scholarly journals Hubungan persepsi risiko dan tawakal dengan perilaku protektif covid-19 di pesantren dan asrama

Cognicia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zaki Afif Zainurrahman ◽  
Neng Wita Juwita Agustin ◽  
Amarria Ma’rufi

Islamic boarding schools and dormitories are one of the clusters with a high spread of COVID-19. The high intensityof clustering activities in these clusters can increase the potential for the spread of COVID-19. This study aims todetermine the differences in the level of risk perception, protective behavior, and tawakal (surrender to God) betweenindividuals living in Islamic boarding schools/dormitories and the general public. This present study is a mixed-methodresearch with scales and an open-ended question. All participants (N = 91) were Muslim with an age range of 18-24years. The data were analyzed using t-test and correlation tests for the quantitative data, and thematic analysis forthe qualitative data. The level of risk perception among participants living in Islamic boarding schools/dormitories islower than that of participants who do not live in these two places. The protective behavior between the two groups ofparticipants did not have a significant difference. We found a positive correlation between protective behavior andtawakal attitudes among participants living in Islamic boarding schools/dormitories. This study provides a deeperunderstanding on the dynamics of attitudes and behavior in Islamic boarding schools and dormitories during theCOVID-19 pandemic. Protective behavior among muslims is not only related to risk perceptions of a pandemic, butalso to tawakal as a religious manifestation in dealing with calamities.

Author(s):  
Nadiya Kostyuk ◽  
Carly Wayne

Abstract Cybersecurity represents a unique national security challenge for states: data breaches with the potential for national, macro-level consequences are most likely to occur at the micro-level, originating through the security errors of individual computer users. Thus, aspects of national cybersecurity can often critically depend on the personal attitudes and behavior of average citizens connecting online. However, to date, theories of state cybersecurity have almost exclusively focused on the macro-level, and very little is known about how the mass public reacts to—and protects themselves from—cybersecurity threats. This study addresses this gap, drawing on psychological theories of risk perception to explain why the public simultaneously reports great concern about cybersecurity, yet does little to protect their personal safety online. Using a novel survey experiment, we examine how exposure to different types of data breaches impacts citizens’ cyber risk assessments, personal online behavior, and support for various national cybersecurity policies. We find that baseline concerns about cybersecurity and knowledge about safe online practices are very low. However, exposure to a personally relevant data breach heightens risk perception and increases willingness to engage in safer online practices. But these effects are circumscribed—actual online behavior is more resistant to change. These results have important implications for the design of effective state cybersecurity policy.


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esam S. Halboub ◽  
Sadeq A. Al-Maweri ◽  
Aisha A. Al-Jamaei ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-wesabi ◽  
Anas Shamala ◽  
...  

<p><strong>Objectives</strong><strong>:</strong> To assess self-reported oral health attitudes and behavior among undergraduate dental and medical students, and to analyze the variations in oral health attitudes based on gender, level of education, study discipline, academic average, and type of university.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong><strong>:</strong> A self-administered questionnaire based on the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) was distributed to 1269 undergraduate dental and medical students at two universities (one public and one private) in Sana’a, Yemen.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Overall, the mean questionnaire score for the total sample was markedly low (4.91±1.58), with no significant difference between dental and medical students (P&gt;0.05). Females had better oral health attitudes and behavior, especially towards visiting the dentist, tooth-brushing habits and oral hygiene practices (P&lt;0.05). Students attending the public university had better oral health attitudes and behaviors than those attending the private university (P=0.049). On the other hand, no significant associations were observed between students’ oral health attitudes/behavior and level of education and academic performance (P&gt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Yemeni dental and medical students have shown markedly poor oral health attitude and behavior. Further studies are required to reveal possible shortcoming in these schools’ education process. Dental and medical curricula should emphasize the importance of proper oral hygiene, and further participation of medical and dental students in oral hygiene seminars is highly encouraged.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-799
Author(s):  
Umair Majid ◽  
Aghna Wasim ◽  
Simran Bakshi ◽  
Judy Truong

The severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus-2 pandemic has spread rapidly and has a growing impact on individuals, communities, and healthcare systems worldwide. At the core of any pandemic response is the ability of authorities and other stakeholders to react appropriately by promoting hygiene and social distancing behaviors. Successfully reaching this goal requires both individual and collective efforts to drastically modify daily routines and activities. There is a need to clarify how knowledge and awareness of disease influence risk perception, and subsequent behavior in the context of pandemics and global outbreaks. We conducted a scoping review of 149 studies spanning different regions and populations to examine the relationships between knowledge, risk perceptions, and behavior change. We analyzed studies on five major pandemics or outbreaks in the twenty-first century: severe acute respiratory syndrome, influenza A/H1N1, Middle East respiratory syndrome, Ebola virus disease, and coronavirus disease 2019.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Savadori ◽  
Marco Lauriola

Risk perception is important in determining health-protective behavior. During the rise of the COVID-19 epidemic, we tested a comprehensive structural equation model of risk perception to explain adherence to protective behaviors in a crisis context using a survey of 572 Italian citizens. We identified two categories of protective behaviors, labeled promoting hygiene and cleaning, and avoiding social closeness. Social norms and risk perceptions were the more proximal antecedents of both categories. Cultural worldviews, affect, and experience of COVID-19 were the more distal predictors. Promoting hygiene and cleaning was triggered by the negative affective attitude toward coronavirus and mediated by an affective appraisal of risk. The deliberate dimension of risk perception (perceived likelihood) predicted only avoiding social closeness. Social norms predicted both types of behaviors and mediated the relations of cultural worldviews. Individualism (vs. communitarianism), more than hierarchy (vs. egalitarianism), shaped the affective evaluation of coronavirus. The model was an acceptable fit to the data and accounted for 20% and 29% of the variance in promoting hygiene and cleaning, and avoiding social closeness, respectively. The findings were robust to the effect of sociodemographic factors (age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, and zone of the country). Taken together, our findings confirmed the empirical distinction between affective and deliberate processes in risk perception, supported the validity of the affect heuristic, and highlighted the role of social norms as an account for why individualistic people were less likely to follow the prescribed health-protective behaviors. Implications for risk communication are discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Aldo Redho Syam ◽  
Nurul Ulfatin ◽  
Maisyaroh Maisyaroh

The purpose of this study was to describe the Strategic Forming of Santri Leadership Character in Islamic Boarding Schools. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collected by interview and observation methods. The location of the study was Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor. As for the results of his research are as follows: (1) In shaping the character of leadership of students, Islamic boarding schools have a purpose that is directed, as for the objectives are: a) students are able to form leadership characters in themselves; b) students are able to be confident in their abilities and potential; c) students are able to have a directed mindset in choosing their life goals; and d) students are able to build dynamic attitudes and behavior; (2) Care of students as an extension of the leadership of Islamic boarding schools and leaders in student activities for 24 hours, has been able to design strategies in shaping the character of student leadership with the following steps, direction; training; assignment; refraction; and escort; and (3) In addition to making steps in shaping the character of santri leadership, the nurturing of santri has also set benchmarks of success in the process of shaping the character of santri leadership, namely: testing with problems; test to make a choice; test to be ready to sacrifice; test to be firm in attitude; and test to evaluate yourself.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan strategi pembentukan karakter kepemimpinan santri di pondok pesantren. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan  metode wawancara, dan observasi. Lokasi penelitian adalah Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor. Adapun hasil penelitiannya adalah: (1) Dalam membentuk karakter kepemimpinan santri, Pondok Pesantren telah memiliki tujuan yang terarah, adapun tujuanya adalah: a) santri mampu membentuk karakter kepemimpinan dalam dirinya sendiri; b) santri mampu percaya diri terhadap kemampuan dan potensi dirinya; c) santri mampu memiliki pola pikir terarah dalam memilih tujuan hidup mereka; dan d) santri mampu membangun sikap dan tingkah laku yang dinamis; (2) Pengasuhan santri sebagai kepanjangan tangan dari pimpinan pondok pesantren dan pemimpin dalam aktifitas santri selama 24 jam, telah mampu merancang strategi dalam pembentukan karakter kepemimpinan santri dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut, pengarahan; pelatihan; penugasan; pembiasan; dan pengawalan; dan (3) Selain membuat langkah-langkah dalam pembentukan karakter kepemimpinan santri, pengasuhan santri juga telah menetapkan tolak ukur keberhasilan dalam proses pembentukan karakter kepemimpinan santri, yaitu: menguji dengan permasalahan; menguji untuk memutuskan pilihan; menguji untuk siap berkorban; menguji untuk tegas dalam bersikap; dan menguji untuk mengevaluasi diri sendiri.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-328
Author(s):  
Nina Dwi Mardiani ◽  
Husamah Husamah ◽  
Diani Fatmawati ◽  
Fuad Jaya Miharja* ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi

