scholarly journals EVALUATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF VERNONIA ELAEAGNIFOLIA DC. (ASTERACEAE) IN GLYCOPHYTIC AND HALOPHYTIC CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
JATHINA M. ◽  
ABDUS SALAM A. K.
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Hoagland Solution ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

Objective: The investigate some of the antioxidant activities and bioactive potentials of Vernonia elaeagnifolia grown hydroponically in glycophytic and halophytic conditions. Methods: Plants were grown in Hoagland solution and subjected to (Sodium chloride (NaCl) treatments. Plants cultivated without salt stress served as the control. The phytochemical analysis was done with the help of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and antioxidants were analyzed following standard procedures using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. Results: Significant changes were observed in the presence of antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), total polyphenols, proline and ascorbic acid. GPX and proline proved to be the major components in imparting salinity stress tolerance. The control showed the presence of 23 bioactive components while the treatment contained 19 components. Conclusion: The study thus provides information regarding the place of collection of the particular plant. Glycophytic conditions prove to be the best choice in terms of bioactive components and fatty acid contents. The investigations reveal that the plant contains several bioactive components and antioxidants, which prove it as a promising plant for developing potential drugs.

Determination of Antioxidant Activities and Bioactive Components of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Samonsabar)

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare

World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 80% of the population of developing countries use traditional medicines, mostly natural plant products, for their primary health care needs. In the past few decades, the medicinal value of plants has been assumed more important dimension owing largely to the discovery that extracts from plants contain not only primary metabolites but also a diverse array of secondary metabolites with antioxidant potential. Medicinal plants are potential sources of natural compounds with biological activities and therefore attract the attention of researchers worldwide. Antioxidants are vital substances which possess ability to protect the body from damage due to free radical-induced oxidative stress. The purpose of current study was to determine the antioxidant activities and bioactive components of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) (Samonsabar) seeds by using UV Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Aqueous extract of fennel seeds showed more antioxidant activity (IC50: 0.28 ug/ml) than ethanolic extract (IC50: 0.83 ug/ml) and comparable to standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid (IC50: 0.59 ug/ml). GC-MS analysis was fruitful in identification of compounds based on peak area, retention time, molecular formula, molecular weight, MS Fragmentions and pharmacological actions. Ten bioactive phytochemical compounds from aqueous extracts and 11 from ethanolic extract of fennel seeds were identified. These findings indicated that fennel seeds are potential to provide preventive properties against oxidative damage. These results will give scientific information for quality control of indigenous drug to herbal medicine users and local practitioners using fennel for different types of ailments

scholarly journals Effect of Different Substrate Mixtures on Volatile Aroma Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Maitake Mushroom

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1046
Author(s):  
Mehmet Zahit Aydın ◽  
Özge Süfer ◽  
Gökhan Baktemur ◽  
Flavien Shimira ◽  
Hatıra Taşkın
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Maitake Mushroom ◽  
Volatile Aroma ◽  
Substrate Mixtures ◽  
Poplar Sawdust

In the present study, it was aimed to determine the volatile aroma composition and antioxidant activity of Maitake mushroom grown in different substrate mixtures comparatively. Five different substrate mixtures except control were prepared. Total polyphenols and antioxidant activities were specified by Folin-Ciocalteu, FRAP and DPPH methods. Furthermore, analyzes were carried out in both dried and frozen samples. Head Space Solid Phase Micro Extraction technique combined with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used in the analysis of volatile compounds. In the present study, yield was obtained only from S4 (oak sawdust + wheat stalk + bran at 1:1:1 ratios) and S5 (poplar sawdust + wheat stalk + bran at 1:1:1 ratios) growing mixtures. Therefore, the studies have been continued by comparing only these two mixtures. While the yield in S4 mixture was 55.02 g 1 kg bag-1, it was determined as 124.82 g 1 kg bag-1 in S5 mixture. DPPH analysis results of frozen and dried samples were 7.99±0.08 and 8.19±0.05 µmol TE g-1 DM (S4) and 8.07±0.09 and 8.20±0.06 µmol TE g DM-1 (S5) respectively. In volatile aroma profile analysis, 22 and 32 compounds were detected in S4 and S5, respectively. Ketones were the most found compound groups and its ratio was 68.67% in S4 and 52.37% in S5. The highest percentage among ketones was obtained from 4-nonanone and 3-octanone compounds.

