scholarly journals Intra-Sentential and Intra-Lexical Code Mixing in Nessie Judge’s YouTube Video Entitled “Lagu Populer + Pesan Iblis Tersembunyi”

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
I Made Drati Nalantha ◽  
Ni Komang Arie Suwastini ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Agung Dian Susanthi ◽  
Putu Wiraningsih ◽  
Ni Nyoman Artini
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Video Code ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

As a linguistic phenomenon, code mixing is common to be identified in language users. Furthermore, YouTube as one of the online platforms has become an environment rich with the use of code mixing. Considering that YouTube might influence the language use in its audience, the following study aimed to identify the use of code-mixing presented by Indonesian content creator named Nessie Judge. Following the qualitative analysis research from Miles, Huberman, & Saldana (2014), the recent study identified the types of code mixing as presented by Hoffman namely, Intra-sentential code-mixing and Intra-lexical code-mixing. The present study identified the use of code mixing type intra-sentential and -lexical uttered by the speaker. From 114 utterances made by Nessie Judge in her video, code-mixing was identified in 86 utterances, where 53 utterances belong to intra-sentential code mixing and 13 utterances belonged to intra-lexical code mixing. The analysis revealed that the use of code mixing might be rooted in the speakers’ inability to find the equivalent words while discussing the video content.  By looking at the number of the data percentage, intra-sentential code-mixing had more data than intra-lexical code-mixing meaning that the use of intra-sentential code-mixing was more common rather than intra-lexical code-mixing. It can be concluded because the speaker in the video inserts English words at the end of sentences or in the middle of sentences most of the time. The speaker on the video was clearly seen mixed Indonesian words with English words without changing the structure or context of the sentences.

scholarly journals Transfer Phenomena in Bilingual Language Acquisition: The Case of Caused-Motion Constructions

Languages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Nikolas Koch ◽  
Katharina Günther
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Motion Constructions ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

Usage-based approaches suggest that children gradually build abstract syntactic patterns, called constructions, through processes of abstraction and schematization from the input they receive. Bilingual children have the challenge of learning two sets of non-equivalent constructions when they build their constructicon. This can result in deviations from monolinguals, which are commonly referred to as transfer. Targeting the expression of the caused-motion construction, the present study focuses on idiosyncratic utterances, those that do not correspond to monolingual adult language use, in three different age groups (4, 6, and 8 years old) of German–French bilingual children in comparison to monolingual control groups. The quantitative analysis showed that idiosyncrasies could be found in both groups, but with significantly higher rates in bilinguals at all ages. In a qualitative analysis, idiosyncratic utterances were clustered into three different types: syntactic patterns, use of verbs, and directional phrases. Regarding the analysis of these types, the influence of French could be shown. In order to classify this linguistic phenomenon in a usage-based approach, we propose to consider transfer as a form of overgeneralization within the bilingual constructicon.

scholarly journals CAMPUR KODE BAHASA JEPANG OLEH PENUTUR BAHASA INDONESIA DI JEJARING SOSIAL FACEBOOK

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
System Level ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Outer Code ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Primary Data Source ◽  
The People ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

Indonesian people who can speak Japanese language often mix elements of Japanese language when communicating with the people of Indonesia who is also able to speak Japanese languange either directly or on social networks like facebook. This linguistic phenomenon peeled sociolinguistic theory based on the concept of code mixing. The primary data source is utterances which was updated status and comments of Indonesian people that contain code mixing on facebook. The secondary data were obtained from the online interviews with several informants who their updated status or comments of facebook were used for the primary data source.The results of the data analysis showed that the type of code mixing of the Indonesian on facebook in terms of element uptake language used is outer code mixing, while in terms of system -level linguistic device are clauses code mixing, phrases code mixing, and words code mixing. The factors that influence the event of code mixing are (1) speaker wants to practice Japanese language that they learned; (2) there are some elements of Japanese language that can not be interpreted 100% to Indonesian language; (3) speaker is one community with the patner; (4) can provoke the patner to use Japaese language; (6) to be more cool (7) the things that was communicated was related to the Japan.

scholarly journals From ranking algorithms to ‘ranking cultures’