Many students in Indonesia are not responsive about the environmental problems around them. This study aimed to (1) analyze environmental literacy differences between male and female students, (2) analyze environmental literacy differences based on gender and parental occupations, and (3) analyze the influence of the interaction between gender and the parents’ occupations. This study used a quantitative approach. This study consisted of 70 students in 11th grade as a subjects. The subjects were determined randomly in three majors, i.e. multimedia, nursing, and pharmacy. Students' environmental literacy was measured using the MSELS instrument developed by McBeth, 2011. The results study showed that no significant difference in knowledge and cognitive skills between male and female students, but there were significant differences in attitudes and behavior. Moreover, there was no significant difference in knowledge, attitudes, and cognitive skills between students whose parents work. However, there were significant differences in behavior between students whose parents' jobs were different. There is a significant relationship between male students in the aspects of knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and cognitive skills, but not significantly related to female students' behavior. There was no significant interaction between male and female students and their parents' different environmental literacy occupations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 161-190
Author(s):  
Sufyan Syafi'i

This paper aims to describe the role of social capital in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in the form of scientific links (Sanad). Sanad is not only important in a teaching process in a pesantren, but also in the teachings of Islam. The existence of clear scientific rigors in pesantren is so noted hereditary by the scholars (ulama) since the time of the Prophet Muhammad. Not only as a form of prudence of the authority of knowledge that will be obtained, but also will affect the shape of the character they will live. Scientific Sanad is a form of scientific transformation. In a sense, the knowledge learned must have a positive impact on knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. The stronger sanad that has been built, will form a steady personality as the main goal in the process of scientific interaction of a santri (student). Because the santri will behave as the sanad he received. Sanad authenticity is the pesantren's social capital that will direct a santri to enter a network path. The path he received will lead him to the qualities that have been exemplified by the source of the sanad he received. This process also indirectly becomes a fortress so that all forms of negative things are not done. including among them radicalism. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran modal sosial dalam lembaga pesantren yang berupa mata rantai keilmuan (Sanad). Sanad tidak hanya penting dalam sebuah proses pengajaran di pesantren, tetapi juga dalam ajaran Islam. Adanya tali-temali keilmuan yang jelas dalam pesantren begitu diperhatikan turun temurun oleh para ulama sejak zaman Nabi Muhammad saw. Tidak saja sebagai bentuk kehati-hatian otoritas ilmu yang akan didapat, tetapi juga akan berpengaruh pada bentuk karakter yang akan mereka jalani. Sanad keilmuan merupakan wujud dalam transformasi keilmuan. Dalam artian, ilmu yang dipelajari harus berdampak positif terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku. Semakin kuat sanad yang telah terbangun, akan membentuk kepribadian yang ajeg sebagai tujuan utama dalam proses interaksi ilmiah seorang santri. Sebab santri akan berlaku sebagaimana sanad yang ia terima. Autentisitas sanad inilah modal sosial pesantren yang akan mengarahkan seorang santri untuk masuk dalam suatu jalur jejaring. Jalur yang ia terima tersebut akan mengatarkannya pada sifat-sifat yang telah diteladankan oleh sumber sanad yang ia terima. Proses ini pula yang secara tidak langsung menjadi benteng agar segala bentuk hal-hal negatif tidak dilakukan. Termasuk diantaranya adalah radikalisme. توليسان إيني بيرتوجووان أونتوك مينديسكريڤسيكان ڤيران مودال سوسييال دالام ليمباڬا ڤيسانترين يانڬ بيروڤا ماتا رانتإي كيإيلمووان (سناد). سناد تيداك هاۑا ڤينتيڠ دالام سيبوواه ڤروسيس ڤيڠاجاران دي ڤيسنترين, تيتاڤي جوڬا دالام أجاران إسلام. أداۑا تالي-منالي كيإيلمووان ياڠ جيلاس دالام ڤيسنترين بيڬيتو ديڤيرهاتيكان تورون-تيمورون أوليه ڤارا أولاما سيجاك زامان نبي محمّد س.أ.و. تيداك ساجا سيبڬإي بينتوك كيهاتي-هاتييان أوتوريتاس إيلمو ياڠ أكان ديداڤات, تيتاڤي جوڬا أكان بيرڤيڠاروه ڤادا بينتوك كاراكتير ياڠ أكان ميريكا جالاني. سناد كيإيلمووان ميروڤاكان ووجود دالام ترانسفورماسي كيإيلمووان. دالام أرتييان, إيلمو ياڠ ديڤيلاجاري هاروس بيردامڤاك ڤوسيتيف تيرهاداڤ ڤيڠيتاهووان, سيكاڤ, دان ڤريلاكو. سيماكين كووات سناد ياڠ تيلاه تيرباڠون, أكان ميمبينتوك كيڤريبادييان ياڠ أجيڬ سيباڬإي توجووان أوتاما دالام ڤروسيس إينتيراكسي إيلميياه سيأوراڠ سنتري. سيباب سنتري أكان بيرلاكو سيباڬإيمانا سناد ياڠ إيا تيريما. أأوتينتيسيتاس سناد إينيلاه مودال سوسييال ڤيسنترين ياڠ أكان ميڠاراهكان سيأوراڠ سنتري أونتوك ماسوك دالام سوواتو جالور جيجاريڠ. جالور ياڠ إيا تيريما تيرسيبوت أكان ميڠانتاركانۑا ڤادا صفات-صفات ياڠ تيلاه ديتيلادانكان أوليه سومبير سناد ياڠ إيا تيريما. ڤروسيس إيني ڤولا ياڠ سيچارا تيداك لڠسوڠ مينجادي بينتيڠ أڬار سيڬالا بينتوك حال-حال نيڬاتيف تيداك ديلاكوكان. تيرماسوك ديأنتااۑا أدالاه راديكاليسمي.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ermi Girsang ◽  
Sri Lestari Ramadhani Nasution ◽  
Annisya Ul Fatmah ◽  
Melyala Cristy

