scholarly journals ANALISIS KADAR TOTAL METABOLIT SEKUNDER EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TAMOENJU (Hibiscus surattensis L.)

KOVALEN ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Astrid Natalia Alasa ◽  
Syariful Anam ◽  
Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Quantitative Test ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Dark Blue

Tamoenju (Hibiscus surattensis L.) leaves are included in the malvaceae family which grows in the plateau and are known to have the antidiabetic activity that the standardization of the extract is needed to be conducted. The research aimed to discover the total level of secondary metabolites from ethanol extract. The extraction of Tamoenju leaves through maceration method with 96% ethanol was done to obtain the filtrate. The filtrate obtained was concentrated by using rotary evaporator at 40°C until the concentrated extract was obtained. The extract gained was then tested in a qualitative way with Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Saponin, and Tannin tests by using the suitable reagent for the test parameters. While in the quantitative test the method used was Gravimetric analysis on alkaloid and Saponin compounds, Permanganometry on Tannin compound, and UV-Visible Spectrophotometry on Flavonoid. The qualitative test results reveal that Tamoenju is positive for containing Alkaloid which was characterized by the presence of orange sediment, Flavonoid was characterized by the orange formation, Tannin was characterized by the dark blue and Saponin was characterized by the stable foam. The quantitative test results are Alkaloid by 305.181 g/g, Saponin by 371.112 g/g, Tannin by 55.417 g/g and Flavonoid by 14.999 mg/100 g.Keywords: Hibiscus surattensis L. , secondary metabolites, standardization

scholarly journals Analisis Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Biji Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis

KOVALEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Tien Wahyu Handayani ◽  
Yulistien Yusuf ◽  
Joni Tandi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Quantitative Test ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Parameter Test ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

This study aims to determine the content and total levels of secondary metabolites of ethanol extract of moringa seed (Moringa oleifera Lam.). Extraction of moringa seed using the maceration method to obtain a filtrate. The filtrate obtained was concentrated using a rotary evaporator to obtain a concentrated extract. The extract was tested qualitatively for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins using a suitable reagent with the test parameters. The quantitative test was using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Alkaloids using test parameters equivalent total alkaloid quinine, flavonoids use parameter test equivalent of the total flavonoids quercetin, saponin using test parameters from Quillaja total saponins and tannins quantitative bark using test parameters total tannin tannic acid equivalent. The result showed that moringa seed positive for alkaloids characterized by orange deposition, flavonoids are characterized by the formation of the yellow color orange, saponin their stable foam, and tannins are marked in black. Quantitative test results alkaloids of 916,87 µg/g, flavonoids of 0.255%, saponin of 6.367%, and tannin of 3,724.5 µg/g. Keywords: Moringa oleifera Lam., secondary metabolites, spectrophotometry

scholarly journals Analisis Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etanol Buah Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis

KOVALEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Joni Tandi ◽  
Bella Melinda ◽  
Anita Purwantari ◽  
Agustinus Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Qualitative Assay

This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites and the levels of total secondary metabolites in ethanol extract of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) fruit with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry method. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) fruit extract was prepared by maceration method with 96% ethanol. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator that followed by a qualitative test for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins using suitable reagents with the test parameters, while for the qualitative assay using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Qualitative analysis of alkaloids using test parameters of total alkaloids equivalent to quinine, flavonoid using parameter of total flavonoids equivalent to quercetin, saponin using parameters of standard saponins total from the Quillaja Bark, and tannin using test parameters of total tannins equivalent to tannic acid. Qualitative test results indicated that the ethanol extract of Okra fruit tested positive for alkaloids content wich characterized by the orange deposition, flavonoids characterized by the formation of an orange-yellow color, a stable foam for saponins and tannins marked in black. The quantitative analysis resulted alkaloids of 2228.06 mg/gram, flavonoids of 2.79 mg/gram, saponins of 10.03 mg/gram, and tannins of 1973.27 mg/gram. Keywords: Okra fruit, secondary metabolites, UV- Vis spectrophotometry, qualitative, quantitative.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI KADAR VITAMIN C PADA DAGING DAN KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VISIBLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Aminah Nur Syarifuddin ◽  
Rezky Zantrie ◽  
Romauli Anna Teresia Marbun
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Test ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Hylocereus Polyrhizus

