Evaluasi Program Seleksi Di Sekolah “XM” Dengan Metode Evaluasi CIPP

JEMAP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Yosua Hoggy Parulian Purnomo ◽  
Thomas Budi Santoso ◽  
Thomas Budi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Teacher Selection ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Selection Program ◽  
Teacher Standards ◽  
Interview Training ◽  
Process Product

This research is an evaluation research which aims to determine the implementation of the teacher selection program that has been taking place and to find out what improvement needed in the teacher selection program. The evaluation method used is the CIPP evaluation (Context, Input, Process, Product). Researchers evaluated the psychotest, interviews, microteaching and decision making activities with CIPP. The results of this study indicate that the interview and microteaching activities have not achieved their goals. Its necessary to make improvement to the : teacher standards needed by school, interview instruments, microteaching instruments and interview training for the interview officers.

scholarly journals Evaluasi implementasi kebijakan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan program 4 tahun dalam meningkatkan employability lulusan

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
Soenarto Soenarto ◽  
Muhammad Mustaghfirin Amin ◽  
Kumaidi Kumaidi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Program Policy ◽  
Process Product

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi menggunakan model CIPPO (context, input, process, product, and outcomes) yang bertujuan mengungkapkan tingkat employability lulusan SMK 4 tahun dengan menggunakan SMK 3 tahun sebagai base line. Sampel penelitian adalah delapan SMK 4 tahun dan delapan SMK 3 tahun dengan melibatkan 544 orang sebagai subyek penelitian. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Kurikulum SMK 4 tahun dan 3 tahun menggunakan kurikulum nasional yang dikembangkan berdasarkan kebutuhan Dunia Usaha Dunia Industri (DU/DI); (2) Kompetensi lulusan SMK 4 tahun seluruhnya berkategori sangat baik, sedangkan SMK 3 tahun 64% sangat baik; (3) menurut DU/DI, lulusan SMK 4 tahun unggul dalam kedisiplin, keuletan, kemampuan teori, kemampuan praktek, rasa percaya diri, ketelitian, kreativitas, dan kepemimpinan; (4) Kompetensi guru SMK 4 tahun unggul dalam membimbing siswa, menghasilkan bahan ajar, mengembangkan bengkel, dan membangun kerja sama dengan DU/DI; (5) sarana dan prasarana SMK 3 dan 4 tahun memiliki kemiripan kondisi; (6) pembiayaan SMK 4 tahun melibatkan alumni sedangkan SMK 3 tahun tidak; (7) Kecepatan mendapat pekerjaan, jumlah lulusan yang bekerja, dan penghasilan lulusan SMK 4 tahun lebih baik dari pada SMK 3 tahun; dan (8) Kepuasan kerja lulusan SMK 4 tahun lebih baik daripada lulusan SMK 3 tahun. EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 4-YEAR PROGRAM POLICY OF VOCATIONAL SECONDARY SCHOOL IN IMPROVING GRADUATES’ EMPLOYABILITYAbstractThe aim of this research is to disclose the employability level of 4-year Vocational Secondary School (or Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK)) graduates by using 3-year SMK as the base-line. This research is an evaluation research using CIPPO (context, input, process, product, and outcomes) model. The sample of the research is eight 4-year SMK and eight 3-year SMK, and it involves 544 persons as the research subjects. The data were collected by observation, questionnaire, interview and documentation, and analyzed quantitatively by using descriptive statistic analysis. The research result shows that: (1) 4-year and 3-year SMKs are using national curriculum developed based on the needs of Bussiness & Insdustrial Performer (DU/DI), (2) the competency of all (100%) the 4-year SMK graduates are ‘very good’, while only 64% 3-year SMK graduates is ‘very good’, (3) based on DU/DI’s stand point, the 4-year SMK graduates is better in 8 aspects (discipline, tenacuty, theoretical knowledge, practical skill, self-independence, carefullness,  creativity and leadership), (4) 4-year SMK teacher is better in guiding the students, producing learning material, developing workshop, and cooperating with DU/DI, (5) 4-year SMK has similiar condition of facilities with 3-year SMK, (6) 4-year SMK funding system is better than the 3-year SMK by involving the alumni, (7) 4-year SMK graduate is better in number of working graduates, income, and speed to get jobs, (8) 4-year SMK graduate are more satisfied with their job than the 3-year graduate.

