scholarly journals Faktor Risiko terhadap Total Bakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Koliform, dan E. coli pada Susu Kambing

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Widodo Suwito ◽  
Erna Winarti ◽  
Felisitas Kristiyanti ◽  
Ari Widyastuti ◽  
Andriani Andriani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Total Bacteria

The objective of this research is to determine the risk factors that affect the total bacteria, S. aureus, coliform, and E. coli in goat milk against SNI No 01-6366-2000 requirements. A total of 16 samples of goat milk from Sleman district were analyzed for total bacteria, S. aureus, coliform using dilution plate count, whereas E. coli count was based on biochemical reaction. Management of each dairy goat farm was recorded using questionnaires. The risk factors of total bacteria, S. aureus, coliform, and E. coli in goat milk were determined based on chi square ( χ2) bivariate analysis, odds ratio (OR), and relative risk (RR). The risk factors that affected total bacteria, S. aureus, coliform, and E. coli in goat milk are cleanliness of stall, milk containers, personal knowledge of dairy hygiene, washing of the udder before milking, the time and the amount of milking. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi total bakteri, Staphylococcus aureus (S. Aureus), koliform, dan Escherichia coli (E. coli) pada susu kambing dari Kabupaten Sleman agar memenuhi persyaratan SNI No 01-6366-2000. Sebanyak 16 susu kambing dari Kabupaten Sleman digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Susu kambing diperiksa terhadap total bakteri, S. aureus, koliform, dengan hitungan cawan sedangkan E. coli berdasarkan reaksi biokimia. Manajemen pemerahan dari masing-masing peternakan ditulis dalam lembar kuesioner. Analisis bivariate chi square (χ2), odds ratio (OR), dan relative risk (RR) digunakan untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi total bakteri, S. aureus, koliform, dan E. coli pada susu kambing. Faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi total bakteri, S. aureus, koliform, dan E. coli dalam susu kambing adalah kebersihan kandang, tempat penampung susu, pengetahuan personal hygiene pemerah susu, mencuci ambing sebelum diperah, waktu dan banyaknya pemerahan.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
Cláudio Rodrigues Leles ◽  
Augusto César Braz Hollanda ◽  
Marcelo Sampaio Moura ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults. A total of 1,372 periapical radiographs of endodontically treated teeth were analyzed based on the quality of root filling, status of coronal restoration and presence of posts associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Data were analyzed statistically using odds ratio, confidence intervals and chi-square test. The prevalence of AP with adequate endodontic treatment was low (16.5%). This percentage dropped to 12.1% in cases with adequate root filling and adequate coronal restoration. Teeth with adequate endodontic treatment and poor coronal restoration had an AP prevalence of 27.9%. AP increased to 71.7% in teeth with poor endodontic treatment associated with poor coronal restoration. When poor endodontic treatment was combined with adequate coronal restoration, AP prevalence was 61.8%. The prevalence of AP was low when associated with high technical quality of root canal treatment. Poor coronal restoration increased the risk of AP even when endodontic treatment was adequate (OR=2.80; 95%CI=1.87-4.22). The presence of intracanal posts had no influence on AP prevalence.

scholarly journals The Existence test of Salmonella thypii and Eschericia coli of Corn Ice at Padang Bulan’s Traditional Market, Medan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Toberni S. Situmorang
Keyword(s):  
Plate Count ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Hygiene Factors ◽  
Existence Test ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Total Bacteria

Food hygiene is an important factor to protect ourselves from the contamination of germs and bacteria that enter through these food intermediaries. Food contaminated by bacteria will cause disease and can cause death if not treated immediately. Common bacteria that contaminate food are Salmonella thypii and Eschericia coli. Both types of bacteria are a group of gram-negative bacteria in the form of bacilli. This study aims to analyze and identify the bacteria S. thypii and E. coli found in corn ice samples. The study was conducted with a descriptive method by conducting a bacteriological examination to determine the quality of sample cleanliness. There are 3 stages in this study, the first stage is calculation of amount of total bacteria (total plate count), analysis of S. thypii and E. coli bacteria and identification with Gram staining. The results showed 40% of samples tested is positive for S. thypii and 60% for E. coli. The largest amount of total bacteria was shown by samples 1 and 3, which were 78 cfu and 52 cfu, respectively. The presence of S. thypii and E. coli bacteria in the sample is thought to be due to poor hygiene factors in the processing of the drink

scholarly journals Antibiogram Profiling and Thermal Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Isolated from Milk of Dharan, Nepal

