scholarly journals Konsep Ekonomi Ibnu Khaldun Dan Relevansinya Dengan Teori Ekonomi Modern (Studi Analisis Konsep Ekonomi Dalam Kitab Muqaddimah)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairil Henry
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Development ◽  
Scientific Concepts ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Own Name ◽  
High Degree

Ibn Khaldun is an Islamic scientist who through his book entitled "muqadimah" has become an intellectual bridge for the development of science. He has provided facilities for intellectual leap in scientific development. He has examined several problems and phenomena of life about society, history and economics that have never been studied by scientists before.He has introduced new scientific concepts with a high degree of originality and laid the foundations of thought and theory for subsequent scientists. Ibn Khaldun had become one of the earliest and most well-known theorists in sociology, history and economics. He has become the founder of a school of thought which is only worthy named after his own name. In the book of Muqaddimah, we can get Ibn Khaldun's method in explaining various economic problems and linking these economic problems with the verses contained in the Qur'an. This is evidence of his efforts to explain that various economic activities have actually been regulated in Islam. His thinking deserves to be a reference in studying especially economics which has always been dominated by Western scientists. Keywords: Ibn Khaldun, Muqaddimah, Economics

Passive Revolution in Japan: The Restoration of Hegemony under Abe?

2021 ◽  
pp. 089692052110138
Author(s):  
Myles Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Economic Stagnation ◽  
Japanese Prime Minister ◽  
Passive Revolution ◽  
High Degree

This article draws on Gramsci’s theory of passive revolution to explore the second tenure of Japanese Prime Minister Abe Shinzō from 2012 to 2020. It sees the high degree of political stability that Abe achieved as a contrast to the preceding two decades of Japanese politics and asks what accounts for Abe’s success in restoring Liberal Democratic Party’s (LDP) dominance in an era of enduring economic and social crisis. The article argues that Abe executed a strategy of passive revolution that incorporated two “faces”: an “outward” face oriented around consent and an “inward” face rooted in coercion. The former involved economic policies (in particular “Abenomics”) designed to appear capable of resolving chronic economic stagnation, growing inequality and other social and economic problems, restoring popular support for the LDP without undermining conditions for capital accumulation or empowering subaltern classes. In contrast, the latter involved various low-profile security and administrative policies that enabled the Abe government to dramatically increase its power while silencing or disarming potential rivals and critics. The article sees this two-sided strategy of passive revolution as effective in restoring LDP dominance but unlikely to prove the basis for a more expansive hegemony or a resolution to Japan’s organic crisis.

scholarly journals Sistem Ekonomi (Islam) dan Pelarangan Riba dalam Perspektif Historis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Risanda Alirastra Budiantoro ◽  
Riesanda Najmi Sasmita ◽  
Tika Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Islamic Civilization

Allah has given the guidance in the form of Islam for Muslim to take and lead all the aspects of life including the economic activity. The Islamic economic system is believed to be the answer of the economic problems that exist at this time. The goal is to achieve falah in kaffah by not doing some economic activities that are in violation as prescribed by Islam. For example is riba. Discourse on riba can be said "classical" both in the development of Islamic thought and in Islamic civilization because riba often occurs in all aspects of public life, especially economic transactions (in Islam called muamalah). Riba is an additional retrieval, either in a sale and purchase transaction or lending in a false or contrary to the principle of muamalah in Islam. Prohibition of riba is obtained from various sources by the Qur'an and Hadith Rasulullah SAW, so the scholars firmly and clearly defined the prohibition of riba because there are exploitative elements that can harm the others. So, this study is aimed to identif yIslamic economic system and the prohibition of riba in historical perspective. From the results of this study is expected to be a good reference for the reader to understand the Islamic economic system and riba in the future.Saran sitasi: Budiantoro, R., Sasmita, R., & Widiastuti, T. (2018). Sistem Ekonomi (Islam) dan Pelarangan Riba dalam Perspektif Historis. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 4(01), 1-13. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v4i1.138

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs): Policy Response for Revival

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
Minaketan Behera ◽  
Sanghamitra Mishra ◽  
Niharika Mohapatra ◽  
Alok Ranjan Behera
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Fiscal Stimulus ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Market Linkage ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The outburst of COVID-19 has not only distressed the economic and social activities of Indian economy but also the world economy as a whole. Out of different economic activities, the micro, small and medium Enterprises (MSMEs) affected a lot. This article attempts to measure the contribution of MSMEs towards Indian economy and also attempts to find out the challenges and problems in pre- and during COVID period. We have used different descriptive statistics to measure the impacts of MSMEs and also use of correlation and co-integration to measure the relationship among the variables such as number of MSMEs, investment amount, employment and output. This pandemic is an exceptional shock for MSMEs. It is evident that there is a high degree of significant positive correlation among the variables. Johansen’s co-integration analysis resulted in the rejection of the null hypothesis signifying the existence of long-run co-integrating relationship. Given the extensive COVID-19 chaos, the government needs to establish an ongoing monitoring system and declare urgent relief steps to improve the MSMEs sector’s confidence. E-market linkage for MSMEs should be promoted, and fiscal stimulus should increase for this sector. The Government of India should take various measures to improve Indian MSMEs and achieve the vision of Self-reliant India.

