Nutrient and Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis-evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Development of Product with Mulberry Leaves (mulberry indica l.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sireesha ◽  
N. Kanaka Vidya Sri
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Sensory Score ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Plant Compounds

Background: Mulberry leaves are highly nutritious. They’re loaded with powerful plant compounds like polyphenol antioxidants, as well as vitamin C, zinc, calcium, iron, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium. Objective: The main aim of the study is to determine the nutrient and phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity and development of products with mulberry (Morus indica L.) dry leaves powder. Methods: Mulberry leaves were collected from the field and dried, that powder was used for further analysis. Four products were developed using mulberry power they are mulberry roti, mulberry poori, mulberry namkeens and mulberry sweet namkeens. Results: The nutrient composition of mulberry leaves contains 19 g protein, calcium 581 mg, iron 21 mg, vitamin-A 9.21 µg and vitamin-C 18 mg per 100 gm of dried mulberry powder. The important phytochemicals flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, tannins and glycosides were present. In the antimicrobial activity mulberry had the efficiency to fight against bacteria activity. From the four food products, mulberry sweet namkeens obtained good sensory score. Conclusion: Many nutritional benefits and medicinal values are authorized in Mulberry, So its consumption is good for health.

scholarly journals Food Consumption and Nutrient Density of Adults Male Aged 19-49 Years Old in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Teguh Jati Prasetyo ◽  
Izzati Nur Khoiriani ◽  
Katri Andini Surijati
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Calcium Iron

The objectives of this study was to analyze food consumption and nutrient density of adults male aged 19-49 years old in Indonesia. This study was carried out through analyzing a consumption data set of Total Diet Study (SDT) of Indonesian Ministry of Health which were collected using 24-hour food recall method. The final subjects included for this study were 26268 male. The nutrients adequacy were assessed based on Institute of Medicine calculation. The nutrients analyzed include energy, protein, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C. The average food consumption of Indonesian adult male population is mostly from the grains food group of 305.0 g. The food group that was consumed the least by the adult population was oily seeds as much as 18.1 g. The adequacy of energy, protein, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C were 81.4%, 108.3%, 105.5%, 159.4%, 64.8%, 107.7% and 54.6%, respectively. The nutrient density of protein, Ca, Zn, vitamin A and vitamin C were still under the recommendation. It means that food consumption quality of Indonesian adults need to be improved. Considering the inadequate intake of some micronutrients in Indonesian adults male, it is necessary to increase the consumption of animal food, legumes, fruits and vegetables as sources of micronutrients.

scholarly journals Asupan energi, zat gizi makro, dan zat gizi mikro pada pasien hemodialisis di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Ari Tri Astuti ◽  
Septriana Septriana
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Food Recall

Latar belakang: Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik (PGK) yang menjalani hemodialis memerlukan monitoring dan evaluasi asupan makan secara rutin. Rendahnya monitoring dan evaluasi pada asupan dapat berpengaruh pada status gizi dan kualitas hidup pasien. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran asupan energi, zat gizi makro, dan zat gizi mikro pada pasien hemodialisis di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan di Unit Hemodialisis RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Pemilihan subjek penelitian menggunakan purposive sampling (n=30). Data asupan diambil dengan food recall 24 jam selama 3 hari. Hasil : Rerata asupan pada responden adalah : energi 1149,34±401,09 kcal (23,15±7,39 kcal/kgBB/hari); karbohidrat 143,55±43,46 g, protein 39,38±16,53 g (0,79±0,32 g/kgBB/hari); dan lemak 49,01±26,82 g. Rerata asupan vitamin B1 adalah 0,38±0,14 mg; vitamin B2 0,49±0,24 mg; vitamin B6 0,64±0,25 mg; asam folat 0,68±0,94 mg; vitamin C 24,08±21,01 mg; dan vitamin A 397,31±536,14 μg. Rerata asupan natrium natrium 22,45±220,23 mg; kalium 1714,01±1153,91 mg ( 36,64±27,40 mg/kgBB/hari); kalsium 301,13±173,23 mg; dan fosfor 544,94±193,08 mg. Kesimpulan : Rerata asupan energi, zat gizi makro, dan vitamin pada pasien hemodialis di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul masih kurang dari rekomendasi, sedangkan asupan natrium, kalsium, dan fosfor sesuai dengan rekomendasi Perhimpunan Nefrologi Indonesia.

scholarly journals Macro- and micronutrient intakes among severely malnourished under-five children during the economic crisis in Yogyakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Endy P Prawirohartono ◽  
Atiek Werdiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Calcium Iron

