scholarly journals Infrared Thermometer using Arduino

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 554-558
Author(s):  
Prof. Dharmesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Standard Measuring ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Temperature Output

In gift things, social distancing is that the most vital reality. Moreover, the very fact is COVID-19 patient's initial symptom is vital sign is high. the explanation why, measure body temperature is most vital, however has to maintain social distancing. Whereas ancient thermometers can’t confirm of social distancing, wherever our developed contactless measuring system are able to do temperature on show by victimisation Arduino uno because the main management device also as MLX90615 because the infrared (IR) measuring system device. As a result, compared with the standard measuring system, it shows robust points like convenient reading, wide selection of temperature activity, and accuracy wherever temperature output is displayed digitally. Besides, it might be used all over attributable to its easy-handling

scholarly journals Implementing a real-time, AI-based, people detection and social distancing measuring system for Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Saponara ◽  
Abdussalam Elhanashi ◽  
Alessio Gagliardi
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Surveillance Video ◽  
People Detection ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Thermal Cameras

AbstractCOVID-19 is a disease caused by a severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus. It was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It has resulted in an ongoing pandemic that caused infected cases including many deaths. Coronavirus is primarily spread between people during close contact. Motivating to this notion, this research proposes an artificial intelligence system for social distancing classification of persons using thermal images. By exploiting YOLOv2 (you look at once) approach, a novel deep learning detection technique is developed for detecting and tracking people in indoor and outdoor scenarios. An algorithm is also implemented for measuring and classifying the distance between persons and to automatically check if social distancing rules are respected or not. Hence, this work aims at minimizing the spread of the COVID-19 virus by evaluating if and how persons comply with social distancing rules. The proposed approach is applied to images acquired through thermal cameras, to establish a complete AI system for people tracking, social distancing classification, and body temperature monitoring. The training phase is done with two datasets captured from different thermal cameras. Ground Truth Labeler app is used for labeling the persons in the images. The proposed technique has been deployed in a low-cost embedded system (Jetson Nano) which is composed of a fixed camera. The proposed approach is implemented in a distributed surveillance video system to visualize people from several cameras in one centralized monitoring system. The achieved results show that the proposed method is suitable to set up a surveillance system in smart cities for people detection, social distancing classification, and body temperature analysis.

Alternate Trajectory Determination Using Multimode Automated Robotic Vehicle with Line Following and Object Following Mode

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Varun Kumar ◽  
Lakshya Gaur ◽  
Arvind Rehalia
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
Robotic Assembly ◽  
Voltage Regulator ◽  
Automated Vehicle ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
Robotic Vehicle ◽  
Line Following ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Trajectory Determination

In this paper the authors have explained the development of robotic vehicle prepared by them, which operates autonomously and is not controlled by the users, except for selection of modes. The different modes of the automated vehicle are line following, object following and object avoidance with alternate trajectory determination. The complete robotic assembly is mounted on a chassis comprising of Arduino Uno, Servo motors, HC-SRO4 (Ultrasonic sensor), DC motors (Geared), L293D Motor Driver, IR proximity sensors, Voltage Regulator along with castor wheel and two normal wheels.

Manufacturing and Characterization of Nanostructures Using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy with Diamond Tip

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 14-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg G. Lysenko ◽  
Vladimir I. Grushko ◽  
Sergey N. Dub ◽  
Eugene I. Mitskevich ◽  
Nikolay V. Novikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Electromagnetic Probe ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Selection Of

Nanoscale experiments with diamond tip that include processing, visualization and tunneling spectroscopy of the surface are presented. Single crystal diamond synthesized by the temperature gradient method under high pressure–high temperature (HPHT) conditions is proposed as a multifunctional tip for scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Sequence of the procedures covering growing crystals with predetermined physical properties, selection of the synthesized crystals with the desired habit and their precise shaping have been developed. The original STM’s peculiarity is the electromagnetic probe-to-surface load measuring system. The results of fabrication and characterization of nanostructures for nanoelectronics, data storages and biology are demonstrated and discussed.

Thermal Relations of Testudo hermanni robertmertensi WERMUTH in S. France

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Stubbs ◽  
Adrian Hailey ◽  
Elizabeth Pulford
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Thermal Relations

AbstractThe mean body temperature of T. hermanni in woodland in France was 28.5 °C (August 1981). Body temperatures were elevated above air temperature and indirect evidence for basking and selection of an optimal microenvironment is discussed.

scholarly journals Do small precocial birds enter torpor to conserve energy during development?