scholarly journals EVALUATION THE COACHING PROGRAM OF TENNIS TEAM OF BANGKA BELITUNG PROVINCE IN PON XIX WEST JAVA 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Kurnia Tahki ◽  
Mulyana Mulyana ◽  
James Tangkudung
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Input Process ◽  
West Java ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interactive Data ◽  
Model Context ◽  
Process Product

Coaching in every sport should be a planned and continuous process so as to achieve the expected goal. A well-developed and executed coaching program is also capable of being evaluated in order to make improvements over time. The purpose of this research is to get information about coaching program of Pelatda’s TennisTeam of Bangka Belitung Province in PON XIX West Java 2016. This research was conducted in Jakarta, Bandung and Bangka Belitung from February to December 2016, before and after PON XIX West Java 2016.This evaluation research using qualitative method with evaluation model Context, Input, Process, Product or CIPP according D.Stufflebeam (2002). Data collection was done by interview, observation, documentation study and interactive. Data sources in this research are: Youth and Sports Office of Bangka Belitung Province, KONI of Bangka Belitung Province, coaches of pelatda, PELTI of Bangka Belitung Province.The results concluded that: (1). The evaluation component of context stage is considered sufficient (59.26%). (2). The evaluation component of input stage is considered sufficient (65,63%). (3). The evaluation component of process stages is considered less (42.86%). (4). The evaluation component of product stage is considered to be very less (28,58%).   Keywords:       Evaluation, Coaching Program, Tennis Team of Bangka Belitung Province, PON XIX West Java 2016

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kurikulum Berbasis Entrepreneur di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 4 Surakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Puji Hujria Suci
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Expert Judgement ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Process Product

<p align="justify"><em>Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi (evaluation research) dengan menggunakan model CIPP (context, input, process, product). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada SMK N 4 Surakarta. Kurikulum entrepreneur diterapkan pada kompetensi keahlian Tata Busana dan Tata Boga. Populasi pada penelitian ini terdiri dari guru produktif sebanyak 38 responden, siswa kelas entrepreneur sebanyak 132 siswa dan siswa non entrepreneur (Kecantikan dan Perhotelan) sebanyak 108 responden sehingga total responden dari siswa sebanyak 240 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah angket, wawancara, chek list, dan dokumentasi. Uji validitas dilakukan dengan validitas isi yaitu expert judgement. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan uji perbandingan antara siswa entrepreneur dengan siswa non entrepreneur (Kecantikan dan Perhotelan) dengan mengunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1)  Kriteria Context, Input, Process, Product yang di peroleh dari An</em><em>g</em><em>ket A (Respon guru) dan angket B ( Respon siswa) Berdasarkan nilai Skweness menunjukan hasil yang baik dan perlu dipertahankan, (2) hasil perbandingan siswa entrepreneur dengan siswa non entrepreneur dengan uji Chi-square dari kriteria input, process, product menunjukan perbedaan yang signifikan</em><em>.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals EVALUASI PROGRAM MUSYAWARAH GURU BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING SMP/MTS KOTA SALATIGA TAHUN 2012 – 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Maria Evangeli Onate ◽  
Prof. J.T Lobby Loekmono, Ph.D
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Model Context ◽  
Process Product

<p><em>This study aimed to evaluate the context, input, process, and product of Guidance and Counseling Teachers Deliberation Program (MGBK) at SMP / MTs Salatiga year of 2012-2015. This study was evaluation research using CIPP model (Context, Input, Process, Product) developed by Stufflebeam. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews, observation, study of documentation and FGD (focus group discussion). The validity test used data triangulation. The results of this study showed that 1) the context evaluation of the objective set by MGBK program was in the unfavorable category, while the analysis of the needs was in the sufficient category; 2) the input  evaluation indicated that the human resources namely committee and speakers of MGBK was in the very good category, while the MGBK members was in the good category. Furthermore, sources of funding and supporting infrastructure of MGBK program implementation was in the good categoriy; 3) the process evaluation was in the sufficient category although not all the programmed activities can be implemented; 4) the  product of the implementation of the MGBK program was in the sufficient category</em>.</p>

scholarly journals Applying the context, input, process, product evaluation model for evaluation, research, and redesign of an online master’s program

