scholarly journals The Effect of Papaya Seed Ethanol Extract in Vivo on The Number of Osteoblasts Cells of Periodontitis-Induced Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ratih Pusporini ◽  
Ahmad Basori ◽  
Agung Krismariono
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoblast Cells ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Rat Osteoblast ◽  
Papaya Seed

The papaya seed ethanol extract is rich in antioxidant ingredients, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. One of the main factors causing chronic inflammatory in periodontitis is oxidative stress. Administration of papaya seed extract is assumed to increase the number of rat osteoblast cells induced periodontitis. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of papaya seed extract on osteoblasts cells of rat induced periodontitis. This research represented an experimental laboratory-based investigation involving 35 rats of the Rattus norvegicus strain divided into 5 treatment groups (K, P1, P2, P3, P4). Control group (K) was not induced by periodontitis and was not given an extract, while group P induced periodontitis using LPS Phorphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) for 7 days and continued wire mesh installation around the mandibular incisors in the form of number “8” for 7 days. P1 group was given feed only without extract, while the rest were given extract of 200 mg/kgBB, 300mg/kgBB, and 400mg/kgBB. The data obtained were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test. The results showed that the average number of osteoblasts varied significantly between the groups. There was an increase in the average number of osteoblast cells in rat induced periodontitis after given papaya seed extract.

scholarly journals Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) Seed Extract as Male Contraception via Decreasing The Quality of Rat's (Rattus Norvegicus) Sperm

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Sri Nita ◽  
Arum Setiawan ◽  
Rara Inggarsih ◽  
Uci Tantri ◽  
Meryska Hardiana
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Contraception ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Male Contraceptive ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Papaya Seed

Background. Population growth needs to be controlled so as not to cause new and serious problems. Pregnancy and birth control is a solution to control this sizable population growth. Contraception is a way to prevent pregnancy, by inhibiting the process of ovulation, fertilization and implantation. Nevertheless, most of contraceptive regiments were aimed to woman. Male contraception nowadays is very rare. Papaya seed is one of the male contraceptive candidates which has the potential to be developed as male contraception. Previous studies have shown the potential of papaya seed extract could reduce the weight of reproductive organs of male white rats, where it was believed that there was a decrease in spermatogenesis activity. Methods. This research was an in-vivo experimental research post-test only with control group. The study used 32 male and healthy rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain with 8-10 weeks of age. Rats were grouped into 1 control group and 4 treatment groups that were randomly selected. The four treatment groups were group 1: control administered 1% 2ml CMC orally one time per day every morning, group 2: were given N-hexane papaya seed fraction, group 3: were given ethyl acetate papaya seed fraction and group 4: were given ethanol-water papaya seed fraction. The three fractions were given to rats orally at a dose of 100 mg / KgBB / day for 24 days. After that, rat's testes and epidydimis were evacuated to observe reproductive organs and sperm quality. Results. Anatomically, Group 2 and 3 were statistically significant in reducing testicular's and epidydimis' weight compared to the control group, but the n-hexane group was more effective in reducing testicular weight than other treatment groups. Furthermore, groups 2, 3 and 4 were statistically significant in reducing  sperm quality (motility, viability, amount of sperm cells and normal sperm cell morphology)  compared to the control group, but the n-hexane group was more effective in reducing sperm quality than other treatment groups. Conclusion. Papaya seed n-hexane fraction has potential as a male contraceptive by reducing spermatogenesis activity and decreasing sperm quality in white rats. Keyword : papaya seed, male contraception, rat's sperm

scholarly journals Ethanol Extract of Carica papaya Leaf Can Increase Breast Milk in Lactating Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 520-526
Author(s):  
Yanti Herawati ◽  
Umi Kalsum ◽  
I Wayan Arsana Wiyasa ◽  
Lelly Yuniarti ◽  
Teguh Wahju Sardjono
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Prolactin Receptor ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Post Test

BACKGROUND: Carica papaya leaves (Carica papaya L) have been used empirically and traditionally as a galactogogue, but their mechanism as galactogogue is still unknown. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the effect of ethanol extract from papaya leaves on blood prolactin levels, prolactin receptor (prlr) gene expression, the number of breast alveoli and lobes of lactating rats. METHODS: This in vivo true experimental study with a post-test control group design was conducted on 24 rats with the same lactating period. They were divided into four groups consisting of six rats each. The control group was given daily standard food, whereas the three treatment groups were, respectively, given additionally ethanol extract of 0.95 mg, 1.9 mg, and 3.8 mg/200 g BW/day from day 1 to day 14 of lactation. On day 14, all of the rats were sacrificed, blood prolactin levels were measured by ELISA, prlr gene expressions were measured using RT-PCR, and numbers of breast alveoli and lobes were microscopically observed through staining histological specimens. A statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, Games–Howell test, and path analysis at 95% confidence level. RESULTS: Levels of blood prolactin levels, prlr gene expression, the number of breast alveoli, and lobes of all treatment rat groups were significantly above those of the control group (p < 0.05). The increases of all parameters were consistent; the most effective dose was 1.9 mg/200 g BW. CONCLUSION: The Carica papaya leaf ethanol extract had a galactogogue effect on lactating rats by increasing blood prolactin levels, prlr gene expression, and numbers number of breast alveoli and lobes.