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Susmita Phattepuri ◽  
Prince Subba ◽  
Arjun Ghimire ◽  
Shiv Nandan Sah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Z Value ◽  
D Values

Milk is an excellent medium for the growth of many bacteria. This study aimed to determine antibiotic profiling and thermal inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from raw milk of Dharan. Total viable count, total Staphylococcal count, and total coliform count were carried out by conventional microbiological methods. Identification was done on the basis of Gram staining and biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility test of the isolates carried out by the modified Kirby-Baur disc diffusion method. Thermal inactivation of S. aureus and E. coli were carried out by subjecting to thermal treatment in a water bath. Total plate count ranged from 204×104 CFU/mL to 332×105 CFU/mL. Total staphylococcal count and total coliform count ranged from 14×105 CFU/mL to 8×106 CFU/mL and 11×104 CFU/mL to 3×106 CFU/mL respectively. S. aureus showed an increasing resistance patterns towards Ampicillin, Cefotixin, Carbenicillin and Cefotaxime. Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin, Amikacin, Gentamycin, Azithromycin, and Chloramphenicol were found to be effective against S. aureus. All the E. coli isolates were resistant to Ampicillin and least resistant to Cefotixin. Chloramphenicol, Amikacin, Azithromycin, and Nalidixic acid were found highly effective to E. coli. The D-values for S. aureus at 56°C, 58°C and 60°C were 1.36 min, 1.19 min, and 1.09 min respectively. The Z-value was 14.92°C. While D-values were obtained as 0.98 min, 0.75 min, and 0.57 min for E. coli at 56° C, 58° C and 60° C respectively, and Z-value was 9.75° C. Hence, S. aureus was found to be more heat resistant than E. coli.

scholarly journals The role of young children in a community-wide outbreak of hepatitis A

1997 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. SMITH ◽  
J. C. GRABAU ◽  
A. WERZBERGER ◽  
R. A. GUNN ◽  
H. R. ROLKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Recurrent Hepatitis

An Hasidic Jewish community has experienced recurrent hepatitis A outbreaks since 1980. To assess risk factors for illness during a 1985–6 outbreak, the authors reviewed case records and randomly selected 93 households for an interview and serologic survey. In the outbreak, 117 cases of hepatitis A were identified, with the highest attack rate (4·2%) among 3–5 year olds. Among the survey households, the presence of 3–5 year olds was the only risk factor that increased a household's risk of hepatitis A (indeterminant relative risk, P=0·02). Furthermore, case households from the outbreak were more likely to have 3–5 year olds than were control households from the survey (odds ratio=16·4, P<0·001). Children 3–5 years old were more likely to have hepatitis A and may have been the most frequent transmitters of hepatitis A in this community. Hepatitis A vaccination of 3–5 year olds can protect this age group and might prevent future outbreaks in this community.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI E. COLI O157:H7, SALMONELLA SP, DAN SENSITIFITAS ANTIBIOTIKA DARI SUSU KAMBING DAN PRODUK OLAHANNYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Widodo Suwito ◽  
NFN Andriani ◽  
Felisitas Kristiyanti ◽  
Erna Winarti
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