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Sancar Tokmak ◽  
H. Meltem Baturay ◽  
Peter Fadde
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Product Evaluation ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Process Product

<p>This study aimed to evaluate and redesign an online master’s degree program consisting of 12 courses from the informatics field using a context, input, process, product (CIPP) evaluation model. Research conducted during the redesign of the online program followed a mixed methodology in which data was collected through a CIPP survey, focus-group interview, and open-ended questionnaire. An initial CIPP survey sent to students, which had a response rate of approximately 60%, indicated that the Fuzzy Logic course did not fully meet the needs of students. Based on these findings, the program managers decided to improve this course, and a focus group was organized with the students of the Fuzzy Logic course in order to obtain more information to help in redesigning the course. Accordingly, the course was redesigned to include more examples and visuals, including videos; student-instructor interaction was increased through face-to-face meetings; and extra meetings were arranged before exams so that additional examples could be presented for problem-solving to satisfy students about assessment procedures. Lastly, the modifications to the Fuzzy Logic course were implemented, and the students in the course were sent an open-ended form asking them what they thought about the modifications. The results indicated that most students were pleased with the new version of the course.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluasi Pengelolaan Laboratorium Komputer di SMKN Keahlian TKJ Kota Padang

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Mardhiah Masril ◽  
Ambiyar ◽  
 Fahmi Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Laboratory Computer ◽  
Process Product

Goals evaluation research ini untuk menggambarkan keefektifan pengelolaan laboratory computer pada jurusan TKJ di SMKN Kota Padang ditinjau dari dimensi konteks, input, proses, dan produk. Pada evaluation research ini melakukan pendekatan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Model evaluasi yang diimplementasikan ialah evaluasi model CIPP : Context, Input, Process, Product. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dan alat pengumpul data berupa angket, lembar observasi dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian yang terdiri dari 4 Kepala SMKN, 4 Wakil kepala sekolah bidang sarana dan prasarana, 4 Kajur TKJ, 4 Kepala Lab. Komputer, 21 guru TKJ, dan 168 siswa TKJ kelas XI tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian pada Jurusan TKJ di SMKN Kota Padang mengatakan bahwa: (1). Segi konteks, keefektifan pengelolaan laboratory computer pada kondisi sangat baik dengan pencapaian skor persentase sebesar 86,96%; (2). Dilihat dari segi input keefektifan pengelolaan laboratory computer kondisi sangat baik dengan pencapaian skor rata-rata sebesar 86,46%; (3). Dilihat segi process keefektifan pengelolaan laboratory computer dalam kondisi baik dengan pencapaian skor rata-rata sebesar 7,0%; dan (4). Dilihat segi product keefektifan pengelolaan laboratory computer dalam keadaan baik dengan skor pencapaian sebesar 77,06%.

scholarly journals Evaluasi program aksara kewirausahaan anyaman bambu dalam upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat di PKBM Prima Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Galih Sumarah Erilantu
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
Need Analysis ◽  
Marketing Analysis ◽  
Process Product

