scholarly journals The Development, Evaluation, and Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Chitosan Microcapsules Containing Red Ginger Oleoresin with Sodium Tripolyphosphate Prepared by Emulsion Cross-linking Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Jayanudin Jayanudin ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Fahrurrozi ◽  
Sang Kompiang Wirawan ◽  
Rochmadi Rochmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Activity Analysis ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Red Ginger

In this study, chitosan-based carrier of red ginger oleoresin was prepared using the emulsion cross-linking technique with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. The effect of chitosan and TPP concentration, as well as pH on the encapsulation efficiency, particle size and characterization of chitosan microcapsule was determined. The antioxidant activity of microcapsules was analyzed. Chitosan microcapsules containing red ginger oleoresin were produced although with non-smooth surfaces.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF COATING MATERIAL DIFFERENCE AGAINST ENCAPSULATION EFFICIENCY OF RED GINGER OLEORESIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanudin Jayanudin ◽  
Rochmadi Rochmadi ◽  
M. Kemal Renaldi ◽  
Pangihutan Pangihutan
Keyword(s):  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Coating Material ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Encapsulation Process ◽  
Red Ginger

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different coating materials on the efficiency of red ginger oleoresin encapsulation and characterization of microcapsule surface. The encapsulation process begins by dissolving chitosan with 1 % (v/v) acetic acid and dissolving sodium alginate using aquadest to be used as a coating material. Red ginger oleoresin alginate included in the solution was stirred. The mixture entered into the chitosan solution and added tween 80 was stirred using a homogenizer to emulsify. The emulsion that forms included in the <em>spray dryer</em> to be converted into a powder of microcapsules, and then analyzes the encapsulation efficiency and surface morphology of microcapsules using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differences in the coating material used were chitosan, mixture of chitosan-alginate and mixture of chitosan-alginate-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Weight ratio of red ginger oleoresin and the coating material were 1: 1, 1: 2 and 1: 3. The research results obtained were the highest encapsulation efficiency obtained from the coating material of the chitosan-alginate-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) at a ratio of 1: 3, namely by 85 %.

scholarly journals Encapsulation and characterization of Garcinia atroviridis rinds water extracts loaded nanoparticles

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
N.B. Yusof ◽  
A. Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Fat Synthesis

Garcinia atroviridis fruit has been shown to express anti-obesity activity as a result of its bioactive compound, hydroxycitric acid (HCA). HCA is effective in decreasing appetite, inhibiting fat synthesis, and reducing body weight. However, HCA is very unstable towards certain conditions thus limiting its bioavailability. To overcome the issue of HCA instability, HCA was encapsulated in chitosan (CS) nanoparticles in this study. CS nanoparticles were prepared based on ionic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. The concentration of chitosan and TPP: chitosan volume ratios were varied and the resulting nanoparticles were characterized based on zeta potential, particle size, encapsulation efficiency (EE%), and kinetics release. The most optimum nanoparticle was obtained with a combination of 1.5 mg/mL chitosan with a CS: TPP volume ratio of 4: 1. Zeta potential was measured by approximately 49 mV. The size of the particle at optimum condition was found to be 140 nm and the nanoparticle had high encapsulation efficiency (87.55±5.35%). G. atroviridis extract release from CS nanoparticles followed either Higuchi or Korsmeyer Peppas kinetic model. FT-IR studies indicated that G. atroviridis was encapsulated in CS nanoparticles. The present study revealed that concentration of chitosan, and CS: TPP volume ratio can significantly change the physical characteristics of the nanoparticles and this provides an avenue for formulators to engineer CS nanoparticles according to needs.

scholarly journals Mikroenkapsulasi Senyawa Fenolik Ekstrak Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus K.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tagor Marsillam Siregar ◽  
Clarine Kristanti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Spray Dryer ◽  
Cosmos Caudatus ◽  
Coating Ratio

Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus K.) memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi. Senyawa fenolik telah diketahui sensitif terhadap cahaya, oksigen dan panas. Enkapsulasi dapat melindungi senyawa fenolik dalam ekstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh rasio bahan inti:bahan penyalut (1:10 dan 1: 20) dan suhu inlet spray dryer (125, 150 dan 175oC) terhadap karakteristik mikrokapsul. Pada penelitian tahap pendahuluan, daun kenikir diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etanol, kemudian ekstrak yang diperoleh dianalisis aktivitas antioksidan dan total fenolik. Pada tahap selanjutnya ekstrak dienkapsulasi dan mikrokapsul yang diperoleh dianalisis powder recovery, kandungan total fenolik, effisiensi enkapsulasi, aktivitas antioksidan dan ukuran partikel. Rasio bahan inti:bahan penyalutdansuhu inlet spray dryer mempengaruhi powder recovery, total fenolik, effisiensi enkapsulasi, aktivitas antioksidan dan ukuran partikel mikrokapsul. Perlakuan dengan rasio bahan inti:bahan penyalut1:20 dan suhu inlet spray dryer 125oC menghasilkan mikrokapsul dengan powder recovery 59,87%, total fenol 24,644 mgGAE/g sampel, efisiensi enkapsulasi 98,820%, aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) 1711,804 ppm dan ukuran partikel 1,55 µm.Microencapsulation Of Phenolic Compounds From Cosmos caudatus K. Leaves ExtractCosmos caudatus K. leaves are high in total phenolic content and have high antioxidant activity. Phenolic compounds are sensitive to light, oxygen, and heat. Encapsulation process can protect the phenolic compounds of extract. This research was aimed to study the effect of core to coating ratio (1:10 and 1:20) and spray drying inlet temperature (125, 150, and 175°C) towards the characteristics of microcapsules. In preliminary stage, Cosmos caudatus K. leaves were extracted with ethanol. The extract was analyzed for antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. In the main stage, the extract were encapsulated. The microcapsules were analyzed for powder recovery, total phenolic content, encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant activity, and particle size. Core to coating ratio and inlet temperature affected the powder recovery, total phenolic content, encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant activity, and particle size of microcapsules. Microcapsules with core to coating ratio 1:20 and inlet temperature 125°C gave the best result with powder recovery 59.87%, total phenolic content 24.644 mg GAE/g sample, encapsulation efficiency 98.820%, IC50 1711.804 ppm, and particle size 1.55 μm.                      •

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Citrus Aurantifolia Lime Oils Microcapsules by Complex Coacervation Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Euis Julaeha ◽  
Mohamad Nurzaman ◽  
Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy ◽  
Dikdik Kurnia ◽  
Sandra Puspita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Complex Coacervation ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Ratio Speed ◽  
Improved Performance

The Lime oil of Citrus aurantifolia was microencapsulated by coacervation technique employing gelatine and alginates as the shells, and calcium chloride as cross linker. Optimization of core/shell ratio, speed and temperature of stirring was carried out. Structure and shape of the microcapsules were characterized by particle size analyzer (PSA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively. The properties of microcapsules such as, yield, particle size distribution, oil content, oil load, and encapsulation efficiency were also determined. Upon condition of ratio core/shell 0.49, speed and temperature of stirring at 600 rpm and 35 �C respectively, the microcapsules of LOs with improved performance were achieved with efficiency of 46% and oil content of 78%.

scholarly journals Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Mahogany Bark Extract-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Syamsul Falah ◽  
Sulistiyani Sulistiyani ◽  
Dimas Andrianto
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Water Soluble Drugs ◽  
Radical Method

Nanoparticles-based drug delivery has been recognized to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, prolong the half-life of drug systematic circulation by reducing immunogenicity, and releases drugs at a sustain rate. The present study reports on the characterization of mahogany bark extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and their antioxidant activity.  Mahogany bark meal was extracted in boiled water for four hours.  Chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) nanospheres were sonicated with ultrasonicator to obtain chitosan-STTP nanocapsules for 30 and 60 min and then were dried with spray dryer. The chitosan-STPP nanocapsules loaded by mahogany extract were then analysed for surface morphology and physical state by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated by scavenging the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using free radical method. Based on SEM data, the nanoparticle shapes were viewed to adhere to spherical shape. Spherical chitosan-STTP nanoparticles loaded with mahogany bark extract were obtained in the size range of 480 ~ 2000 nm and 240 ~ 1000 nm for 30 and 60 min of ultrasonication time, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was lower than that of the native mahogany bark extract. 