Introduction: Vitamin C is one of the nutrition acted as a antioxidants and effective addres free radicals can be destructive cells or tissue. Fruits are a source of vitamins C, which is a dragon red. Part of the dragon red during this rarely used is the skin. The dragon fruit is very useful to health, but in fact only thought of as waste farming has yet to be used as a good. This study aims to determine comparison levels of vitamin C on the flesh and the dragon red (Hylocereus polyrhizus) with a method spectrophotometry UV-Visible. Method: This type of research using the method of true experimental reseach stage includes preparation of samples, qualitative test,quantitative test, making the solution of the parent raw materials, determination of wavelength of vitamin C and manufacture of the calibration curve. The sample of this study is the flesh and the dragon red (Hylocereus polyrhizus). Results: Based on the results revealed that the fles and the dragon red (Hylocereus polyrhizus) contain vitamin C. Discussion: Levels of vitamin C on the flesh the dragon red of 0.05888 mg/mL and The levels of vitamin C on the skin the dragon red of 0.02533 mg/mL .

scholarly journals Analisis Senyawa β-Karoten pada Buah Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Asal Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Irman Idrus ◽  
Sabda Wahab ◽  
Andi Fitrah Nugraha ◽  
Syaiful Bachri
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Test Parameter ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Planting Method ◽  
Β Carotene

South Konawe District at Southeast Sulawesi Province is a producer of agriculture such as Papaya fruit ranging from 1168 quintals each year. Papaya fruit contains β-carotene which plays an important role in the formation of vitamin A in the body. This research was conducted to determine the β-carotene content of papaya fruit by using variables planting method, fruitage, and fruit condition. The mashed fruit was extracted using n-hexane: acetone: ethanol (2: 1: 1) v/v, then separated from polar and non-polar solutions. Qualitative analysis was carried out using the Carr-Price method and quantitative analysis or determination of β-carotene levels using the UV-Visible spectrophotometric method λ = 452.0 nm. The qualitative test results showed that the papaya fruit in the papaya fruit obtained by cultivation and growing wild with each variable half-ripe, ripe, and not fresh papaya identified the presence of β-carotene. The results of quantitative analysis of β-carotene levels in cultivated papaya fruit were 1.76 μL, half-ripe 1.32 μL, and cultivated young papaya 1.22 μL. In wild ripe papaya 1.75 μL, wild half-ripe papaya 1.3 μL and wild young papaya 1.21 μL. There is an effect of each test parameter starting from the parameters of planting method, fruitage, and fruit condition on β-carotene content in papaya fruit.

scholarly journals Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Ethanol Extract of Ciplukan (Physalis angulate) Leaves and Toxicity Test on Post-Larvae of Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) [Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ektrak Etanol Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) dan Uji Toksisitas terhadap Sintasan Post Larva Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon)]

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Awaludin Awaludin ◽  
Yulma Yulma
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tiger Prawn ◽  
Garden Plant

AbstractPhysalis angulata is a garden plant that has been widely used as a medicinal plant by the community. This plant contains secondary metabolites that can be used as medicine and nutrition enhancement. This study aims to identify the secondary metabolite compounds and their toxicity to the post-larva (PL) survival rate in tiger prawns. This study was conducted in several stages (1). P. angulata extraction using ethanol, (2) P. angulata GCMS test, (3) The identification of the secondary metabolites from P. angulata (4) LC50 test (Lethal Concentration 50) and (5) Data analysis. Based on the results of GCMS analysis, it was indicated that P. angulata contained the secondary metabolite compounds, including phenols, steroids, fatty acids, terpenoids, benzenes, and alkaloids. It is concluded that the compounds contained are presumed to be beneficial for prawn farming development in terms of disease prevention, growth acceleration, and egg quality improvement. Meanwhile, the toxicity test results by using tiger prawn larvae for 48 hours revealed that the safe concentration level used for prawn development by utilizing the cutleaf groundcherry extract was at 13.1 mg/l.AbstrakPhysalis angulata merupakan tumbuhan pekarangan yang telah banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai tumbuhan obat oleh masyarakat. Tumbuhan ini diduga memiliki metabolit sekunder yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat dan peningkatan nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi senyawa metabolik sekunder dan toksisitasnya terhadap sintasan post larva (PL) udang windu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan (1). Ekstraksi P. angulata dengan menggunakan etanol, (2) Uji GCMS P. angulata, (3) Identifikasi metabolit sekunder dari P. angulata (4) Uji LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50) dan (5) Analisis data. Berdasarkan hasil analisis GCMS menunjukkan bahwa P. angulata mengandung metabolit sekunder golongan senyawa antara lain fenol, steroid, asam lemak, terpenoid, benzene dan alkaloid. Senyawa- senyawa yang terkandung tersebut diduga dapat dijadikan sebagai pengembangan budidaya udang pada penanggulangan penyakit, percepatan pertumbuhan dan peningkatan kualitas telur. Sedangkan hasil uji toksisitas dengan menggunakan larva udang windu selama 48 jam menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi aman yang dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan udang dengan memanfaatkan ekstrak ciplukan dengan konsentrasi 13,1 mg/l.