Phytochemical Analysis and Assessment of Biological Properties of Essential Oils Obtained from Thyme and Rosmarinus Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-424
Author(s):  
Amira Zaïri ◽  
Sahar Nouir ◽  
Mohamed A. Khalifa ◽  
Bouraoui Ouni ◽  
Houda Haddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis

Background: The plant species Thymus algeriensis (TA); Thymus capitatus (TC) and Rosmarinus officinalis (RO), are widely used in traditional medicine in Tunisia. The bioactivities of their essential oils have been also reported previously. The main objective of this work was to assess the phytochemical composition, the antioxidant activity, cytotoxic potential and the antibacterial, antifungal, of the essential oil (EO) of these plants. Methods: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify and quantify the constituents of the tested EO, chemical tests and spectrophotometric methods were used for antioxidant activities and for the screening, the quantification of phytochemicals. The cytotoxic potential of the EO was checked using HCT 116 cultures. Extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial potential by the microdilution method. Antifungal activities were tested using the Poisoned food method against: Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. Results: The EO of tested plants presented several components, mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Results revealed that T. capitatus EO is not toxic comparing to the other tested samples. Phenolic compounds were detected and this EO showed excellent antioxidant activity presenting dose dependent relationship. Regarding antimicrobial activity, T. capitatus EO, also had the highest inhibition against all tested bacteria and fungi. Conclusions: This study showed the importance of the bioactivities (antioxidant, antimicrobial, and safety potential) of EOs of the plant species TC, RO, and TA used in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of a Bacterial Endophyte, Methylobacterium radiotolerans MAMP 4754, Isolated from Combretum erythrophyllum Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mampolelo M. Photolo ◽  
Vuyo Mavumengwana ◽  
Lungile Sitole ◽  
Matsobane G. Tlou
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity

This study reports on the isolation and identification of Methylobacterium radiotolerans MAMP 4754 from the seeds of the medicinal plant, Combretum erythrophyllum, for the purposes of investigating antimicrobial and antioxidant activities from this endophyte. The strain identity was confirmed by 16S rRNA-based phylogeny and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Ethyl acetate and chloroform (1 : 1 v/v) extracts from the endophyte were tested for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity on a total of 7 bacterial species (3 Gram-positive and 4 Gram-negative) using the standard Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) protocol and Quantitative Radical Scavenging activity using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, respectively. The MICs were recorded at 250 μg/mL for B. subtilis ATCC 19659, B. cereus ATCC 1076, E. coli ATCC1053, and 62.5 μg/mL for K. oxytoca ATCC 13182 and M. smegmatis ATCC 21293, while an IC50 of 5.65 μg/mL was recorded with the DPPH assay. Qualitative phytochemical analysis was positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis revealed the presence of 9-octadecene, 2,4-dinitrophenyl acetate, and 2(5H)-furanone, which have been previously reported for the targeted activities. M. radiotolerans MAMP 4754 tested positive for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and this is linked to the production of plant-derived secondary metabolites by this strain.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF GARCINIA MANGOSTANA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jebalsy Lalitha ◽  
Prince Clarance P ◽  
Jerin Sales T ◽  
Mary Archana A ◽  
Agastian P
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana

  Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of different solvent extracts of Garcinia mangostana leaves.Methods: The powdered leaf was subjected to sequential extraction using hexane, ethyl acetate (EA), and methanol. The extracts were subjected to quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. The best solvent extract was subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.Results: The highest activity was recorded in EA extract which was subjected to GC-MS analysis revealing the presence of squalene (17.09%).Conclusion: From this present study, we conclude that EA is the best solvent for extracting antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds from the leaves of G. mangostana.

Composition of essential oil and antioxidant activity of Khat (Catha edulis Forsk), Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Catha Edulis

In this study, we determined the chemical composition and antioxidant activities of the essential oils from two different varieties of khat (Catha edulis Forsk) cultivated in Ethiopia. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation using the Clevenger type apparatus, identifications of compounds were made by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Seventy seven different compounds were identified from essential oils of the two different khat cultivars. The essential oils in the samples from Bahir Dar and Wendo were composed of 50 and 34 compounds, respectively. The major compound identified in khat essentials oils include: limonene, 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, 1-hydroxy,1-phenyl-2-propanone, camphor, (sulfurous acid)-2-propylundecyl ester, hexadecane, O-mentha-1(7), 8-dien-3-ol, heptadecane, 10-methylnonadecane, (phthalic acid)-isobutyl octadecyl ester, and tritetracontane. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of the oils were assessed by means of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical assay. The scavenging activities of the oils were 23.5-23.6 μg AAE/kg of fresh khat sample.

