Characterization of Piezoelectric Properties of Ag-NPs Doped PVDF Nanocomposite Fibres Membrane Prepared by Near Field Electrospinning

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Tang Pan ◽  
Karishma Dutt ◽  
Chung-Kun Yen ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Aman Chandra Kaushik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Material ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Electrospun Fiber ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Piezoelectric Response ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range

Background: In this study, Near-field electrospinning (NFES) technique used with a cylindrical collector to fabricate a large area permanent piezoelectric micro and nanofibers by a prepared solution. NFES requires a small electric field to fabricate fibers. Objective: The objective of this paper to investigate silver nanoparticle (Ag-NP)/ Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite as the best piezoelectric material with improved properties to produced tremendously flexible and sensitive piezoelectric material with pertinent conductance. Method: In this paper we used controllable electrospinning technique based on Near-field electrospinning (NFES)The process parameter for Ag-NP/PVDF composite electrospun fiber based on pure PVDF fiber. A PVDF solution concentration of 18 wt.% and 6 wt.% silver nitrate which is relative to the weight of PVDF wt.% with 1058 µS conductivity fibers have been directly written on a rotating cylindrical collector for aligned fiber PVDF/Ag-NP fibers are patterned on fabricated copper (Cu) interdigitated electrodes were implemented on a thin flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) used as a package to enhance the durability of the PVDF/ Ag-NP device. Results: A notable effect on the piezoelectric response has been observed after Ag-NP addition confirmed by XRD characterization and tapping test of Ag-NP/PVDF composite fiber. The morphology of the PVDF/Ag-NP fibers and measure diameter by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Optical micrograph (OM), of fiber. Finally, The result shows that diameter of PVDF/Ag-NP fibers up to ~7 μm. The. High diffraction peak at 2θ = 20.5˚ was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) in the piezoelectric crystal β-phase structure. While the electromechanical conversion is found enhance from ~0.1 V to ~1 V by the addition of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in the PVDF solution. Conclusion: In conclusion, we can say that confirmed and validated the addition of Ag-NP in PVDF could enhance the piezoelectric property by using NFES technique with improved crystalline phase content can be useful for a wide range of power and sensing applications like biomedical devices and energy harvesting, among others.

Biomimetic tough helicoidally structured material through novel electrospinning based additive manufacturing

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (43) ◽  
pp. 2345-2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal Agarwal ◽  
Rahul Sahay ◽  
Avinash Baji ◽  
Arief S. Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Structural Materials ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Mantis Shrimp ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Microstructural Design

ABSTRACTNatural structural materials (NSMs) such as nacre, teeth, bones and crustacean exoskeleton are usually made of weak biomaterials arranged in specific structural design imparting them remarkable mechanical characteristics. Such hierarchical structural layouts found in nature encourage designing of mechanically desirable synthetic structural materials (SSMs). Among variety of natural hierarchical layouts, this paper specifically focuses on helicoidal architectural design found in the tough dactyl club of mantis shrimp. We first decode the mechanics behind helicoidal microstructural design and document the development of impact resistant macroscale helicoidal architectured synthetic structural materials (HA-SSMs). Next, near-field electrospinning technique (NFES)- both melt (polycaprolactone) and solution (polyvinylidene fluoride) type has been discussed in detail, as a novel method for developing lab scale 3D biomimetic HA-SSMs in micro-nanoscale. Further, the effect of the helical arrangement, size of substructures and surface treatment on strength and toughness of NFES fabricated HA-SSMs samples is analysed.

scholarly journals Surface Acoustic Wave-Based Flexible Piezocomposite Strain Sensor

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1576
Author(s):  
Rishikesh Srinivasaraghavan Govindarajan ◽  
Eduardo Rojas-Nastrucci ◽  
Daewon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Surface Acoustic Wave ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Saw Sensor ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range

