scholarly journals Effects of Supplementing Drinking Water with Mixed Herb Extract or Outdoor Access on Meat Quality Characteristics in Broiler Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 647-660
Author(s):  
Iwona Skomorucha ◽  
Ewa Sosnówka-Czajka ◽  
Renata Muchacka
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Group I ◽  
Herb Extract

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the effects of supplementing drinking water with an extract of mixed herbs or housing with outdoor access on carcass traits, levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and selected quality parameters of meat from broiler chickens. One-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated to three groups: group I (control), in which birds were kept in compartments on litter and had no outdoor access; group II, in which birds were kept in compartments on litter without outdoor access and were supplemented with an extract of mixed herbs (50% Melissa officinalis L. and 50% Urtica dioica L.) at 2 ml/l of drinking water; and group III, in which birds were raised in compartments on litter and had outdoor access from day 1 of rearing. Throughout the rearing period, the broilers had free access to feed and water. On day 42, 20 birds were selected from each group, slaughtered and subjected to simplified slaughter analysis. Their breast and leg muscles were measured for pH, colour, water holding capacity (WHC) and drip loss, and analysed for the content of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and fatty acids. The outdoor access reduced dressing percentage, both with (P≤0.01) and without giblets (P≤0.05). The supplementation of drinking water with the mixed herb extract (2 ml/l) improved the muscle antioxidant status (higher SOD, CAT and GSH content) and reduced lipid peroxidation in the leg muscles of the broilers (lower MDA level). In general, the supplementation of the diet with the mixture of herbs in the applied form and concentration, as well as the outdoor access had no effect on the other examined quality parameters of broiler meat.

The use of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard when rearing of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
L. Gamko ◽  
T. Tarinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Meat

It is known that necessary to replace the components of organic acids, which are part of acidifiers when drinking water to poultry in order to prevent the adaptation of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. In the poultry industry organic acids are widely used, which are used as acidifiers to preserve the properties of water consumed. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of broiler meat production when using acidifying agents of drinking water Aquasafe and Veleguard. The experimental part of the work has been performed in JSC “Kurinoe Tsarstvo-Bryansk” broiler area “Roshcha” in the Pochepsky district. The object of research was the livestock of broiler chickens cross Cobb 500 at floor housing. The effect of water acidifiers on meat productivity has been studied. Groups of chickens have been formed on the principle of pairs-analogues. Broiler chickens of experimental groups have been separated from the main livestock by a grid in the corner of the room for 100 heads in each group. It has been found by a result of research to be optimal dose usage of acidifying agents water Aquasafe and Veleguard to drink to broiler chickens. The positive effect of these acidifiers on the digestion of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, contributing to the effective use of nitrogen, which led to an increase in the intensity of growth, young animals’ livability and improved feed conversion. Slaughter yield in the control group was 55,1 %, and in the experimental group 57,2 and 58,4 %, which was by 2,1 and 3,3 % higher with the same level of metabolic energy and nutrients. In chickens that consumed acidifi ers more intensively used nutrients feed for deposition in the body of the components of the carcass, which affected the production. A positive impact of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard on meat quality in broiler chickens has been found.

Protective effect of L-carnitine against oxidative damage caused by experimental chronic aflatoxicosis in quail (Coturnix coturnix)

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Citil ◽  
V. Gunes ◽  
O. Atakisi ◽  
Ayla Ozcan ◽  
M. Tuzcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Aflatoxin ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Group I ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and whole blood reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations in experimentally-induced chronic aflatoxicosis in quails. For this purpose, a total of 80 quails up to 8 weeks old were divided into four equal groups. Group I served as control, Group II was given L-carnitine at the dose of 200 mg/litre in the drinking water for 60 days, Group III was given 60 µg total aflatoxin/kg diet for 60 days, and Group IV was given both 60 µg total aflatoxin/kg diet and 200 mg L-carnitine/litre in the drinking water for 60 days. Aflatoxin treatment caused a significant increase in plasma MDA and a significant decrease in blood GSH concentrations. On the other hand, there was a significant decrease in plasma MDA and a significant increase in whole blood GSH in the L-carnitine-supplemented group. The present study demonstrated that L-carnitine brought about the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by enhancing antioxidant capacity in quails with chronic aflatoxicosis.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics and tissue depletion of doxycycline administered at high dosage to broiler chickens via the drinking water