Abstract Introduction: WHO officially published the Nine Life Saving Patient Safety, which one is correct communication during handover using the SBAR method. SBAR is considered a clear sign and secure method of communication for problem solving among various disciplines in the medical environment and a simple way of sharing patient information with other medical professionals. Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with control group design, the results of the research were processed using paired sample t-test. The data collection of this research uses a checklist of observation sheets to assess the ability of nurses to communicate SBAR, attitudes and behavior of nurses using a questionnaire. Result and discussion: this study showed a significant difference in the attitudes and behavior of nurses in improving patient safety after being given SBAR communication materials with p-value < 0.05. Conclusion: This study showed significant differences in the attitudes and behavior of nurses after being given SBAR communication training in the intervention group. Meanwhile, the control group showed a non-significant difference This showed that SBAR communication materials affect the attitudes and behavior of nurses in improving patient safety.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1208
Author(s):  
Inhwa Kim ◽  
Hye Jung Jung ◽  
Yuri Lee

A circular economy paradigm has recently emerged to combat environmental pollution and climate change around the world. In the fashion industry, circular fashion has been spotlighted as an environmentally friendly approach to fashion products. The purpose of this study was to investigate consumers’ value and risk perceptions, product attitudes, and behavior intentions toward circular fashion consumption. Specifically, this study focuses on three types of circular fashion products from textile waste: reused clothing, upcycled clothing, and recycled clothing. The moderating role of individualism was also explored. Survey data from 850 consumers in their 20s and 30s in Korea were collected to test our hypotheses. The results showed the influence of emotional value was the greatest, while economic risk and performance risk did not affect product attitudes. A moderating effect of individualism was found in the paths between perception dimension and product attitudes and between product attitudes and behavior intention. These findings can help retailers and marketers create more tailored retailing and promotional strategies.


2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lohyd Terrier ◽  
Benedicte Marfaing

This research applies the binding communication model to the sustainable communication strategies implemented in most hotels. The binding communication model links a persuasive message with the implementation of a low-cost commitment to strengthen the link between the attitudes and behavior of those receiving the message. We compared the effectiveness of a classical communication strategy (n = 86) with that of a binding communication strategy (n = 101) to encourage guests to choose sustainable behavior. Our results show that using the binding communication strategy generates significantly more sustainable behavior in guests than using the classical communication strategy. We discuss our results and suggest future avenues of research.


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