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (21) ◽  
pp. jeb231761
Author(s):  
Yaara Aharon-Rotman ◽  
Gerhard Körtner ◽  
Chris B. Wacker ◽  
Fritz Geiser
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Energy Conserving ◽  
Altricial Birds ◽  
Precocial Birds

ABSTRACTPrecocial birds hatch feathered and mobile, but when they become fully endothermic soon after hatching, their heat loss is high and they may become energy depleted. These chicks could benefit from using energy-conserving torpor, which is characterised by controlled reductions of metabolism and body temperature (Tb). We investigated at what age the precocial king quail Coturnix chinensis can defend a high Tb under a mild thermal challenge and whether they can express torpor soon after achieving endothermy to overcome energetic and thermal challenges. Measurements of surface temperature (Ts) using an infrared thermometer showed that king quail chicks are partially endothermic at 2–10 days, but can defend high Tb at a body mass of ∼13 g. Two chicks expressed shallow nocturnal torpor at 14 and 17 days for 4–5 h with a reduction of metabolism by >40% and another approached the torpor threshold. Although chicks were able to rewarm endogenously from the first torpor bout, metabolism and Ts decreased again by the end of the night, but they rewarmed passively when removed from the chamber. The total metabolic rate increased with body mass. All chicks measured showed a greater reduction of nocturnal metabolism than previously reported in quails. Our data show that shallow torpor can be expressed during the early postnatal phase of quails, when thermoregulatory efficiency is still developing, but heat loss is high. We suggest that torpor may be a common strategy for overcoming challenging conditions during development in small precocial and not only altricial birds.

scholarly journals PSVII-3 Body temperature and movement patterns of Raramuri Criollo versus Angus-crossbred cows grazing Chihuahuan Desert rangeland in summer

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 297-297
Author(s):  
Andres Cibils ◽  
Rick Estell ◽  
Alfredo Gonzalez ◽  
Sheri Spiegal ◽  
Martha Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Gps Collars ◽  
Habitat Analysis ◽  
Body Heat ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Body temperature and movement patterns of Angus Hereford crossbred (AH) vs. Raramuri Criollo (RC) nursing cows were monitored in summer 2016 and 2017. AH and RC cows grazed separately in two adjacent Chihuahuan Desert pastures (1190ha, 1165ha) in a crossover design for 4 weeks each year. Body temperature (BodyT) was monitored at 10 min intervals by placing blank CIDRs containing a temperature logger in 10 cows per breed. Seven to 9 AH and RC cows were also fitted with GPS collars that recorded position and ambient temperature (CollarT) at 10 min intervals. A landscape thermal map (LandT) was developed for habitat analysis. Data were analyzed within four daytime segments: dawn (sunrise to 9AM); pre-noon (9AM to noon); post-noon (noon to 3PM); and dusk (3PM to sunset). ANOVA was used to determine whether BodyT, animal movement, CollarT, and mean LandT position within each day segment were different for AH vs. RC cows. Breed nested within Year*Pasture was treated as the experimental unit. BodyT increased as a day progressed and was higher (P < 0.05) in AH vs. RC during post-noon (38.83 vs. 38.42oC) and dusk (39.22 vs. 38.70oC). Compared to AH counterparts, RC cows traveled farther (4.7 vs. 2.7 km*daytime h-1, P < 0.05), at higher velocities (5.9 vs. 3.5 m*min-1, P < 0.05) and spent more time grazing (5.6 vs. 4.3 daytime h; P < 0.05) and traveling (0.7 vs. 0.3 daytime h; P < 0.05) during all four daytime segments. Largest breed differences were observed during the hottest segments of the day (post-noon and dusk). Increasing CollarT throughout a day was associated with selection of cooler landscape locations (LandT) in both breeds. Apparent lower body heat load in RC cows may reduce constraints on their movement patterns compared to AH cows grazing Chihuahuan Desert rangeland in summer.