Objective To evaluate macro and micronutrient intakes amongunder five-year children with severe malnutrition during the periodof economic crisis.Methods We conducted a longitudinal study from August untilNovember 2000 in Bantul and Sleman districts, Yogyakarta Spe-cial Territory of Indonesia. Two-weekly home visits were performedto collect data about food intakes.Results Of 46 children, 26 experienced an improvement in nutri-tional status, whereas 20 children did not. The median intakes ofmacro and 8micronutrients were lower than the RecommendedDaily Allowances (RDA), ranged from 22% (vitamin C) to 69%(phosphorus), except for vitamin A (406%). The median intakes ofprotein, vitamin A, thiamin, vitamin C, calcium, iron and phospho-rus were higher in severely malnourished children who experiencedimprovement in nutritional status compared to children who didnot, and in breastfed compared to non-breastfed, but Mann WhitneyU-test was not able to detect significant differences (p>0.05). Strati-fication using age group showed that calories and thiamin intakesof older children (348 months) were lower than those of youngerchildren (Kruskal Wallis tests p = 0.016 and 0.022 respectively).Conclusions The macro and micronutrients intakes of severelymalnourished under five-year children were lower than RDA, ex-cept for vitamin A. There were differences in nutrient intakes ac-cording to the improvement in nutritional status and age group

scholarly journals Popular Nutrition-Related Mobile Apps: An Agreement Assessment Against a UK Reference Method (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Fallaize ◽  
Rodrigo Zenun Franco ◽  
Jennifer Pasang ◽  
Faustina Hwang ◽  
Julie A Lovegrove
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

BACKGROUND Nutrition-related apps are commonly used to provide information about the user’s dietary intake, but limited research has been performed to assess how well their outputs agree with those from standard methods. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to evaluate the level of agreement of popular nutrition-related apps for the assessment of energy and available macronutrients and micronutrients against a UK reference method. METHODS We compared dietary analysis of 24-hour weighed food records (n=20) between 5 nutrition-related apps (Samsung Health, MyFitnessPal, FatSecret, Noom Coach, and Lose It!) and Dietplan6 (reference method), using app versions available in the United Kingdom. We compared estimates of energy, macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein, fat, saturated fat, and fiber), and micronutrients (sodium, calcium, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin C) using paired t tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, correlation coefficients, and Bland-Altman plots. We obtained 24-hour weighed food records from 20 participants (15 female, 5 male participants; mean age 36.3 years; mean body mass index 22.9 kg/m2) from previous controlled studies conducted at the Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, UK. Participants had recorded their food consumption over a 24-hour period using standard protocols. RESULTS The difference in estimation of energy and saturated fat intake between Dietplan6 and the diet apps was not significant. Estimates of protein and sodium intake were significantly lower using Lose It! and FatSecret than using Dietplan6. Lose It! also gave significantly lower estimates for other reported outputs (carbohydrate, fat, fiber, and sodium) than did Dietplan6. Samsung Health and MyFitnessPal significantly underestimated calcium, iron, and vitamin C compared with Dietplan6, although there was no significant difference for vitamin A. We observed no other significant differences between Dietplan6 and the apps. Correlation coefficients ranged from r=–.12 for iron (Samsung Health vs Dietplan6) to r=.91 for protein (FatSecret vs Dietplan6). Noom Coach was limited to energy output, but it had a high correlation with Dietplan6 (r=.91). Samsung Health had the greatest variation of correlation, with energy at r=.79. Bland-Altman analysis revealed potential proportional bias for vitamin A. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the apps provide estimates of energy and saturated fat intake comparable with estimates by Dietplan6. With the exception of Lose It!, the apps also provided comparable estimates of carbohydrate, total fat, and fiber. FatSecret and Lose It! tended to underestimate protein and sodium. Estimates of micronutrient intake (calcium, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin C) by 2 apps (Samsung Health and MyFitnessPal) were inconsistent and less reliable. Lose It! was the app least comparable with Dietplan6. As the use and availability of apps grows, this study helps clinicians and researchers to make better-informed decisions about using these apps in research and practice.