<p>Susu kambing dan produk olahannya dapat terkontaminasi <em>E. coli </em>O157:H7 dan <em>Salmonella </em>sp. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk isolasi dan identifikasi <em>E. coli </em>O157:H7, <em>Salmonella </em>sp, dan sensitifitasnya terhadap antibiotika dari susu kambing dan produk olahannya. Sebanyak 15 sampel susu kambing dan produk olahannya seperti susu bubuk, permen, es krim, yogurt, dan krupuk masing-masing sebanyak 10, 3, 6, 4, dan 3 sampel. Semua sampel diperiksa terhadap <em>E. coli </em>O157:H7, dan <em>Salmonella </em>sp berdasarkan reaksi biokimia. Jumlah <em>E. coli </em>pada semua sampel dihitung dengan most probable number (MPN), sedangkan sensitifitas terhadap antibiotika dengan agar difusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa susu kambing dan produk olahannya tidak ditemukan <em>E. coli </em>O157:H7 dan <em>Salmonella </em>sp., tetapi <em>E. coli </em>non O157:H7 ditemukan pada susu kambing sebanyak 3/15 (20%) dengan jumlah &gt;6 MPN/100ml. Semua produk olahan susu kambing memiliki jumlah <em>E. coli </em>&lt;3 MPN/100ml. <em>E. coli </em>dari susu kambing resisten terhadap cefiksime, kanamisin, tetrasiklin, sulfonamide, dan oksitetrasiklin masing-masing sebanyak 1/3 (30%), sedangkan ampisilin dan amoksilin 100%.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Goat milk and dairy products could be contaminated with <em>E. coli </em>O157:H7 and <em>Salmonella </em>sp</strong>.</p><p>The purpose of this study was to isolation and identification of <em>E. coli </em>O157:H7, <em>Salmonella </em>sp, and antibiotic sensitivity from goat milk and dairy products. A total of 15 samples from goat milk and dairy products such as milk powder, candy, ice cream, yogurt, and crackers respectively 10, 3, 6, 4, and 3 samples. All samples were analyzed for <em>E. coli </em>O157: H7, and Salmonella sp with biochemical reaction. Total of <em>E. coli </em>in all samples was measured with most probable number (MPN) and antibiotic sensitivity with diffusion agar. These study showed that goat milk and dairy products not found <em>E. coli </em>O157:H7 and <em>Salmonella </em>sp., whereas <em>E. coli </em>non O157:H7 was found in goat milk 3/15 (20%) with total <em>E. coli </em>&gt;6 MPN/100ml. All dairy goat products have total <em>E. coli </em>&lt;3 MPN/100ml. <em>E. coli </em>from goat milk was resistant to cefixime, kanamycin, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and oxytetracycline 1/3 (30%) respectively, but ampicillin and amoxicillin 100%.</p>

scholarly journals FAKTOR RISIKO KEPADATAN LALAT DAN SANITASI RUMAH DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE DI KELURAHAN TANJUNG PINANG KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Listautin Listautin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Diarrhea is one of health problem in the world including Indonesia. The Morbidity survey undertaken by Sub-Directorate of diarrhea, Health Department from 2007 to 2010is improved. According to the data gained from Puskesmas in Tanjung Pinang Jambi in 2017, it is found out that 5 different districs in Tanjung Pinang are the district which has the highest rate of diarrhea sufferers. The aim of this study is to find out the risk factors of the flies density and the dwelling sanitation to the occurance of diarrhea in Tanjung Pinang Jambi in 2017. This study is quantitative study by using case control design. The sample of this study is 68 people who consists of 34 samples of case group and 34 samples of control group. This study is analyzed through univariate and bivariate analysis by using chi-square test. The instruments of this study are the reviewed document, ceklist, and the measurement through fly grill. The result of analysis are found out that toilet is the main risk factor for the occurance of diarrhea with odds ratio (OR) value is 3,519. Sewerage (SPAL) is one the risk factor of the diarrhea occurance with odds ratio (OR) value is 3,361. The waste is the other risk factors for the occurance of diarrhea with odds ratio (OR) value is 4,418. The flies density is the protective factor for the diarrhea occurance with odds ratio (OR) value is 0,773.Based on the result of this study, it can be concluded that it is necesarry to do the coorporation across program to optimize the noticing of information to public concerning on the importance of good dwelling sanitation and the low flies density in order to avoid from the occurance of diarrhea.Keyword : Diarrhea, Dwelling Sanitation, Flies Density

scholarly journals Prevalence of Escherichia Coli, Salmonella Sp, Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria in Chicken Meat of Traditional Market Surabaya City