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan: (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) hasil, dan (4) dampak dari program aksara kewirausahaan anyaman bambu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi dengan menggunakan model CIPPO, yang terdiri dari context, input, process, product, dan outcome. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pengelola, tutor, peserta didik di Dusun Ngori, Desa Kedawung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data melalui  reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik keabsahan data melalui triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Perencanaan program meliputi dua hal. Pertama context yaitu: (a) analisis kebutuhan peserta didik dan potensi wilayah, (b) tujuan program untuk menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan bagi aksarawan baru dengan memanfaatkan potensi wilayah, dan (c) waktu pembelajaran disesuaikan dengan profesi peserta didik. Kedua input yaitu: (a) sarana dan prasarana program, (b) anggaran dana yang berasal dari dana APBN, dan (c) latar belakang pendidikan tutor adalah SMA hingga perguruan tinggi. (2) Pelaksanaan program yaitu process yang meliputi: (a) peserta didik sangat antusias mengikuti pembelajaran, (b) strategi pembelajaran menggunakan prinsip pendidikan orang dewasa, dan (c) sumber belajar menggunakan modul dan buku bacaan. (3) Hasil program yaitu product: (a) peserta didik mengalami peningkatan kompetensi berwirausaha, (b) pemasaran dilakukan melalui inkubator bisnis, dan (c) harga jual ditentukan berdasarkan analisis pasar dan kebutuhan konsumen. (4) Dampak program yaitu outcome: (a) terbangunnya sikap wirausaha, (b) peningkatan status sosial ekonomi, (c) berkurangnya angka pengangguran, dan (d) hasil produksi yang mampu bersaing dan diterima oleh masyarakat.Kata Kunci: evaluasi, aksara kewirausahaan, pemberdayaan masyarakat AbstractThis research aims to reveal: (1) planning, (2) implementation, (3) results, and (4) impact of the Aksara Kewirausahaan bamboo woven program implementation. This research was evaluation research which employed the CIPPO model consisting of context, input, process, product, and outcome. This research employed the qualitative approach. The subjects were the managers, tutors, and learners in Ngori, Kedawung. Observation and interviews were conducted to obtain the data. The process of the interview was also recorded. The data were analyzed by conducting data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The data triangulation was conducted to check the validity. The result is as follows. (1) The plan of the Aksara Kewirausahaan bamboo woven program consists of the context and the input. The context includes: (a) the need analysis of the potential area and the learners, (b) the purpose of the program to create jobs for new learners utilizing the area potential, and (c) the time for learning suited for learners’ profession. The input includes: (a) the preparation of program infrastructure, (b) the provision of the budget from APBN, and (c) the tutor educational background of senior high school to bachelor degree. (2) The process includes: (a) that the learners were enthusiastic in joining the program,  (b) that the tutor uses the teaching strategy for adult learners, and (c) that the learners also learned from modules and books. (3) The result includes: (a) that the learners’ entrepreneurship increases after joining the program, (b) that the products are sold through business incubator, and (c) that the product price is determined by marketing analysis and consumers’ needs. (4) The outcome includes: (a) that the learners have entrepreneurial skills from the program, (b) that the learners’ economy status increases, (c) that the learners have a job so the unemployment rate decreases, and (d) that the products can compete and be accepted by the consumers.Keywords: evaluation, aksara kewirausahaan, society empowerment

scholarly journals EVALUASI PROGRAM PENYEDIAAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU WILAYAH DKI JAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Riyawati Ika Dewi ◽  
Ahmansya ◽  
Diana Vivanti Sigit
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Space Program ◽  
Input Process ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Process Product

The reality, must be faced by DKI Jakarta as the National Capital of Indonesia is population. The estimation  data from the Jakarta Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2025, will be 11,034,000 people. This population is quite dense resulting in increased utilization of Natural Resources, and   declining the Jakarta Environmental Quality Index (IKLH). The 2016 IKLH is 38.69 and 2017 is 35.78 and this is the lowest IKLH among 33 Indonesian Provinces. The Provision Green Open Space Program is one of the methods used by the DKI Jakarta Government to maintain the environmental quality of DKI Jakarta.  For 2017 and 2018 did not reach the target for this program so it needs to be evaluated for the program that has been carried out in order to obtain in-depth findings. This research uses the evaluation method as Context, Input, Process Product (CIPP). Result: For the Context and Input components are in accordance with the expectations set while the Process and Product components do not meet the expectations set. Conclusion: Success of the program can be achieved if using innovative and creative ways and program evaluation must be done thoroughly by involving various supporting parties to find out the obstacles of program implementation

scholarly journals Evaluasi Implementasi Pembelajaran Praktik Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Rias dan Kecantikan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Erin Flowriza ◽  
Rahmiati Rahmiati
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Sequential Explanatory ◽  
Model Context ◽  
Process Product