A surface acoustic wave (SAW), device composed of polymer and ceramic fillers, exhibiting high piezoelectricity and flexibility, has a wide range of sensing applications in the aerospace field. The demand for flexible SAW sensors has been gradually increasing due to their small size, wireless capability, low fabrication cost, and fast response time. This paper discusses the structural, thermal, and electrical properties of the developed sensor, based on different micro- and nano-fillers, such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), calcium copper titanate (CCTO), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), along with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a polymer matrix. The piezocomposite substrate of the SAW sensor is fabricated using a hot press, while interdigital transducers (IDTs) are deposited through 3D printing. The piezoelectric properties are also enhanced using a non-contact corona poling technique under a high electric field to align the dipoles. Results show that the developed passive strain sensor can measure mechanical strains by examining the frequency shifts of the detected wave signals.

scholarly journals Formation and Photoluminescence Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles on Electrospun Nanofibers Produced by Atomic Layer Deposition

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerii Myndrul ◽  
Lucie Vysloužilová ◽  
Andrea Klápšťová ◽  
Emerson Coy ◽  
Mariusz Jancelewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Excitation Power ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Polymer Nanofiber ◽  
Wide Range

The unique combination of optical, chemical, and structural properties of one-dimensional zinc oxide (1D ZnO) makes it one of the most attractive materials in a wide range of research and applications. In the present study, 1D ZnO nanomaterials were fabricated using a combination of two independent methods: electrospinning and atomic layer deposition (ALD). The electrospinning technique was used to produce 1D electrospun fibers consisting of four types of polymers: polylactic acid (PLLA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyamide 6 (PA6). The ALD technology, in turn, was selected as an excellent candidate for the synthesis of a ZnO thin layer over polymer fibers for the production of 1D ZnO/polymer nanofiber composites (PLLA/ZnO, PVDF/ZnO, PVA/ZnO, PA6/ZnO). Structural and optical properties of the produced nanofibers were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. It was found that only PVDF/ZnO nanofibers exhibit stable room temperature PL that may be the result of a higher ZnO content in the sample. In addition, PL measurements were conducted as a function of excitation power and temperature in order to establish the main PL mechanisms and parameters for the PVDF/ZnO sample, as a most promising candidate for the biophotonic application.

scholarly journals The Radial Piezoelectric Response from Three-Dimensional Electrospun PVDF Micro Wall Structure

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1368
Author(s):  
Guoxi Luo ◽  
Yunyun Luo ◽  
Qiankun Zhang ◽  
Shubei Wang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Piezoelectric Response ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Random Arrangement

The ability of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibers to produce piezoelectricity has been demonstrated for a while. Widespread applications of electrospun PVDF as an energy conversion material, however, have not materialized due to the random arrangement of fibers fabricated by traditional electrospinning. In this work, a developed 3D electrospinning technique is utilized to fabricate a PVDF micro wall made up of densely stacked fibers in a fiber-by-fiber manner. Results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) demonstrate that the crystalline structure of this PVDF wall is predominant in the β phase, revealing the advanced integration capability of structural fabrication and piezoelectric poling with this 3D electrospinning. The piezoelectric response along the radial direction of these PVDF fibers is measured while the toppled micro wall, comprised of 60 fibers, is sandwich assembled with a pair of top/bottom electrodes. The measured electrical output is ca. 0.48 V and 2.7 nA. Moreover, after constant mechanical compression happening over 10,000 times, no obvious reduction in the piezoelectric response has been observed. The combined merits of high-precision 3D fabrication, in situ piezoelectric poling, and high mechanical robust make this novel structure an attractive candidate for applications in piezoelectric energy harvesting and sensing.

Computer simulation study about the dependence of amorphous silicon photonic waveguides efficiency on the material quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 30502
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fantoni ◽  
João Costa ◽  
Paulo Lourenço ◽  
Manuela Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Sidewall Roughness ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Fabrication Defects ◽  
The Impact