Ethanol Extract of Achillea fragrantissima Enhances Angiogenesis through Stimulation of VEGF Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana M. Hammad ◽  
Amer Imraish ◽  
Maysa Al-Hussaini ◽  
Malek Zihlif ◽  
Amani A. Harb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Aortic Ring ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Achillea Fragrantissima

Objective: Achillea fragrantissima L. (Asteraceae) is a traditionally used medicinal herb in the rural communities of Jordan. Methods: The present study evaluated the efficacy of the ethanol extract of this species on angiogenesis in both, ex vivo using rat aortic ring assay and in vivo using rat excision wound model. Results: In concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml, the ethanol extract showed angiogenic stimulatory effect and significantly increased length of capillary protrusions around aorta rings of about 60% in comparison to those of untreated aorta rings. In MCF-7 cells, the ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima stimulates the production of VEGF in a dose-dependent manner. 1% and 5% of ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima containing vaseline based ointment was applied on rat excision wounds for six days and was found to be effective in wound healing and maturation of the scar. Both preparations resulted in better wound healing when compared to the untreated control group and vaseline-treated group. This effect was comparable to that induced by MEBO, the positive control. Conclusion: The results indicate that A. fragrantissima has a pro-angiogenic effect, which may act through the VEGF signaling pathway.

scholarly journals SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY TEST OF COMBINATION ETHANOL EXTRACT OF DETAM 1 SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L. MERR) AND JATI BELANDA (GUAZUMA ULMIFOLIA LAMK) TOWARD FUNCTION, WEIGHT, AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL OF WISTAR RAT LIVER

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Meilinah Hidayat ◽  
Sijani Prahastuti ◽  
Estherolita Dewi ◽  
Dewi Safitri ◽  
Siti Farah Rahmawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACTObjective: As an antiobesity therapy, combination extracts of Detam 1 soybean and Jati Belanda will be consumed for a long time; therefore, theirtoxicities to the liver need to be investigated. To determine the effect of subchronic toxicity test of combination of ethanol extract of Detam 1 soybean(EEDS) and ethanol extract of Jati Belanda (EEJB) on liver function with parameters: Alanine transaminase (ALT), macroscopic, and histopathologicalof liver.Methods: This study was conducted on 120 Wistar rats (60 males and 60 females), 90 days (treatment group) and 120 days (satellite group). Ratswere divided into six treatment groups (3 test materials, 1 control, and 2 satellites); each group included 10 males and 10 females.Results: ALT levels of treatment groups (low dose, medium, and high), both males and females were lower than the control group (p<0.05). Thetreatment groups demonstrated a good effects effect on liver function. Liver weight of all groups showed no significant difference compared with thecontrol group (p>0.05). Results of histopathological score interpretation of male and female liver rats of low dose groups were not disturbed; middledose groups were slightly disturbed and high dose groups were damaged. Satellite high doses of male groups were disrupted, while female groupswere not.Conclusion: The combination of EEDS and EEJB has a good effect on liver function, did not lead to change organ weight and at low doses did not causerenal histopathology damage in rats after 90 days administration.Keywords: Combination of soybean Jati Belanda, Toxicity subchronic test, Function, Weight, Histopathology, Liver.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIINFLAMASI EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAUN ASHITABA (Angelica keiskei) SECARA IN VIVO DENGAN PENGINDUKSI KARAGENAN

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haka As'ada ◽  
Yardi Saibi ◽  
Hendri Aldrat
Keyword(s):  
Dose Range ◽  
White Male ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angelica Keiskei ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ashitaba leaves (Angelica keiskei) or also known as tommorow's leaf is plant that known to have various health benefit, one of them is as an anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity of ashitaba leaves has been known through in vitro assays. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves through in vivo assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was performed on white male rat of Sprague dawley strain with induction method of edema on rat's foot using 1% carrageenan 0.2 ml. Rats were divided into 5 groups. The negative control group was given a 0.5% Na-CMC suspension, a positive control group was given sodium diclofenac suspension of 5.14 mg / kgBW, and the test group was given 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves at a dose of 1000; 2000; and 4000 mg / kgBW suspended in 0.5% Na-CMC. The results showed that in that dose range the 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves had anti-inflammatory activity that did not depend on the dose. Percentage of edema of 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves dose 1000; 2000; 4000 mg / kgBB was significantly different with negative control (p ≤ 0,05) and had percentage of edema inhibition respectively 83,95%, 79,01%, and 80,25%. The results of this study showed that 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves have anti-inflammatory activity. Keywords: Ashitaba, Angelica keiskei, tommorow's leaf, anti-inflammatory, carrageenan.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Antidiarrheal Unripe Wooden Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) in Male Balb-C/Mice Induced with Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Arista Wahyu Ningsih ◽  
Maftuchah Rochmanti ◽  
Achmad Basori
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Fecal Weight ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