The In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Quercus robur L. Methanolic and Aqueous Leaves’ Extracts, from the Algerian High Plateaus Against some Uropathogenic Microbial Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-274
Author(s):  
E. Benyagoub ◽  
N. Nabbou ◽  
S. Boukhalkhel ◽  
I. Dehini
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Microbial Strains

The medicinal value of the plants is due to their chemical components that bring a definite physiological action on the human body to prevent the diseases. In this work, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of leaves’ extracts of Quercus robur L., collected from the Algerian upper highlands, on ten bacterial strains and one fungal strain known to be pathogenic. First, we performed a qualitative phytochemical analysis, and second, antimicrobial activity tests performed by agar diffusion method (disc and well) with the determination of MIC by broth macro-dilution method. Given the results, it appears that obtained macerates of Quercus robur L. were rich in bioactive phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, and other components. The yield of aqueous and methanolic macerates of leaves was 8.5 ± 1.41 and 22.4 ± 4.36%, respectively. The bacterial resistance was relatively important to several antibiotics, namely, ampicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid for strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. However, Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to fusidic acid, penicillin, and oxacillin; while Enterococcus faecalis was resistant to fusidic acid, penicillin, oxacillin, and ticarcillin. The antibacterial activity of the macerates toward tested microbial strains showed that the aqueous and methanolic macerates of the leaves were proportional to the tested concentration and active not only against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but also on the fungal species Candida albicans. The estimated MIC for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus was in the order of 10 mg/mL, which seems more effective than toward Salmonella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans which were in the order of 30 mg/mL. These preliminary results confirm that the part of the studied plant had a very good antimicrobial activity that was proportional to the serial concentrations of the tested extracts.

PROFIL KONSUMSI ZAT GIZI PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR ANEMIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Enggar Wijayanti ◽  
Ulfa Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Recall

Latar Belakang. Anemia merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi yang banyak terjadi di negara berkembang. Faktor gizi yang turut berkontribusi terhadap kejadian anemia diantaranya adalah kurangnya asupan zat gizi yang memengaruhi pembentukan Hemoglobin (Hb) pada penderita anemia. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran konsumsi energi, protein, zat besi, asam folat, vitamin C, vitamin A, dan seng pada subjek penderita anemia dibandingkan dengan angka kecukupan gizi (AKG) yang diduga menjadi faktor penyebab anemia. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional dan merupakan bagian dari penelitian “Observasi Klinik Formula Jamu Anemia” yang dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Desember 2018. Jumlah subjek sebanyak 83 orang dengan rentang usia 16-49 tahun. Data konsumsi makanan dikumpulkan dengan wawancara menggunakan food recall 24 jam dan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan program Nutrisurvey. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar subjek memiliki status gizi normal. Tingkat konsumsi zat besi, asam folat, dan seng subjek kurang dari AKG, konsumsi energi dalam kategori cukup, dan konsumsi protein, vitamin A serta vitamin C lebih dari AKG. Hasil uji bivariat chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi yang bermakna antara status anemia dengan konsumsi zat gizi (p>0,05). Kesimpulan. Wanita usia subur (WUS) yang menderita anemia rata-rata memiliki tingkat konsumsi zat besi, asam folat, dan seng kurang dari AKG

scholarly journals Potential Role of Vitamins and Zinc on Acute Respiratory Infections Including Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110217
Author(s):  
Indah K. Murni ◽  
Endy P. Prawirohartono ◽  
Rina Triasih
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Short Period

Background. Vitamin C, E, D, A, zinc are considered to be essential in preventing and treating of acute respiratory infections (ARI) including COVID-19. Methods. We reviewed published studies evaluating the potential roles of these vitamin and zinc for ARIs and COVID-19 using Medline database, medRxiv, and bibliographic references. Results. Vitamins C, D, and E did not reduce incidence of common cold in general, but vitamin C reduced by half in population with physical and environment stresses. Vitamins C and E shortened duration and reduced severity of common cold. A large-dose vitamin A had no effect on recovery from pneumonia. Zinc improved clinical deterioration and pneumonia duration in under five. The effect on preventing COVID-19 morbidity and related-death was lacking. Conclusions. Although the effects of vitamins and zinc on ARIs including COVID-19 were inconclusive, taking these for a short period during pandemic may be beneficial when there is risks of deficiency.

scholarly journals Vegetables, Potatoes and Their Products as Sources of Energy and Nutrients to the Average Diet in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3217
Author(s):  
Hanna Górska-Warsewicz ◽  
Krystyna Rejman ◽  
Joanna Kaczorowska ◽  
Wacław Laskowski
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
Kohonen Neural Networks ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Total Fat