Amorphous silicon PECVD photonic integrated devices are promising candidates for low cost sensing applications. This manuscript reports a simulation analysis about the impact on the overall efficiency caused by the lithography imperfections in the deposition process. The tolerance to the fabrication defects of a photonic sensor based on surface plasmonic resonance is analysed. The simulations are performed with FDTD and BPM algorithms. The device is a plasmonic interferometer composed by an a-Si:H waveguide covered by a thin gold layer. The sensing analysis is performed by equally splitting the input light into two arms, allowing the sensor to be calibrated by its reference arm. Two different 1 × 2 power splitter configurations are presented: a directional coupler and a multimode interference splitter. The waveguide sidewall roughness is considered as the major negative effect caused by deposition imperfections. The simulation results show that plasmonic effects can be excited in the interferometric waveguide structure, allowing a sensing device with enough sensitivity to support the functioning of a bio sensor for high throughput screening. In addition, the good tolerance to the waveguide wall roughness, points out the PECVD deposition technique as reliable method for the overall sensor system to be produced in a low-cost system. The large area deposition of photonics structures, allowed by the PECVD method, can be explored to design a multiplexed system for analysis of multiple biomarkers to further increase the tolerance to fabrication defects.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanostructured Membrane Engineering Using Reverse Osmosis Recycled Modules: Membrane Distillation Application

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1601
Author(s):  
Jorge Contreras-Martínez ◽  
Carmen García-Payo ◽  
Mohamed Khayet
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Rejection Factor ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes ◽  
Membrane Engineering ◽  
Desalination Plants

As a consequence of the increase in reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants, the number of discarded RO modules for 2020 was estimated to be 14.8 million annually. Currently, these discarded modules are disposed of in nearby landfills generating high volumes of waste. In order to extend their useful life, in this research study, we propose recycling and reusing the internal components of the discarded RO modules, membranes and spacers, in membrane engineering for membrane distillation (MD) technology. After passive cleaning with a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution, these recycled components were reused as support for polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning technique. The prepared membranes were characterized by different techniques and, finally, tested in desalination of high saline solutions (brines) by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). The effect of the electrospinning time, which is the same as the thickness of the nanofibrous layer, was studied in order to optimize the permeate flux together with the salt rejection factor and to obtain robust membranes with stable DCMD desalination performance. When the recycled RO membrane or the permeate spacer were used as supports with 60 min electrospinning time, good permeate fluxes were achieved, 43.2 and 18.1 kg m−2 h−1, respectively; with very high salt rejection factors, greater than 99.99%. These results are reasonably competitive compared to other supported and unsupported MD nanofibrous membranes. In contrast, when using the feed spacer as support, inhomogeneous structures were observed on the electrospun nanofibrous layer due to the special characteristics of this spacer resulting in low salt rejection factors and mechanical properties of the electrospun nanofibrous membrane.

scholarly journals Strain Sensor via Wood Anomalies in 2D Dielectric Array

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Rashid G. Bikbaev ◽  
Ivan V. Timofeev ◽  
Vasiliy F. Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Photonic Materials ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sensor Structure ◽  
Optical Behavior ◽  
Chlorophyll Absorption

Optical sensing is one of many promising applications for all-dielectric photonic materials. Herein, we present an analytical and numerical study on the strain-responsive spectral properties of a bioinspired sensor. The sensor structure contains a two-dimensional periodic array of dielectric nanodisks to mimic the optical behavior of grana lamellae inside chloroplasts. To accumulate a noticeable response, we exploit the collective optical mode in grana ensemble. In higher plants, such a mode appears as Wood’s anomaly near the chlorophyll absorption line to control the photosynthesis rate. The resonance is shown persistent against moderate biological disorder and deformation. Under the stretching or compression of a symmetric structure, the mode splits into a couple of polarized modes. The frequency difference is accurately detected. It depends on the stretch coefficient almost linearly providing easy calibration of the strain-sensing device. The sensitivity of the considered structure remains at 5 nm/% in a wide range of strain. The influence of the stretching coefficient on the length of the reciprocal lattice vectors, as well as on the angle between them, is taken into account. This adaptive phenomenon is suggested for sensing applications in biomimetic optical nanomaterials.

scholarly journals Predicting specific impulse distributions for spherical explosives in the extreme near-field using a Gaussian function

2021 ◽  
pp. 204141962199349
Author(s):  
Jordan J Pannell ◽  
George Panoutsos ◽  
Sam B Cooke ◽  
Dan J Pope ◽  
Sam E Rigby
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Gaussian Function ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Blast Load ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Load Prediction ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Wide Range