The survey results in Indonesia in 2017 showed that the diarrhea morbidity rate for all age groups was 6.897.463. In Indonesia, unripe wooden banana has been used empirically as an antidiarrheal by the people in Senduro village, Lumajang, East Java. The study aimed to prove the antidiarrheal effect of ethanol extract of unripe wooden banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) in male Balb-C/mice induced by Escherichia coli bacteria. This study was a laboratory experimental study with post-test only control group design that used 40 mice divided into 8 groups, namely 1 group without treatment (normal mice) and 7 groups induced by Escherichia coli (1 negative control group given CMC-Na, 3 groups positive controls were given Loperamid HCL 0,5 mg/kgBW, 1 mg/kgBW and 2 mg/kgBW and 3 treatment groups were given extracts 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW). Observation of animals in this study was carried out for 4 hours. Data were analyzed of frequency of diarrhea, fecal weight and fecal consistency used Kruskal Wallis and the results showed significant differences between treatment groups (p <0.05). From the results of the Mann-Whitney test, the ethanol extract of unripe wooden banana with a dose of 100 mg/kgBW was not significantly different (p> 0.05) with the control group of Loperamid HCL dose of 0.5 mg/kgBW. Unripe wooden banana had been shown to have antidiarrheal activity at an extract dose of 100 mg/kg BW in terms of the parameters of fecal consistency, frequency of diarrhea, and fecal weight. The results showed that the higher the dose, the better antidiarrheal activity.

The Effect of Apis mellifera Propolis on RUNX-2 and ALP during Remodeling of Orthodontic Tooth movement

2021 ◽  
pp. 2363-2366
Author(s):  
Budi Handayani ◽  
Mieke Sylvia Margaretha A R ◽  
Rini Devijanti Ridwan ◽  
Mohammed Aljunaid
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Group 2

Herbal medicine is interesting including treatments that use propolis. Propolis collected by Apis mellifera bees has a very useful composition whose active ingredients are flavonoids, CAPE and saponin. This research aims to analyze the effect of Apis mellifera propolis on RUNX-2 and ALP during the remodeling period caused by the orthodontic tooth movement in Cavia cobaya. It constitutes an experimental laboratory study and a random sampling method. The method used experimental laboratory research on 28 Cavia cobaya, which were divided into four groups consisting of two control groups and two treatment groups which have been given 3% and 5% propolis extract respectively. RUNX-2 and ALP expression were evaluated using immunohistochemical staining. Materials and Methods: Propolis is a resin substance produced by bees. Cavia cobaya with orthodontic tooth movement by separator rubber. The control group (Group 1) included clinically healthy Cavia cobaya (n=7), (Group 2) included Cavia cobaya with orthodontic tooth movement (n=7). A treatment group (Group P1) Cavia cobaya have been treated with orthodontic tooth movement and propolis 3%, (Group P2) Cavia cobaya have been treated with orthodontic tooth movement and propolis 5% and observed for 17 days. Samples of maxilla were taken from the subjects for analysis on day 17. RUNX-2 and ALP expression were evaluated using immunohistochemical staining. Results: showed that RUNX-2 and ALP expression were found to increase in the tension side. Conclusion: Propolis extract at 5% concentration had ability in bone remodeling by increasing RUNX-2 and ALP expression in the tension area during orthodontic tooth movement.

scholarly journals DRES-07. TMZ-LEV- IFN COCKTAIL REGIMEN SIGNIFICANTLY INHIBITED THE GROWTH OF GLIOMA IN VIVO

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi72-vi73
Author(s):  
Xiang-rong Ni ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Fu-rong Chen ◽  
Hai-ping Cai ◽  
Yan-jiao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Line ◽  
Killing Effect ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Mgmt Protein ◽  
Tumor Killing