DAYA TAHAN ROTAN YANG DIAWETKAN DENGAN CUKA KAYU GALAM TERHADAP SERANGAN BUBUK Dinoderus minutus Farb.

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Evy Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Force Feedback ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Wood Vinegar ◽  
Dinoderus Minutus ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Feedback Method ◽  
Reduction Percentage ◽  
Insect Attack

Rattan on frequently attacked by the powder post beetle (Tellu, 2001). The prevention of dry powder attacks is done by preservation. The increasing resistant of rattan from insect attack can be done by an environmentally friendly preservative, the Galam wood vinegar. This research  aims to determine the most effective concentration of preservative that shows the lowest attacks level of D. Farb minutus powder. The rattan used is green rattan (Calamus sp.) The concentration of preservative that are used:10%, 40%, 70% and 100%. The testing of dry powder attack  used force feedback method. The effectiveness test parameters of wood vinegar to dry powder attacks  included degree of protection Dinoderus minutus Farb. powder,  reduction percentage of rattan weight and the mortality of dry powder Dinoderus sp for toxicological testing of wood vinegar. The test results showed that the degree of protection powder in rattan growing along with the increased concentration of preservatives. The higher the concentration of  wood vinegar, the smaller the reduction of rattan weight and the higher the mortality rate of dry powder. Keywords: resistant of rattan, wood vinegar, Dinoderus minutus.

PENGARUH LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP KADAR FLAVONOID TOTAL PADA EKSTRAK TAPE BIJI NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Nada Nabila Sari ◽  
S Suharyanto
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Community People ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Seed Extracts

Biji nangka kurang diminati oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan pangan. Biji nangka memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan. Tujuan peneliti adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap kadar flavonoid total pada ekstrak tape biji nangka (Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk.) yang dilakukan dengan alat spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Manfaat dari penelitian untuk menambah wawasan di bidang farmasi khususnya tentang ilmu kimia amami mengenai pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap kadar flavonoid total pada ekstrak tape biji nangka (Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk.). Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah metode maserasi dengan mengunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Identifikasi kualitatif mengunakan uji Shinoda, uji NaOH 10%, uji H2SO4 (pekat). Hasil uji kualitatif menunjukan sampel positif mengandung flavonoid. Kesimpulan pada hasil penelitian penetapan kadar flavonoid total yang terkandung dalam ekstrak tape biji nangka pada hari ke-0 sebesar 2,9146±0,0245 mgQE/gram ekstrak, pada hari ke-1 sebesar 3,3050±0,0240 mgQE/gram ekstrak, pada hari ke-2 sebesar 3,6829±0,0244 mgQE/gram ekstrak, dan pada hari ke-3 sebesar 4,0488±0,0244 mgQE/gram ekstrak.  Jackfruit seeds are less interest by the community (people) as food.  Jackfruit seeds containing flavonoid compounds where it can be used as a treatment.  The aim of the researchers was to determine the effect of fermentation time on total flavonoid concentration  in jackfruit fermented seed extracts with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The benefits of research to add insight in the field of pharmacy especially about chemistry of amami regarding effect of fermentation time on total flavonoid levels in jackfruit seed “tape” extract (Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk.). Extraction method used is the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. Qualitative identification using the Shinoda test, 10% NaOH test, and H2SO4 (concentrated) test. Qualitative test results showed a positive sample containing flavonoids. Conclusions on the results of the experiment  are jackfruit seed "tape" extract on day-0 was 2.9146±0.0245  mgQE/gram extract, on day-1 was 3.3050±0.0240 mgQE/gram extract, on day-2 was 3.68293±0.0244 mgQE/gram and on day-3 was 4.0488±0.024 mgQE /gram extract. The longer fermentation, total flavonoid concentration interest.  