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Rieder ◽  
Ariadna Matamoros-Fernández ◽  
Òscar Coromina
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Ranking Algorithms ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Change Metrics ◽  
Empirical Approaches ◽  
Over Time

Algorithms, as constitutive elements of online platforms, are increasingly shaping everyday sociability. Developing suitable empirical approaches to render them accountable and to study their social power has become a prominent scholarly concern. This article proposes an approach to examine what an algorithm does, not only to move closer to understanding how it works, but also to investigate broader forms of agency involved. To do this, we examine YouTube’s search results ranking over time in the context of seven sociocultural issues. Through a combination of rank visualizations, computational change metrics and qualitative analysis, we study search ranking as the distributed accomplishment of ‘ranking cultures’. First, we identify three forms of ordering over time – stable, ‘newsy’ and mixed rank morphologies. Second, we observe that rankings cannot be easily linked back to popularity metrics, which highlights the role of platform features such as channel subscriptions in processes of visibility distribution. Third, we find that the contents appearing in the top 20 results are heavily influenced by both issue and platform vernaculars. YouTube-native content, which often thrives on controversy and dissent, systematically beats out mainstream actors in terms of exposure. We close by arguing that ranking cultures are embedded in the meshes of mutually constitutive agencies that frustrate our attempts at causal explanation and are better served by strategies of ‘descriptive assemblage’.

Temporal-magnitudinal construal coding

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-151
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Deckert ◽  
Marek Molenda
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Coding Variants ◽  
Linguistic Coding ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract This article looks into the interface of temporality and quantification. Drawing on the principles of Cognitive Linguistics, we use experimental as well as corpus methods to provide evidence on how the conceptual organisation and linguistic coding of content can play a role in meaning construction. With that broad agenda in mind, a major objective is to shed light on the construct of conventionalisation. For that purpose, construal coding variants are examined with a focus on nominal phrases that express time quantities. The examination involves two construal types (termed “cumulative” and “fractional”) that differ primarily in their prominence configurations, across three granularity levels of time conceptualisation. Our main finding – that the fractional and cumulative constructions are asymmetrically conventionalised – is contextualised through a qualitative analysis of naturally-occurring data to identify additional language use patterns and offer explanatory hypotheses.

Multilingualism, multiculturalism, and multiple identities

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai-hua Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
International News ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Soft News ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Southern Min ◽  
News Headlines

This study aims to explore discursive changes in current Taiwanese society, with a particular focus on code-mixing in newspaper headlines. Data were collected from three major newspapers catering to different readerships during three time periods (i.e. 1985, 1995, and 2005). The language of Taiwanese newspaper is hybrid and heterogeneous in that local dialect (i.e. Southern Min), English, Japanese, Cantonese, and even Zhuyin (Mandarin Phonetic Symbols) are included in Mandarin news headlines. My analysis has found that over the past two decades, there has been an increase of code-mixing in all three newspapers, In addition, a cross-sectional comparison has revealed that soft news texts (e.g. entertainment news) contain more instances of code-mixing than hard news texts (e.g. political and international news). I argue that this increasing linguistic hybridization found in Taiwanese media texts is not only linked with the indigenization, globalization, marketization, and technologization in current Taiwanese society. More importantly, since language use is a kind of identity-constructing devices, this ongoing discursive change also reflects an emerging new Taiwan identity, which can be characterized by multilingualism, multiculturalism, and multiple identities.

Deficient non-native speakers or translanguagers?

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Chung Ke
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Nonnative Speaker ◽  
Japanese Students ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Intercultural Exchange ◽  
Japanese Speaker

This study investigated how the experience of a multilingual and multimodal English as a lingua franca (ELF) online intercultural exchange (OIE) influenced Taiwanese university students’ linguistic identities. Data was drawn from 26 Taiwanese students who had 10 weekly one-hour video live-chats with 18 Japanese students in 2 semesters. Taiwanese participants were interviewed on their language use and issues related to identities before, during, and after the exchange. Students’ language use patterns in the OIE and reflections on the OIE were also analyzed. Interviews revealed that the multilingual ELF experience had a liberating and empowering effect for students’ English use. In multimodal communication, they felt more comfortable using English together with other languages, evidenced by increasing productions of code-mixing utterances in later weeks. However, the anxiety of using Japanese with a native Japanese speaker still persisted. In particular, the native-speaker (NS)–nonnative-speaker (NNS) interactions constrained them to pay more attention to form and accuracy, which positioned both Taiwanese and Japanese students as either native speakers or deficient nonnative language learners.