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204
Author(s):  
Ulfa Dwi Karisma ◽  
Nurul Wiqoyah ◽  
Suhintam Pusarawati
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Test Results ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Foodborne disease is a disease caused by contaminated food. Chicken meat is very susceptible to contamination by bacteria. Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp, and Staphylococcus aureus are types of bacteria found in chicken meat. The purpose of this study was to see how many Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp, and Staphylococcus aureus colonies in raw chicken meat in traditional markets in Surabaya City. The research sample used was 30 samples of chicken meat taken in 5 traditional markets in Surabaya. Six chicken meat sellers were taken with 1 sample and put in the sterile tube from each market. The test was carried out using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The TPC test results showed that all samples were contaminated with E. coli, with the most colony being 2.2X10-7 CFU/g while the minor colony was 5X10-4 CFU/g. There are two samples contaminated with Salmonella sp, in the G market and the W market, with code D6 4.7X10-6 CFU/g and code E5 1X10-6 CFU/g. Meanwhile, S. aureus was only found in the W market with sample codes E1 & E6, and each sample had a colony of 2.7X 10-7 CFU/g and 2X10-5 CFU/g.

Destruction de Microbacterium lacticum, Escherichia coli et Staphylococcus aureus au cours du séchage du lait par atomisation. I. Dénombrement sélectif des bactéries survivantes

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-720
Author(s):  
A. Chopin ◽  
G. Mocquot ◽  
Y. Le Graet
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Resistant Mutant ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Plate Counts

In this paper a method which allows the measure of microbial death rate during spray-drying by means of a streptomycin-resistant mutant that can be grown on a streptomycin-containing agar is described. Plate counts of Microbacterium lacticum, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus recovered from skim milk powders were done on plate count agar in the presence and absence of streptomycin and on various selective media. The powders were produced from evaporated milk previously inoculated with those organisms.Our results showed that the proposed method allows the recovery of 78% of M. lacticum, 61% of E. coli, and 100% of S. aureus that survived spray-drying. Recoveries of surviving E. coli on violet bile agar and brilliant green bile 2% were 34% and 29% respectively. Baird-Parker and mannitol salt agar media allow the recovery of all surviving S. aureus, thus showing that S. aureus cells did not lose their ability to grow in media containing 7.5% NaCl. Our results show that physiological injury of the cells during spray-drying differs from injury due to heating only. [Traduit par le journal]

scholarly journals A Study on Standard of Buffalo Meat Hygiene in Dharan

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Mani Adhikari ◽  
Rajendra Prasad Subedi ◽  
Dilip Subba
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Buffalo Meat ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Microbiological Analyses

Hygiene standard of buffalo meat in Dharan was assessed by microbiological analyses and field survey method. Ten samples of buffalo meat, knives, chopping board and hands of butchers were examined for total plate count (TPC), total coliforms, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and Shigella. Average of TPC, Coliforms, E. coli and S. aureus counts in meat were 3.59×107, 2.06×104, 1.69×103 and 9.67×103 cfu/g respectively. Salmonella was detected in 80% samples and all samples were Shigella positive. The average TPC count of chopping board, knives and hands were found to be 3.15×104, 3.47×103 and 2.01×104 cfu/ cm2 respectively. The average Coliform, E. coli and S. aureus counts of chopping board were found to be 1.11×103, 9.8× 101 and 6.2×102 cfu/cm2. The average Coliform, E. coli and S. aureus counts of knives were found to be 1.31×103, 1.66×102 and 2.83×102 cfu/cm2. The average Coliform, E. coli and S. aureus counts of the palms of butchers were found to be 1.95×103, 1.66×102 and 1.77×102 cfu/cm2. Two chopping boards, three knives and three hands were found Salmonella free. Five chopping boards, three knives and two hands were detected for Shigella. The field survey of 31 meat shops showed that the hygiene condition of meat sold in Dharan was found unsatisfactory. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfstn.v7i0.10617   J. Food Sci. Technol. Nepal, Vol. 7 (99-101), 2012  

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