Characterization of cross-linked chitosan by ionic and covalent crosslinking agents as wall material of red ginger oleoresin microcapsules

2021 ◽  
pp. 3380-3388
Author(s):  
Jayanudin Jayanudin ◽  
Rochmadi Rochmadi ◽  
Fahrurrozi Moh. ◽  
Sang Kompiang Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Corn Oil ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Covalent Crosslinking ◽  
Red Ginger ◽  
Covalent Interactions ◽  
Crosslinking Agents

The aim of this study was to determine the characterization of ionic and covalent interactions to form a crosslinking network with chitosan as a wall material of microcapsules. Red ginger oleoresin microcapsule was prepared by emulsion crosslinking method. Red ginger oleoresin was mixed and stirred with chitosan solution to form an emulsion, then added to corn oil and stirred again to form a second emulsion. Crosslinking agents of glutaraldehyde saturated toluene (GST) or sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) solution was slowly added to the emulsion. When using a crosslinking agent of TPP solution was added glacial acetic acid to adjust pH. Red ginger oleoresin microcapsules were filtered and washed with petroleum ether followed by n-hexane and then dried in an oven. Microcapsules from chitosan that are cross-linked with GST produce higher yield and size of microcapsules compared to TPP. Whereas, the highest encapsulation efficiency produced from chitosan cross-linked with TPP was 91.63±0.02%. Meanwhile, the highest cumulative release was obtained from TPP cross-linked chitosan microcapsules of 63.71% and the lowest was 50.01% from chitosan microcapsules that cross-linked with GST. The conclusion of this study was the differences between ionic and covalent crosslinking agents produce different microcapsule characteristics. Microcapsules from chitosan cross-linked with GST generated more compact with a smoother surface than with TPP.

Formulation and Characterization of Gefitinib-loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Using Box-Behnken Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gupta ◽  
R.K. Marwaha ◽  
H. Dureja
Keyword(s):  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Chitosan Concentration ◽  
Systemic Side Effects

Background:Nanotechnology has considerably modified the treatment of cancer by overcoming the prevailing drawbacks in conventional chemotherapy like severe systemic side effects, undesirable bio-distribution and drug resistance.Objective:The objective behind the present study was to develop polymeric nanoparticles loaded with gefitinib by ionic gelation method and optimize the prepared nanoparticles using Box-Behnken Design at 3-factors and 3-levels. The main and interactive effects of three selected process variables i.e chitosan concentration, sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP) concentration and NaTPP volume on the encapsulation efficiency and % cumulative drug release were determined.Method:Seventeen nanoparticle formulations were prepared by ionic gelation method using chitosan concentration (0.1-0.3% w/v), NaTPP concentration (0.2-0.6% w/v) and NaTPP volume (8-12 ml) applying Box-behnken design. The cryoprotectant used was 5% w/v trehalose. The nanoparticle formulations were further evaluated for various parameters.Results:The formulation (NP-5) prepared using chitosan (0.1% w/v) and NaTPP (0.4% w/v ) in 8 ml volume exhibited particle size (79.4 nm), polydispersity index (0.349), encapsulation efficiency (82.05 %) and % cumulative drug released (40.83 %) in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) over a period of 24 h. The release mechanism followed was higuchi model. The values of various evaluation parameters observed were found to be in close concurrence with the values predicted employing the Design expert software.Conclusion:The nanoparticle formulation obtained using chitosan in low concentration, optimum concentration ratio of chitosan: NaTPP along with low volume of NaTPP showed desired features. The mathematical models were further designed to develop polymeric nanoparticles with required characteristics.

