factors (11.4 ... 29.2%). A positive relationship was noted between the content of soluble solids in fruits and the sugar-acid index (r = 0.85), the content of sugars (r = 0.76), acids (r = 0.50), the sum of positive summer temperatures (r = 0.69 ); an insignificant negative relationship with vitamin C (r = -0.45) and summer precipitation (r = -0.60). Sources of a high content of soluble solids in fruits (21.84 ... 26.49%) in the breeding can be Shelangovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova, Sevastyanovskaya varieties, selected forms - Chereshnevaya No. 1, 1-11-31, 80-8, 1-10 -30 and 37-8; high content of vitamin C (15.16 ... 15.90%) - varieties Shelangovskaya, Low-growing and selective form Chereshnevaya No. 1. In industrial, farm, collective gardening it is recommended to use varieties Shelangovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova, Sevastyanovskaya.

scholarly journals Sensory Components of Fruits and Berries

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Ирина Почицкая ◽  
Irina Pochitskaya ◽  
Юрий Росляков ◽  
Yuriy Roslyakov ◽  
Наталья Комарова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Butyl Acetate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Basic Quality ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Acid Index

The research featured consumer properties of 18 varieties of apples, 12 varieties of pears, and 6 varieties of strawberries grown in the Republic of Belarus. The research objective was to study the sensory component composition of apples, pears, and strawberries to select varieties with the best consumer properties. Hexylacetate was detected in Charovnitsa, Zaslavskoye, Belarusian Sinap, and Pamyat Sikory apples. As for the pear varieties, Alesya, Belan, and Krasavita were found to contain butylbutanoate and hexylbutanoate. In all the samples of fresh pears, aroma-forming esters were mainly represented by hexylacetate and butyl acetate. Pears that reached full ripeness contained esters of unsaturated acids that are responsible for a characteristic pear flavor: methyl 2.4-decadienoate and two isomers of (cis-, trans-) ethyl-2.4-decadienoate. All the samples of strawberry contained linalool, which gives a floral flavor. Its quantity differed according to the variety: from 0.4% (Rusish variety) to 4.53% (Alpha variety). The apple varieties of Pamyat Kovalenko, Krasavita, and Dyayment had a high content of sugars (≥ 10%). Charovnitsa, Belana, and Zorka had a low acidity and can be recommended for the production of juice products for children. All the studied varieties of pears had a low sugar content (about 7%) and organic acids (≤ 0.3%), which also makes them suitable for children. The average acid content for strawberry was 9.1 g/kg, while the predominant acid was citric. However, Belarusian strawberries contained less sugar than stated in the databases, an average of 52.5 g/kg. Belana, Dyayment, Zorka, and Charovnitsa apples and Pamyat Yakovleva pears demonstrated a high sugar-acid index and the most harmonious taste. Garden strawberries had a low sugar-acid index value, not more than 6.2. The samples revealed various amounts of catechins, phenolic acids, flavonols, and anthocyanins. The obtained data on the component composition of 18 varieties of apples, 12 varieties of pears, and 6 varieties of garden strawberries of the B elarusian selection can serve as a marker of the authenticity of products by comparing with the existing database of basic quality indicators and the composition of raw materials.

Unemployment as an indicator of economic security in the employment sector: A regional dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-729
Author(s):  
T.N. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Band Theory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Subject. To achieve a high level of economic security is a key priority of national development. Employment reveals one of the most important aspects of social development of the individual that is associated with his or her needs satisfaction in the sphere of employment and is boon to economic security. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to show the impact of unemployment on economic security in employment. Methods. I apply such scientific methods as dialectical, historical and logical unity, structural and functional analysis, traditional techniques of economic analysis and synthesis. The methods of multivariate statistical and comparative analysis serve as a methodological basis of the study. To determine the indicator of unemployment, I use the band theory. Results. I underpin the growing role of employment in ensuring economic security. The paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the unemployment status and a comparative analysis of the indicator in the Republic of Mordovia, the Volga Federal District, and the Russian Federation as a whole. I identify trends in the average duration of unemployment, show the distribution of unemployed by level of education and age groups. Conclusions. The average annual unemployment rate in the Republic of Mordovia is lower than in Russia and the Volga Federal District. The findings may be useful for public authorities to substantiate their employment policy at both macro- and meso-levels, for designing programs and strategies for socio-economic development of regions and the social security doctrine, as well as in practical activities of employment services.

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

The Process of Globalization and Its Impact on Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Veton Zejnullahi
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Four Corners ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
The Impact

The process of globalization, which many times is considered as new world order is affecting all spheres of modern society but also the media. In this paper specifically we will see the impact of globalization because we see changing the media access to global problems in general being listed on these processes. We will see that the greatest difficulties will have small media as such because the process is moving in the direction of creating mega media which thanks to new technology are reaching to deliver news and information at the time of their occurrence through choked the small media. So it is fair to conclude that the rapid economic development and especially the technology have made the world seem "too small" to the human eyes, because for real-time we will communicate with the world with the only one Internet connection, and also all the information are take for the development of events in the four corners of the world and direct from the places when the events happen. Even Albanian space has not left out of this process because the media in the Republic of Albania and the Republic of Kosovo are adapted to the new conditions under the influence of the globalization process. This fact is proven powerful through creating new television packages, written the websites and newspapers in their possession.

Elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia

2019 ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Inna Yu. Tarmaeva ◽  
Anatoliy V. Skalny ◽  
Olga G. Bogdanova ◽  
Andrey R. Grabeklis ◽  
Alexandr I. Belykh
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Elemental Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction.The study of the elemental status of the population of individual regions of the Russian Federation with the purpose of scientific development and implementation of measures for elimination of revealed elementosis is a promising direction for preventive medicine.The aim of the studyis to study the elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia, which was part of the Siberian Federal district (SFD) until 2018.Materials and methods.The analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) on the basis of the accredited laboratory of “Center of biotic medicine”. (Moscow; ISO 9001: 2008 certificate 54Q10077 from 21.05.2010). The content of chemical elements in the hair of 130 adults (102 women and 28 men) aged 25–50 years was studied. This indicator serves as an indicator in assessing the impact of the environment on the human body. Methods of nonparametric statistics were used for mathematical processing of the data.Results.For women living in the Republic of Buryatia, the maximum values of Zn, increased levels of Cu, Li, Si were revealed; for men — the maximum values of Mg, Cr, Si, increased levels of P, Li, Se, V, Pb. Minimum values were found for P, Fe, V. Elemental status indicates a significant degree of prevalence of essential trace element deficiencies and electrolyte imbalance. The obtained data can be used as reference values for the content of chemical elements in the hair of adults living in the Republic of Buryatia.Conclusions:Elemental analysis of the population of the Republic of Buryatia indicates imbalances among the adult working-age population.

Conflicts in Biafra, Katanga and Cabinda as a result of the geopolitical legacy of colonialism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
Olga Dzhenchakova
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the impact of the colonial past of some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and its effect on their development during the post-colonial period. The negative consequences of the geopolitical legacy of colonialism are shown on the example of three countries: Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Angola, expressed in the emergence of conflicts in these countries based on ethno-cultural, religious and socio-economic contradictions. At the same time, the focus is made on the economic factor and the consequences of the consumer policy of the former metropolises pursuing their mercantile interests were mixed.

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