scholarly journals Histochemical and Phytochemical Analysis of Lamium album subsp. album L. Corolla: Essential Oil, Triterpenes, and Iridoids

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4166
Author(s):  
Agata Konarska ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Anna Matysik-Woźniak ◽  
Aneta Sulborska ◽  
Beata Polak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Trichome Types ◽  
First Time

The aim of this study was to conduct a histochemical analysis to localize lipids, terpenes, essential oil, and iridoids in the trichomes of the L. album subsp. album corolla. Morphometric examinations of individual trichome types were performed. Light and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to show the micromorphology and localization of lipophilic compounds and iridoids in secretory trichomes with the use of histochemical tests. Additionally, the content of essential oil and its components were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Qualitative analyses of triterpenes carried out using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) coupled with densitometric detection, and the iridoid content expressed as aucubin was examined with spectrophotometric techniques. We showed the presence of iridoids and different lipophilic compounds in papillae and glandular and non-glandular trichomes. On average, the flowers of L. album subsp. album yielded 0.04 mL/kg of essential oil, which was dominated by aldehydes, sesquiterpenes, and alkanes. The extract of the L. album subsp. album corolla contained 1.5 × 10−3 ± 4.3 × 10−4 mg/mL of iridoid aucubin and three triterpenes: oleanolic acid, β-amyrin, and β-amyrin acetate. Aucubin and β-amyrin acetate were detected for the first time. We suggest the use of L. album subsp. album flowers as supplements in human nutrition.

scholarly journals Biotransformation of Polyphenols in Apple Pomace Fermented by β-Glucosidase-Producing Lactobacillus rhamnosus L08

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Lihua Liu ◽  
Chenyi Zhang ◽  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Guoqiang Qu ◽  
Chun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
High Cell ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Phenolic Profiles

Apple pomace, the main by-product in apple processing, is a cheap source of bioactive compounds that could be used in the food industry. However, the value of this by-product is still far from being fully realized. In this study, 11 strains of Lactobacillus strains were assayed for β-glucosidase activity, and only Lactobacillus rhamnosus L08 (L. rhamnosus L08) showed high cell-membrane associated β-glucosidase activity. We then evaluated the effects of fermentation of apple pomace using the selected strain, focusing on the biotransformation of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity. We found that L. rhamnosus L08 fermentation significantly reduced the contents of quercitrin and phlorizin in apple pomace, while increasing the contents of quercetin and phloretin. The contents of gallic acid, epicatechin acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid were also increased in apple pomace after fermentation. In addition, the antioxidant activities of apple pomace were enhanced during fermentation, based on the bioconversion of phenolic profiles. Our results demonstrate that lactic acid bacteria fermentation is a promising approach to enhance the bioactivity of phenolic compounds in apple pomace. Moreover, this study demonstrates that, as a valuable processing by-product with bioactive components, apple pomace can be used in the food industry to provide economic benefits.

scholarly journals Microalgae as Sustainable Bio-Factories of Healthy Lipids: Evaluating Fatty Acid Content and Antioxidant Activity

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Tiago A. Conde ◽  
Bruna F. Neves ◽  
Daniela Couto ◽  
Tânia Melo ◽  
Bruno Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oceanica ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Food Ingredients

The demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly food sources and food ingredients is increasing, and microalgae are promoted as a sustainable source of essential and bioactive lipids, with high levels of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA), comparable to those of fish. However, most FA screening studies on algae are scattered or use different methodologies, preventing a true comparison of its content between microalgae. In this work, we used gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) to characterize the FA profile of seven different commercial microalgae with biotechnological applications (Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorococcum amblystomatis, Scenedesmus obliquus, Tetraselmis chui, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Spirulina sp., and Nannochloropsis oceanica). Screening for antioxidant activity was also performed to understand the relationship between FA profile and bioactivity. Microalgae exhibited specific FA profiles with a different composition, namely in the ω-3 FA profile, but with species of the same phylum showing similar tendencies. The different lipid extracts showed similar antioxidant activities, but with a low activity of the extracts of Nannochloropsis oceanica. Overall, this study provides a direct comparison of FA profiles between microalgae species, supporting the role of these species as alternative, sustainable, and healthy sources of essential lipids.

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