The future of Inuktitut in the face of majority languages: Bilingualism or language shift?

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHANLEY ALLEN
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
The Face

Inuktitut, the Eskimo language spoken in Eastern Canada, is one of the few Canadian indigenous languages with a strong chance of long-term survival because over 90% of Inuit children still learn Inuktitut from birth. In this paper I review existing literature on bilingual Inuit children to explore the prospects for the survival of Inuktitut given the increase in the use of English in these regions. Studies on code mixing and subject realization among simultaneous bilingual children ages 2–4 years show a strong foundation in Inuktitut, regardless of extensive exposure to English in the home. However, three studies of older Inuit children exposed to English through school reveal some stagnation in children's Inuktitut and increasing use of English with age, even in nonschool contexts. I conclude that current choices about language use at the personal, school, and societal levels will determine whether Inuit are able to reach and maintain stable bilingualism, or whether Inuktitut will decline significantly in favor of majority languages.

A Semantic Watermarking Technique for Authenticating Video of H.264

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 1197-1200
Author(s):  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Ling Xing ◽  
Bin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Code Rate ◽  
Rate Change ◽  
Video Code ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Motion Vectors ◽  
Content Category ◽  
Video Authentication ◽  
Fragile Watermark ◽  
Robust Watermark ◽  
Dct Coefficients

A novel watermarking technique to authenticate video of H.264 is presented in this paper, using Uniform Content Locator (UCL) to semantically indexing video content and dual watermarks to preserve and enhance video content integrity and authentication. UCL index information is firstly extracted from video content and is formatted as semantic watermark to be embedded in video content. The UCL watermark is regarded as robust watermark and is then embedded into medium frequencies of DCT-coefficients of H.264 video I-frames in order to protect video attributes property (e.g., video author, copyright, content category). Features information obtained from the previously watermarked DCT-coefficients are treated as fragile watermark and are embedded into the motion vectors of H.264 video P-frames in order to ensure video secrecies (e.g., video integrity, authentication). Experiments demonstrate that this proposed technique can fulfill the requirements of H.264 video authentication and has negligible effects on video code rate change and content distortion.

scholarly journals Coping with Metaphor. A cognitive approach to translating metaphor

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (35) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Astrid Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Young Professional ◽  
Extensive Training ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

The present article focuses on the translation of metaphor by expert translators, young professional translators and non-professional translators. The approach adopted here treats translation of metaphor as a conceptual rather than a purely linguistic phenomenon, based on the framework sometimes referred to as conceptual metaphor theory (CMT), which is based on Lakoff & Johnson (1980) and Lakoff & Turner (1989). The basic assumption behind this study is that translating metaphor requires translator competence, which among other things entails an awareness of the duality of the metaphor as both a mental concept and linguistic expressions. It is further assumed that translation competence is developed through extensive training and translation experience. The study starts with a qualitative analysis of the metaphorical expressions and translation strategies in the sample texts, followed by a quantitative analysis whereby the frequencies of metaphor transference across languages and across groups are counted.

scholarly journals Identifying partially schematic units in the code-mixing of an English and German speaking child

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Endesfelder Quick ◽  
Elena Lieven ◽  
Malinda Carpenter ◽  
Michael Tomasello
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
Function Words ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
German Speaking

Abstract Intra-sentential code-mixing presents a number of puzzles for theories of bilingualism. In this paper, we examine the code-mixed English-German utterances of a young English-German-Spanish trilingual child between 1;10 – 3;1, using both an extensive diary kept by the mother and audio recordings. We address the interplay between lexical and syntactic aspects of language use outlined in the usage-based approach (e.g. Tomasello, 2003). The data suggest that partially schematic constructions play an important role in the code-mixing of this child. In addition, we find, first, that the code-mixing was not mainly the result of lexical gaps. Second, there was more mixing of German function words than content words. Third, code-mixed utterances often consisted of the use of a partially schematic construction with the open slot filled by material from the other language. These results raise a number of important issues for all theoretical approaches to code mixing, which we discuss.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document