The aim of our study was to analyse vegetables, potatoes and their products as sources of energy and nutrients in the average diet in Poland. Representative data of the 2016 Household Budget Survey from 36,886 households were used. This is the largest study sample in Poland, so we generalized the conclusions to the whole population using the statement ‘average diet’. We analysed three main product groups: vegetables, vegetable products, and potatoes and potatoes products, dividing them into 14 subgroups (e.g., tomatoes, cabbage, carrots, other vegetables, and mushrooms). The percentages of energy, protein, carbohydrates, total fat, nine vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E), seven minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium and zinc), and fibre from the analysed food subgroups are presented. Additionally, the influence of household characteristics on the supply of energy and nutrients from each subgroup of vegetables, potatoes, and their products was evaluated using cluster analysis. In the analysis, R programme and Kohonen neural networks were applied. Our study showed that vegetables, potatoes, and their products provide 7.3% of daily dietary energy supply. Vegetables contribute more than 20% of the supply of six nutrients: vitamin C (51.8%), potassium (32.5%), folate (31.0%), vitamin A (30.6%), vitamin B6 (27.8%), and magnesium (20.2%), as well as fibre (31.8%). Cluster analysis distinguished three clusters that differed in nutritional supply from vegetables, potatoes, and their products. Educational level, income measured by quintile groups, village size, socio-economic characteristics, urbanization degree, and land use were the most important factors determining differences between clusters.

scholarly journals Vitamin Analysis, Trace Elements Content, and Their Extractabilities in Tetrapleura tetraptera

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Prince Oteng ◽  
John K. Otchere ◽  
Stephen Adusei ◽  
Richard Q. Mensah ◽  
Emmanuel Tei-Mensah
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Trace Element Content ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tetrapleura Tetraptera ◽  
Vitamin Analysis

Tetrapleura tetraptera is widely cherished in African traditional homes because of its alleged therapeutic and nutritional properties. This present study aimed at determining the levels of vitamin A, C, E, and beta-carotene and trace element (Fe, Cu, Mn, Co, Se, and Zn) concentrations and their extractabilities in the pulp, seeds, and whole fruit (mixture of pulp and seeds) of T. tetraptera. The total trace element concentration of Fe, Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn and their extractabilities (%) were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS), whereas UV-VIS spectrophotometer was used to determine selenium concentration. The trace element content (mg/kg) based on dry weight in the pulp, seeds, and whole fruit was Fe (162.00 ± 7.14, 115.00 ± 12.00, and 154.00 ± 25.20, respectively), Zn (31.60 ± 4.77, 43.40 ± 5.29, and 41.50 ± 8.97, respectively), Cu (16.10 ± 4.98, 11.90 ± 8.40, and 17.20 ± 14.50, respectively), Mn (55.30 ± 2.41, 156.00 ± 10.20, and 122.00 ± 5.29, respectively), Co (38.10 ± 6.40, 21.10 ± 7.15, and 44.00 ± 14.90, respectively), and Se (1.49 ± 0.17, 2.43 ± 0.28, and 2.97 ± 0.27 μg/g, respectively). The mineral extractabilities (%) in the pulp, seeds, and whole fruit of T. tetraptera were established to be in the order Co > Zn > Fe > Cu > Se > Mn. Also, the chromatographic method (HPLC) was used to evaluate vitamin E concentration, and vitamin C and concentration of beta-carotene were calculated from the obtained concentration of vitamin A using a conversion factor by the titrimetric method. From the results of vitamin analysis, a significant difference (p<0.05) was observed among the pulp, seeds, and whole fruit for vitamin C and E. However, no significant difference (p>0.05) was perceived among these plant parts for vitamin A and beta-carotene. This study has therefore revealed that the pulp, seeds, and whole fruit of T. tetraptera contain varying concentrations of vitamins and trace elements and has given many vital insights on which part of T. tetraptera to consume, as concentrations of these nutrients differ in the discrete parts of the fruit.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Litsea angulata extracts

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1839
Author(s):  
Harlinda Kuspradini ◽  
Indah Wulandari ◽  
Agmi Sinta Putri ◽  
Sabeti Yulis Tiya ◽  
Irawan Wijaya Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Free Radical Formation ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Constituent ◽  
Microdilution Broth

Background: Litsea angulata is a plant species belonging to Lauraceae family that is distributed throughout Indonesia, Malaysia, and New Guinea. The seeds have been traditionally used by local people in Kalimantan, Indonesia for the treatment of boils; however, there is no information about the potency of its branch, bark and leaves yet. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial activity as well as the phytochemical constituent of Litsea angulata branch, bark, and leaves. Methods: Extraction was performed by successive maceration method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvent. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The antimicrobial activity using the 96 well-plate microdilution broth method against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Results: Based on the phytochemical analysis, it showed that extract of L. angulata contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and coumarin. The results showed that all extracts of plant samples displayed the ability to inhibit DPPH free radical formation and all tested microorganisms. Conclusions: L. angulata contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, carotenoids, and coumarin. The antioxidant activity on different plant extracts was a range as very strong to weak capacity. All extracts in this study could inhibit the growth of S. aureus and S. mutans.

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