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pai-Feng Hsiao ◽  
Shao-Kuang Chang ◽  
Tien-Huan Hsu ◽  
Kuang-Po Li ◽  
Chi-Chung Chou
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Withdrawal Time ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Disease Spectrum ◽  
Maximum Residue Levels ◽  
Current Maximum ◽  
Residue Levels

The recommended use of doxycycline (DC) to broiler chicken is 100 mg/L via the drinking water and a 7-day withdrawal time (WDT). However, study of a higher dosage is desirable because of the possible increase of antimicrobial resistance and disease spectrum. Tissue DC residues exceeding the current maximum residue levels (MRL) was our major concern. Therefore, serum concentration and tissue depletion of DC hyclate after administration of 200 mg/L of DC in the drinking water for five consecutive days were studied. The steady-state DC concentration (8.3 ± 0.9 μg/mL) was reached on the third day of medication. The elimination constant (0.05 ± 0.01 1/h), half-life (14.9 ± 1.4 h), area under concentration versus time curve (81.0 ± 9.9 h·μg/mL) and mean residence time (22.7 ± 2.5 h) were obtained using a non-compartmental pharmacokinetic model. It was determined that the current 7-day WDT regulation was still legitimate for the kidney and liver as well as for the breast and leg muscles, which were estimated by linear regression analysis of the 99% upper distribution limit. The unregulated heart and gizzard were considered safe even when the lowest MRL of muscle (100 ng/g) was applied. While at the present time the extra-label use of drugs is only allowed under specific conditions, in the future it may become necessary to increase the general dosage of DC, and the current results suggest a safe range of DC hyclate in chicken; however, skin/fat tissue residues warrant further studies.

scholarly journals Phytobiotics, a Natural Growth Promoter for Poultry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Krauze
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Nutrient Assimilation ◽  
Water Feed ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
And Performance

Genetic advance aimed at accelerating the growth rate of slaughter birds have reduced the natural resistance of poultry to infections. It also increased susceptibility to stress, which resulted in deterioration of the welfare and productivity of poultry. Additionally, intensive poultry production poses a risk of exposure of chickens to unfavorable zoo-hygienic conditions and contamination with pathogens from the external environment (bedding, water, feed, hen house staff, sick birds in the flock). Due to the potential production losses, measures are taken to improve the health and effectiveness of bird rearing, for example by using growth stimulants and improving the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome and improving metabolism and the work of the immune system. The addition of phytobiotics to feed or drinking water supports digestion and metabolism in the body, stimulates the growth and development of a useful microbiome, limits the multiplication and adhesion of pathogens, and improves the structure and functioning of enterocytes. The aim of this study is to present the health benefits resulting from the use of phytobiotics in poultry production, as well as to make people aware of the dangers of incompetent incorporation of herbs into feed mixtures or into drinking water. Due to the fact that not all species of animals react equally to a given plant, the selection of plant materials should be carefully considered and matched to the expected benefits. By using phytobiotics you can improve growth and performance of broiler chickens, through greatly improve digestion and nutrient assimilation. Plant additives can improve health through stimulate immunity and increase resistance to stress. Using of phitobiotics improve the quality of meat and eggs, increase the weight of valuable parts of carcass (pectoral and leg muscles) and stimulate laying. Unfortunately, due to the potentially toxic effect of an excess of certain herbs on the work of the liver, and the adverse changes in the palatability of eggs, use caution in the use some herbs e.g. of garlic, turmeric, rapeseed, alfa alfa, shiny privet or moringa.

scholarly journals Wheat litter and feed with aluminosilicates for improved growth and meat quality in broiler chickens

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11918
Author(s):  
Mirosław Banaszak ◽  
Jakub Biesek ◽  
Marek Adamski
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Leg Muscles