scholarly journals PLASTIC CARDS AS THE MAIN SECTOR OF CASHLESS PAYMENTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Kushu ◽  
Y. A. Sobka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Motivational Aspect ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
Single Strategy ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses the impact of plastic cards on minimizing the risks of the organization. Non-cash payments - is an integral part of the management of financial and economic activities of the banking sector within the framework of a single strategy of economic development, which is a process of systematic use of the optimal legal methods and methods to establish the desired future financial condition of the object in terms of limited resources and the possibility of their alternative use. The process of using plastic cards should be considered in a number of ways. The organizational aspect assesses the degree of formalization and regulation of the use of cashless payments. It is clear that the higher the degree of regulation of procedures, the higher the predictability and manageability of the process of cashless payments. Coordination is the degree of coordination among the participants. It is the result of a high degree of regulation of the process or effective operational work of the Department of non-cash payments. The methodology reflects the compliance of plastic cards calculation methodology adopted by the company, its production characteristics and financial and economic structure. The value of the motivational aspect of non-cash payments is that it makes it possible to stimulate the results of the work of the head, or the entire Department of non-cash payments. Stimulation is made by means of inclusion in the budget of division of the bonus Fund which can be used for payment of awards to employees of division and its head. The need to calculate Bank cards is inherent in the legislation itself, which provides for certain regimes for different situations, allows different methods for calculating the tax base and offers various benefits if they act in the desired directions to the authorities. In addition, the process of calculating plastic cards is due to the interest of the state in providing a number of advantages in order to stimulate any sphere of production, category, regulation of socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Psychological conditions for the prevention of recidivism

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
A.V. Sechko
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Delinquent Behavior ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Psychological Conditions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Time Parameters ◽  
High Degree

The article analyzes the results of a study of recidivism conducted in England, Denmark, Canada, Nigeria, Portugal, New Zealand, the USA, and Scotland. Objective and subjective determinants have been identified that make it possible to predict with a high degree of probability the subsequent criminal prosecution violation, its time parameters. The psychological portrait of the recidivist is described, stress factors of delinquent behavior are revealed. The driving forces of decriminalization of former criminals are revealed. This is an intensive probationary period under the auspices of mentors who are able to build trusting relationships with parole through consistent, non-judgmental actions with the simultaneous possibility of playing the role of guardians of young people in difficult social and criminal settings in solving their economic problems.

scholarly journals Exploring Challenges in Space Syntax Theory Building: The Use of Positivist and Hermeneutic Explanatory Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akkelies van Nes ◽  
Claudia Yamu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Market Rationality ◽  
High Degree

The planning and building of sustainable cities and communities yields operational theories on urban space. The novelty of this paper is that it discusses and explores the challenges for space syntax theory building within two key research traditions: positivism and hermeneutics. Applying a theory of science perspective, we first discuss the explanatory power of space syntax and its applications. Next, we distinguish between theories that attempt to explain a phenomenon and theories that seek to understand it, based on Von Wright’s modal logics and Bhaskar’s critical realism models. We demonstrate that space syntax research that focuses on spatial configurative changes in built environments, movement and economic activities can explain changes in a built environment in terms of cause and effect (positivism), whereas historical research or research focusing on social rationality, space and crime or cognition seeks to develop an understanding of the inherent cultural meaning of the space under investigation (hermeneutics). Evidently, the effect of human intentions and behaviour on spatial structures depends on the type of rationality underlying these intentions, which is the focus of this study. Positivist explanatory models are appropriate for examining market rationality in cases that entail unambiguous intentionality and that are associated with a high degree of predictability. By contrast, other kinds of reasoning require a hermeneutic understanding.