scholarly journals Preserving equipoise and performing randomised trials for COVID-19 social distancing interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Alina Cristea ◽  
Florian Naudet ◽  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Design Choice ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a large number of non-pharmaceutical measures that pertain to the wider group of social distancing interventions (e.g. public gathering bans, closures of schools, workplaces and all but essential business, mandatory stay-at-home policies, travel restrictions, border closures and others) have been deployed. Their urgent deployment was defended with modelling and observational data of spurious credibility. There is major debate on whether these measures are effective and there is also uncertainty about the magnitude of the harms that these measures might induce. Given that there is equipoise for how, when and if specific social distancing interventions for COVID-19 should be applied and removed/modified during reopening, we argue that informative randomised-controlled trials are needed. Only a few such randomised trials have already been conducted, but the ones done to-date demonstrate that a randomised trials agenda is feasible. We discuss here issues of study design choice, selection of comparators (intervention and controls), choice of outcomes and additional considerations for the conduct of such trials. We also discuss and refute common counter-arguments against the conduct of such trials.

scholarly journals Vital-SCOPE: Design and Evaluation of a Smart Vital Sign Monitor for Simultaneous Measurement of Pulse Rate, Respiratory Rate, and Body Temperature for Patient Monitoring

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghao Sun ◽  
Takemi Matsui ◽  
Yasuyuki Watai ◽  
Seokjin Kim ◽  
Tetsuo Kirimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
The Mean

Consistent vital sign monitoring is critically important for early detection of clinical deterioration of patients in hospital settings. Mostly, nurses routinely measure and document the primary vital signs of all patients 2‐3 times daily to assess their condition. To reduce nurse workload and thereby improve quality of patient care, a smart vital sign monitor named “Vital‐SCOPE” for simultaneous measurement of vital signs was developed. Vital-SCOPE consists of multiple sensors, including a reflective photo sensor, thermopile, and medical radar, to be used in simultaneous pulse rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature monitoring within 10 s. It was tested in laboratory and hospital settings. Bland-Altman and Pearson’s correlation analyses were used to compare the Vital-SCOPE results to those of reference measurements. The mean difference of the respiratory rate between respiratory effort belt and Vital-SCOPE was 0.47 breaths per minute with the 95% limit of agreement ranging from −7.4 to 6.5 breaths per minute. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.63 (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean difference of the pulse rate between electrocardiogram and Vital-SCOPE was 3.4 beats per minute with the 95% limit of agreement ranging from −13 to 5.8 beats per minute; the Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.91 (P<0.01), indicating strong linear relationship.

About the Accuracy of Positioning of a Linear Robot Equipped with a High Resolution Optical System

2014 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 844-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasile Nasui ◽  
Mihai Banica
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Dynamic Programming ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
New Products ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Velocity Variation ◽  
Target Point ◽  
Linear Actuators ◽  
Selection Of

Robots have rapidly become key elements to improve general performances of the existent products, to add up new supplementary characteristics or even in view of creating new products that were impossible to create prior to this research. This paper presents a measuring system with optical device in view of determining velocity variation on the investigated axe of the maximum velocity and acceleration or of their variation in dynamic circumstance. The advanced research of precision parameters is a technical necessity, which leads to the selection of linear actuators according to the conditions of usage. Has been made a measurements stand in order to determine these parameters, a stand equipped with laser ruler with a system of numeric acquisition of experimental data. By analyzing the measuring values presented in this paper it can be concluded that when the positioning precision in the target - point of an acting linear robot or when the trajectory precision is absolutely required, the obtained results must be taken into account. We can operate these appropriate corrections in the system of dynamic programming of the robot.

scholarly journals A Non-Contact Integrated Body-Ambient Temperature Sensors Platform to Contrast COVID-19

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Sandra Costanzo ◽  
Alexandra Flores
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Experimental Validations ◽  
Capacitive Humidity Sensor

An integrated sensors platform for non-contact temperature monitoring is proposed in this work. The adopted solution, based on the combined integration of an infrared thermometer and a capacitive humidity sensor, is able to provide a fast and accurate tool for remotely sensing both ambient and body temperature in the framework of pandemic situations, such as COVID-19, thus avoiding any direct contact with people. The information relative to the ambient temperature is successfully exploited to derive a correction formula for the accurate extraction of body temperature from the measurement provided by the standard infrared sensor. Full details on the design of the proposed platform are provided in the work, by reporting relevant simulation results on the variations of ambient temperature, relative humidity, and body temperature. Experimental validations are also discussed to provide a full assessment of the proposed approach.

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