Penelitian ini bertujuan untu mengganalisis evaluasi implementasi pembelajaran tematik selama pandemic covid-19. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah evaluasi (Evaluation Research) dengan model Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kombinasi (Mixed Method) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif secara urutan pembuktian (sequential explanatory). Pendekatan kuantitatif pada penelitian ini menggunakan pengolahan statistik dan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pwngumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, wawancara, maupun observasi kepada subjek penelitian. Responden penelitian evaluasi untuk pendekatan kuantitatif adalah mahasiswa semester 5 yang sedang mengambil Mata Kuliah Wajib (Pembelajaran Praktik) Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Rias dan Kecantikan yang telah menerapkan pembelajaran praktik dimasa pandemi Covid-19 selama satu semester. Responden untuk penelitian kualitatif adalah staf pengajar Mata Kuliah Wajib Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Rias dan Kecantikan telah menerapkan pembelajaran praktik dimasa pandemi Covid-19 selama satu semester. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk indikator hasil (product) implementasi pembelajaran praktek dimasa pandemi covid-19 program studi pendidikan tata rias dan kecantikan diperoleh sebesar 3,91 dengan tingkat pencapaian 78,22%. Dapat disimpulkan implementasi pembelajaran praktik selama pandemic covid-19 sudah berjalan dengan cukup baik. Namun pelaksanaan pembelajaran praktik masih menimbulkan beberapa kendala. Adanya evaluasi implementasi pembelajaran praktik dapat meningkatkan proses pembelajaran menjadi optimal.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM MADRASAH TAHFIDZ KEMENAG DIY DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI SE-KOTA YOGYAKARTA

Ta dib ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Afiq Fikri Almas ◽  
Imam Machali
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Embedded Model ◽  
High Level ◽  
Process Product

Abstract: The Implementation of Madrasa Tahfidz program of Ministry of Religion DIY has not been evenly distributed. This was the basis for the researchers to evaluate the program especially in MAN 1 and MAN 2 Yogyakarta. This evaluation research used an objective-oriented approach to measure the objective level of achievement program and used mixed methods with a concurrent embedded model. The CIPPO (Context, Input, Process, Product, and Outcome) evaluation model was used to analyze the program. The researcher used purposive sampling and snowballing sampling techniques in determining the subjects. The results show that overall the Madrasa Tahfidz program was quite effective because input, process, and outcomes of evaluated CIPPO components were optimally fulfilled. It is produce recommendations for revising the program, because there are still 2 components cannot be assessed as effective and still need continuous improvement. Context has not been effective because student need components are more needed in improving of reading Quran rather than memorizing. The product of program is not yet effective because referring to three measuring instruments that produce an average measurement result at a moderate level with a percentage (46.6%), either by sex, origin of madrasa and class of students, and haven’t reached a high level.  Abstrak: Implementasi program Madrasah Tahfidz Kementerian Agama DIY belum merata antara satu madrasah dan lainnya. Hal inilah yang menjadi dasar bagi peneliti untuk mengevaluasi program tersebut terutama di MAN 1 dan MAN 2 Yogyakarta. Penelitian evaluasi ini menggunakan pendekatan yang berorientasi pada tujuan untuk mengukur tingkat pencapaian program dan menggunakan metode campuran dengan model concurrent embedded. Model evaluasi CIPPO (Context, Input, Process, Product, and Outcome) digunakan untuk menganalisis program. Peneliti menggunakan purposive sampling dan teknik snowballing sampling dalam menentukan subjek yang berkualitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas keseluruhan program Madrasah Tahfidz "cukup efektif" karena input, proses, dan outcome dari komponen CIPPO yang dievaluasi terpenuhi secara optimal, dan menghasilkan rekomendasi untuk merevisi program, karena masih ada 2 komponen yang tidak dapat dinilai efektif dan masih perlu perbaikan terus menerus. Konteks belum efektif karena komponen kebutuhan siswa lebih dibutuhkan dalam meningkatkan membaca Alquran dari pada menghafal. Produk program belum efektif karena merujuk pada tiga instrumen pengukuran yang menghasilkan hasil pengukuran rata-rata pada tingkat sedang dengan persentase (46,6%), baik berdasarkan jenis kelamin, asal madrasah atau kelas siswa, dan belum mencapai tingatakan yang tinggi.

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