Abstract OBJECTIVE Temozolomide (TMZ), is the first line chemotherapeutic drug for glioma. Previous studies have suggested that interferon (IFN) and levetiracetam (LEV) could respectively reverse the resistance of TMZ by down-regulating MGMT expression. This study, we aim to investigate the therapeutic effect of a cocktail chemotherapy regimen combining TMZ, LEV, IFN in vivo. METHODS Glioma cell lines U251 and SKMG-4 (MGMT protein expression positive), U138 and GSC-1(MGMT protein expression negative) were used for producing xenograft tumors. The xenograft tumors were established by subcutaneously injecting 1×106 glioma cells into female BALB/C nude mice and divided into 5 treatment groups: Control, TMZ, TMZ+IFN, TMZ+LEV, TMZ+LEV+IFN. The treatment with TMZ (50 mg/kg, i.p.), IFN (2×105 IU, s.c.), LEV (150 mg/kg, i.p.) once a day for five consecutive days and xenograft tumors were measured every two days. RESULTS We identified that U138, U251, SKMG-4 tumor growth among TMZ, TMZ+IFN, TMZ+LEV, TMZ+LEV+IFN were all significantly inhibited (P< 0.05), compared with the control. As for U251 and SKMG-4, tumor killing effect of all 4 treatment groups were not different (P > 0.05). In the treatment of mice bearing U138 glioma, the tumor weight of TMZ+LEV+IFN (0.2688±0.1169 g) group was the lowest and significantly lower than that of TMZ+LEV (0.6574±0.08174g, P=0.0261), TMZ+IFN(0.6108±0.07317 g, P=0.0381), and TMZ (0.9054±0.07154 g, P=0.0017) group. Glioma stem cells GSC-1 was highly resistant to TMZ, tumor volume of TMZ group was not different from control group (P >0.05). While compared with TMZ (1.993±0.1274 g) group, in TMZ+IFN (1.506±0.1223g, P=0.0203), TMZ+LEV (1.178±0.1807g, P=0.0042), and TMZ+LEV+IFN (1.049±0.2171 g, P=0.0038) groups, GSC-1 tumor growth were significantly inhibited(P< 0.05). CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that both IFN and LEV can sensitize TMZ effect on glioma in vivo, even for MGMT(+) tumors, and TMZ-LEV-IFN cocktail regimen seems the best. Key words: glioma, TMZ, LEV, IFN

scholarly journals Postorthodontic Relapse Prevention by Administration of Grape Seed (Vitis vinifera) Extract Containing Cyanidine in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananto Ali Alhasyimi ◽  
Niswati Fathmah Rosyida ◽  
Mufliha Santi Rihadini
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of grape seed extract containing cyanidin on osteoclastogenesis (by means of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand [RANKL] and osteoprotegerin [OPG] levels) and the number of osteoclasts during orthodontic relapse in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods This study is an in vivo quasi experimental research. A total of 32 male Wistar rats were used in the study, which were randomly split equally into two groups, grape seed (GS) and control group (CG). All rats were given an orthodontic force of 35 cN using a stainless steel 3-spin coil spring that was activated for 7 days and then conditioned to be passive. During this phase, the GS group was administered grape seed extract containing cyanidin once per day. Orthodontic appliances were removed from both groups afterward, and then the alveolar bone tissue was isolated consecutively according to observation days (days 1, 3, 7, and 14), while OPG and RANKL levels were analyzed in their gingival crevicular fluid using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Tissues were then stained with hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and observed under a light microscope to count the number of osteoclast cells. Data were analyzed statistically using an independent t-test (p < 0.05). Results The number of osteoclasts in the GS group was significantly lower than that in the CG group on all experiment days (p = 0.021; p = 0.001; p = 0.024; p = 0.001; p < 0.05). ELISA results showed that the RANKL level of the GS group was significantly lower on days 3 and 7 (p = 0.025; p = 0.039; p < 0.05), while the OPG level was significantly higher on days 1 and 3 in the GS group than in the CG group (p = 0.039; p = 0.021; p < 0.05). Conclusion Grape seed extract can prevent postorthodontic relapse movement by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and reducing the number of osteoclasts in Wistar rats.

ANTI-HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT Peperomia pellucida

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chasanah Mazroatul
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
White Rats

<p>Hypercholesterolemia is a major cause of cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease. Betel water (Peperomia pellucida) is a type of plants that have antioxidant compounds that could delay, retard and prevent the oxidation of lipids, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract Peperomia pellucida against total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides in the serum of white rats (Wistar) were given a diet aterogenetik, so it can be used as prevention of atherosclerosis. The active compounds contained in the water after screnning betel phytochemicals includes flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids and quinones. In vivo studies conducted by true experimental method with pre and post test with control group design. Rats were divided into 3 groups: group A positive control is given aterogenetik diet, group B and C were given diet Peperomia Pellucida aterogenetik and extract orally at a dose of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg. Diet aterogenetik given as much as 20 grams per day for 14 days. Data obtained include total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides were analyzed by statistical methods Paired T Test oneway ANOVA (P &lt; 0,05). The study of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides showed ethanol extract of Peperomia pellucida at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight can lower total cholesterol and LDL significantly, but there was no significant decline in triglycerides and can increase HDL levels.</p>

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