EVALUATION OF MYRICETIN NANOPHYTOSOME WITH THIN-SONICATION LAYER HYDRATION METHOD USING ETHANOL AND ACETONE SOLVENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
NUR AINI DEWI PURNAMASARI ◽  
MUHAMMAD DZAKWAN ◽  
GANET EKO PRAMUKANTORO ◽  
RACHMAT MAULUDIN ◽  
ELFAHMI
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio

Objective: Nano-phytosome is a nanotechnology that is used to improve the bioavailability of active ingredients contained in plants by binding to active ingredients with phospholipids which have properties that resemble cell membranes. The active ingredient used in the nano-phytosome formulation is myricetin. Myricetin is a natural flavonoid compound that has antioxidant properties with low bioavailability and permeability. The purpose of this study was to determine the characterization of the nano-phytosome myricetin formulation with different solvents using ethanol and acetone. Methods: Nano-phytosome was made using a thin-sonication hydration method by comparing the acetone and ethanol solvents as well as the variation of the myricetin: phosphatidylcholine: cholesterol ratio. Characterization of nano-phytosome includes particle size, polydisperse index, zeta potential, absorption efficiency and antioxidant activity, and TEM test. Results: Characterization and evaluation of myricetin nano-phytosome using two different solvents, acetone and ethanol. The particle size of all formulas has a size between 10-1000 nm, the use of ethanol solvent produces the smallest particle size of 198.1 ± 1,74 nm and the lowest polydispersity index of 0.175 ± 0,020 in ethanol solvent. Conclusion: The ethanol solvent is better compared to the acetone solvent, and the best formula is formula 4 with the ratio of myricetin: phosphatidylcholine: cholesterol (1: 1: 0.4).

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES FROM CLOVE FLOWER WATER EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Gusti Ayu Dewi Lestari ◽  
Kadek Duwi Cahyadi ◽  
Iryanti Eka Suprihatin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Dpph Method

CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES FROM CLOVE FLOWER WATER EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY. Green chemistry is a safe and cost effective method for producing metal nanoparticles, characterize and tested the antioxidant activity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this research gold nanoparticles were synthesized using HAuCl₄ as the gold precursor and water extract of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) flowers 0.5% as the bioreductor. Characterization of the gold nanoparticles was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometer to measure the maximum wavelength, zeta analyzer to determine the particle size, and SEM EDS to investigate the morphology and content of the gold nanoparticles. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring its free radical scavenging activity using the DPPH method. The research found the AuNPs has a maximum wavelength at 533 nm, and particle size of 73.52 nm. Furthermore, the AuNPs show free radical scavenging activities of up to 70%.

scholarly journals Mikroenkapsulasi Fikosianin dalam Maltodekstrin-Alginat: Formulasi dan Karakterisasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Ayu Kurniasih ◽  
Lukita Purnamayati ◽  
Ulfah Amalia ◽  
Eko Nurcahya Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
External Effect ◽  
Alginate Concentration ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Blue Intensity

Phycocyanin is a source of natural blue dye which can be extracted from Spirulina sp. The main characteristics of phycocyanin are unstable by temperature and pH during processing and storage. Microencapsulation methods could be proposed to protect the phycocyanin from the external effect, where the types and concentration of encapsulant used may affect the characteristics of the result. The aim of this study was to determine the best formulation and characterization of phycocyanin microcapsules from Spirulina sp. with maltodextrin and alginate as an encapsulant. The microcapsules were produced using five different concentrations of alginate in maltodextrin, namely 0%; 0.2%; 0.4%; 0.6%; and 0.8% (w/w). The total encapsulant used was 10% of phycocyanin microparticle solution. The results showed that the increasing concentration of alginate could raise the levels of phycocyanin, moisture content, encapsulation efficiency, bulk density, blue intensity, and particle size, it also improved the morphology of the microcapsules. Phycocyanin microcapsules with alginate concentration of 0.6% and 9.4% maltodextrin had the highest phycocyanin content, encapsulation efficiency, and blue intensity.

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