Emerging Economies: Institutions and Entrepreneurship in the People’s Republic of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingling Wei ◽  
Di Ye ◽  
Jinghong Wei
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Power Struggles ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Institutional Oversight ◽  
High Degree

This study posits an important relationship between institutions and entrepreneurships: institutions have a significant impact on entrepreneurships, yet entrepreneurships have a limited impact on institutions. The first proposition of governance theory asserts that institutions are needed for running entrepreneurship effectively, and this study argues that governance is based on the interrelationships of actors and institutions. The second proposition asserts that both governments and institutions have responsibilities; likewise, this article argues that institutions and entrepreneurships have certain responsibilities for resolving societal and economic problems, although the primary responsibility lies with institutions. The third proposition asserts that collective action exists in conjunction with power struggles between governments and institutions, leading to the argument in this article that although some collective action between institutions is caused by institutional power struggles, entrepreneurships contribute to this power struggle through the requirement of reporting to varying institutions. The fourth proposition asserts that governance relies on self-government of certain actors (but not all), which is supported by the argument in this study that while some entrepreneurships are self-governing, others need more guidance by institutions. This suggests that some entrepreneurships have greater oversight by institutions, which may lead to additional benefits for those entrepreneurships. The final proposition asserts that institutions need to be able to act independently, and this study argues that although there is a high degree of dependence between institutions and entrepreneurships, it is expected that entrepreneurships can complete certain activities without institutional oversight.

scholarly journals Integrating Dimensions of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Within Umranic Framework

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atih Rohaeti Dariah ◽  
Muhammad Syukri Salleh ◽  
Mahyudin Bin Yahaia ◽  
Ade Yunita Mafruhat
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Equitable Distribution ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Islamic Economic

This paper aims to suggest an integration of dimensions, especially economic, social, environmental, and politics that are embedded in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within a framework called Umran. This Umranic framework hails from the idea of distinguished Muslim philosopher, historian and sociologist Ibn Khaldun, that is based on Islamic doctrines. As the present integration of the dimensions seems to be problematic, an exploration into the integration within Umranic framework is believed to be potentially a contributive endeavor. Based on an overview of literatures and a content analysis, this paper found that integrating dimensions of SDGs within the Umranic framework appears in the triangle of relationship between God, humans, and environment. This triangle exists in the form of an Islamic economic system. In this system, economic activities of natural resource utilization in various types of ownership undertake the sustainability dimension, that is the environmental protection and the promotion of equitable distribution, followed by the implementation of management of ownership and distribution rights according to Islamic rules. The pre-requisite on the part of the players is the high levels of spirituality. The application of this Islamic economic system followed by its political dimension will guarantee the achievement of SDGs even though it needs adjustment to a number of SDGs’ indicators that are not in accordance to Islamic teachings.

scholarly journals Sejarah Pemikiran Ekonomi Islam Pada Masa Daulah Bani Umayyah dan Bani Abbasiyah

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nurul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Time

This article is the result of an analysis of economic history in the past which is to answer economic problems during the Umayyad and Abasiyyah Daulah,economic activities carried out during the Daulah Bani Umayyah and BaniAbasiyyah. This research uses the Historical Method by using secondarysources originating from December. which literature has been previouslyreviewed and analyzed. While in the approach the writer uses a historicalapproach. This approach is used by the author in order to reveal the economicproblems of the Umayyad and Abasiyyah Bani. From the research results, itcan be seen that the development of Islamic economics in the Umayyad andAbbasid dynasties was an economic policy formed based on the ijtihad of thefuqoha and ulama as a consequence of the increasingly distant time spanbetween the Prophet's life and the reign. The abbasiyah caliph or the dynasty ofthe children of the abbot, as said to continue the rule of the Umayyad dynasty.His power lasted a long time. During the Abbasiyah dynasty in power wherethe patterns of government applied varied according to political, social andcultural changes. Keywords: Economy, Caliph, Islam

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Generating the Arabic Term: آليات توليد المصطلح العربي- دراسة في المعجم الموحد لمصطلحات اللّسانيات-

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najat Amhamad Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Scientific Concepts ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Complex Subject

    The discussion of the term issue is a complex subject that requires a lot of effort and time. It has provoked controversy among the various researchers for which they will try to solve these problems. In fact, terminology is the key to science, and we can never discover a science and its logic if we do not master its terminology. As a result of the explosion of knowledge in the world on the various fields of science, we find that the Arabic language is forced to keep pace with this scientific development and this wealth of terminology. This will only be achieved with the investment of specialists in this language by creating terminologies to name the scientific concepts that come from the West every day. For this, we will try in this study to address the subject of the creation of the Arabic term and the mechanisms to introduce it into the dictionary for all that is derivation, sculpture, translation, Arabization and renaissance of heritage. In addition, demonstrate the ability of the dictionary of linguistics in the unification of the latter between Arab scholars and attempt to eliminate the confusion in the dictionary and gaps that have been neglected by the Arab Organization.   ، ،،،،، 

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