Sunlight exposure: the effects on the performance of paragliding fabric

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (05) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
MENGÜÇ GAMZE SÜPÜREN ◽  
TEMEL EMRAH ◽  
BOZDOĞAN FARUK
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dark Blue

This study was designed to explore the relationship between sunlight exposure and the mechanical properties of paragliding fabrics which have different colors, densities, yarn counts, and coating materials. This study exposed 5 different colors of paragliding fabrics (red, turquoise, dark blue, orange, and white) to intense sunlight for 150 hours during the summer from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. for 5 days a week for 5 weeks. Before and after the UV radiation aging process, the air permeability, tensile strength, tear strength, and bursting strength tests were performed. Test results were also evaluated using statistical methods. According to the results, the fading of the turquoise fabric was found to be the highest among the studied fabrics. It was determined that there is a significant decrease in the mechanical properties of the fabrics after sunlight exposure. After aging, the fabrics become considerably weaker in the case of mechanical properties due to the degradation in both the dyestuff and macromolecular structure of the fiber

UJI IMUNOSTIMULATOR DARI KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA BINARA (ARTEMISIA VULGARIS LINN) DAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PUCUK MERAH (SYZYGIUM OLEANA) DENGAN METODE HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE LAMBAT PADA TIKUS JANTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Romauli Anna Teresia Marbun ◽  
Aminah Syarifuddin ◽  
Montysory Silalahi ◽  
Radika Bella Fista Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
New Treatments

Diseases mediated by the immune system are difficult problems to treat such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other lethal viruses. Infections that occur in normal people are generally brief and rarely leave permanent damage. Treatment of this disease requires an aggressive and innovative approach to the development of new treatments so that it requires the role of immunomodulators to improve the immune system. A substance that acts as an enhancer or immune enhancer can be obtained by using herbs that are efficacious as immunostimulants. One of the herbs used is herbal binara (Artemisia vulgaris L) which has been studied as a potential immunomodulator with high antioxidant activity. Previous research also stated that red shoots (Syzygium oleana) were studied as potential immunomodulators with high antioxidant activity. Several other species such as Syzygium samarangense have 16 flavonoida compounds which show pharmacological immunological activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites of ethanol extract of herbal binara (Artemisia vulgaris L.) with red shoots (Syzygium oleana) and to determine the best dose of extract from the ethanol extract of herbal binara (Artemisia vulgaris L.) with red shoots (Syzygium oleana) can reduce the volume of swelling of mouse feet. Examination of the chemical content of secondary metabolites from the ethanol extract of herbal binara (Artemisia vulgaris L.) with red shoots (Syzygium oleana) is carried out by chemical screening and characterization of simplicia and extract. The method used is the slow type hypersensitivity method. In this test the independent variable is the secondary metabolite of ethanol extract of herb binara (Artemisia vulgaris L.) with red shoots (Syzygium oleana) with four concentrations (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg / kgBB). The positive control used by Stimuno dose is 32.5 mg / kgBB

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic activity of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. leaf ethanol extract SNEDDS in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
Farida Hayati ◽  
Lutfi Chabib ◽  
Faiza Dea Sekarraras ◽  
Wan Syarifah Faizah
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Good Preparation

Abstract This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of SNEDDS of Pegagan Leaf Ethanol Extract (PLE) to reduce fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in zebrafish. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or pegagan is among the medicinal plants widely used to treat diabetes in Indonesia. Maceration was employed with 70% ethanol to obtain a viscous extract for the formulation of SNEDDS with Capryol 90, Tween 80, and PEG 400 (1:6:3). Antihyperglycemic testing was conducted on five groups, consisting of normal, positive control, negative control, P I treatment, and P II treatment. On Day 1, all except the normal group was induced with 300 mg alloxan and soaked in 2% glucose solution for 7 days. On day 8, the treatment consisted of 25 mg/2 L metformin for the positive control, 100 mg/2 L SNEDDS for P I, 200 mg/2 L SNEDDS for P II, and no treatment for the negative control. The SNEDDS characterization obtained 100.6 ± 3.12 nm particle size and −7.93 ± 0.66 mV zeta potential, indicating that the SNEDDS had fulfilled the requirements of good preparation. The antidiabetic activity test found a 69.90% decline in FBG levels in 100 mg/2 L SNEDDS and 72.20% in 200 mg/2 L SNEDDS.

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