Accurate quantification of the blast load arising from detonation of a high explosive has applications in transport security, infrastructure assessment and defence. In order to design efficient and safe protective systems in such aggressive environments, it is of critical importance to understand the magnitude and distribution of loading on a structural component located close to an explosive charge. In particular, peak specific impulse is the primary parameter that governs structural deformation under short-duration loading. Within this so-called extreme near-field region, existing semi-empirical methods are known to be inaccurate, and high-fidelity numerical schemes are generally hampered by a lack of available experimental validation data. As such, the blast protection community is not currently equipped with a satisfactory fast-running tool for load prediction in the near-field. In this article, a validated computational model is used to develop a suite of numerical near-field blast load distributions, which are shown to follow a similar normalised shape. This forms the basis of the data-driven predictive model developed herein: a Gaussian function is fit to the normalised loading distributions, and a power law is used to calculate the magnitude of the curve according to established scaling laws. The predictive method is rigorously assessed against the existing numerical dataset, and is validated against new test models and available experimental data. High levels of agreement are demonstrated throughout, with typical variations of <5% between experiment/model and prediction. The new approach presented in this article allows the analyst to rapidly compute the distribution of specific impulse across the loaded face of a wide range of target sizes and near-field scaled distances and provides a benchmark for data-driven modelling approaches to capture blast loading phenomena in more complex scenarios.

scholarly journals The Growth of Semiconductor Thin Films Studied by RHEED

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
GL Price
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Surface Science ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Growth Modes ◽  
Semiconductor Thin Films ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments

Recent developments in the growth of semiconductor thin films are reviewed. The emphasis is on growth by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Results obtained by reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) are employed to describe the different kinds of growth processes and the types of materials which can be constructed. MBE is routinely capable of heterostructure growth to atomic precision with a wide range of materials including III-V, IV, II-VI semiconductors, metals, ceramics such as high Tc materials and organics. As the growth proceeds in ultra high vacuum, MBE can take advantage of surface science techniques such as Auger, RHEED and SIMS. RHEED is the essential in-situ probe since the final crystal quality is strongly dependent on the surface reconstruction during growth. RHEED can also be used to calibrate the growth rate, monitor growth kinetics, and distinguish between various growth modes. A major new area is lattice mismatched growth where attempts are being made to construct heterostructures between materials of different lattice constants such as GaAs on Si. Also described are the new techniques of migration enhanced epitaxy and tilted superlattice growth. Finally some comments are given On the means of preparing large area, thin samples for analysis by other techniques from MBE grown films using capping, etching and liftoff.

scholarly journals Femtosecond Laser Fabrication of Hybrid Metal-Dielectric Structures with Nonlinear Photoluminescence

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Ponkratova ◽  
Eduard Ageev ◽  
Filipp Komissarenko ◽  
Sergei Koromyslov ◽  
Dmitry Kudryashov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Spectral Region ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Hybrid Nanostructures ◽  
Nonlinear Properties ◽  
Nanophotonic Devices ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nonlinear Signal ◽  
Dielectric Structures

Fabrication of hybrid micro- and nanostructures with a strong nonlinear response is challenging and represents a great interest due to a wide range of photonic applications. Usually, such structures are produced by quite complicated and time-consuming techniques. This work demonstrates laser-induced hybrid metal-dielectric structures with strong nonlinear properties obtained by a single-step fabrication process. We determine the influence of several incident femtosecond pulses on the Au/Si bi-layer film on produced structure morphology. The created hybrid systems represent isolated nanoparticles with a height of 250–500 nm exceeding the total thickness of the Au-Si bi-layer. It is shown that fabricated hybrid nanostructures demonstrate enhancement of the SHG signal (up to two orders of magnitude) compared to the initial planar sample and a broadband photoluminescence signal (more than 200 nm in width) in the visible spectral region. We establish the correlation between nonlinear signal and phase composition provided by Raman scattering measurements. Such laser-induced structures have significant potential in optical sensing applications and can be used as components for different nanophotonic devices.

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