Background Natural minerals have many beneficial properties in poultry production, taking into account production as well as hygiene, health, safety, and quality of broiler meat. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of aluminosilicates in feed and litter on the growth performance and meat quality in chickens. Aluminosilicates, including halloysite and zeolite, could be a good alternative for synthetics, as a good solution for the environment in line with the current trends. Methods Five-hundred male Ross 308 chickens were managed in 5 groups (10 replicates/group): LITTER: 1, control; 2, 0.95 kg/m2 of halloysite; 3, 0.475 kg/m2 of halloysite and 0.475 zeolite; 4, 0.95 kg/m2 of zeolite; 5, 0.25 kg/m2of halloysite and 0.7 kg/m2 of zeolite. FEED: groups 2–5, halloysite and zeolite addition (25:75 ratio; 0.5–2%). Growth performance (body weight and feed indicators), carcass, and meat quality (pH, colour, water-holding capacity, chemical composition of muscles) were recorded. The experimental setup, where the aluminosilicate additives were applied simultaneously, was proposed and approved by experts after pilot testing and on the basis of extensive literature where feed or litter additives were tested. Results Body weight and its gain were higher in groups 3 and 4 than in 1, and feed intake was higher in 4. The weight of the carcass and some of its components, including muscles and skin with subcutaneous fat, were higher in 2–4. Water loss from leg muscles was lower in 4. The content of protein in muscles was significantly higher in 3. The addition of aluminosilicates in feed and litter had a positive effect on the growth performance and some traits of carcasses and meat quality, especially in group 3. Halloysite and zeolite can be used in feed and litter (especially 0.475 kg/m2 for each mineral in the wheat litter).

scholarly journals The dynamics of humoral protection factors in broilers under the conditions of probiotic preparations application

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 264-267
Author(s):  
M.M. Romanovych
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Group I ◽  
Experimental Group

The health of farm poultry depends on the balance between normal and potentially pathogenic intestinal microflora. Any changes in this equilibrium are accompanied by functional impairments, which, in turn, lead to a decrease in productivity. The use of probiotics helps to avoid imbalance of intestinal microflora and death of young animals. In this connection, it is relevant to study the effects of probiotic drugs to improve the vitality and immune function of the poultry. The purpose of the research was to clarify the effect of BPS-44 and different amounts of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the activity of the humoral level of natural resistance in chicken broilers. Experiments were carried out on broiler chicks-308 grown in the Fedyuk M farm in the Zolochiv district of Lviv oblast. The maintenance of the chickens was cellular with free access to feed and water. Technological parameters of broiler cultivation (temperature and light regime) were in accordance with the norms of ONTP-2005. Experiments were conducted in 4 groups of broiler chickens of 100 chicks in each according to the scheme: the control group was fed with the standard feed (SC) according to the existing norms recommended for the ROSS-308 cross; the experimental group I in addition to the SC received a probiotic BPS-44 (registration certificate No. 2154-04-0254-06 dated November 24, 2006), based on the production strain of bacteria Bacillus subtilis ssp. subtilis 44-p, dose 0.21 g/kg, the experimental group II – 1% yeast Saccharomyces cerévisiae; the experimental group III of chickens – 2% yeast Saccharomyces cerévisiae. Blood was taken from chickens in order to carry out immunological research at different age intervals: 11, 27, 34 and 41 days of age. Blood serum was determined by bactericidal and lysozyme activity and the content of circulating immune complexes. The stimulatory effect of BPS-44 and yeast Saccharomyces cerеvisiae in the composition of mixed fodder for broiler chickens on the dynamics of the formation of humoral protection factors in the bird organism was established. At the same time, in the conditions of use of yeast Saccharomyces cerэvisiae in the composition of mixed fodder, a higher level of indices of the humoral level of non-specific resistance was recorded, than the preparation BPS-44.

scholarly journals The effect of adding herbal extracts to drinking water on body temperature, level of thyroid hormones and H:L ratio in the blood of broiler chickens exposed to elevated ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Skomorucha ◽  
Ewa Sosnówka-Czajka
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Temperature Level ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Group I

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the effect of supplementing drinking water with extracts from lemon balm, sage and nettle on body temperature, level of thyroid hormones and the heterophil to lymphocyte (H:L) ratio in the blood of broiler chickens exposed to elevated rearing temperature. One-day-old Ross 308 chicks were divided into four groups: group I (CON) and experimental groups II (LB), III (S) and IV (N), in which, from 22 to 42 days of rearing, drinkers were supplemented with lemon balm extract, sage extract or nettle extract (2 ml/l water), respectively. In addition, at 5 weeks of growth, all the groups were exposed to elevated ambient temperature (up to 30°C) for 5 days, after which the recommended thermal conditions were reinstated. During the study, mortality, rectal temperature and radiated temperature of the broilers were monitored. Blood was collected from 10 birds per group to determine the concentration of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and to make blood smears. The H:L ratio was determined based on the percentage of heterophils (H) and lymphocytes (L). The herbal extracts from lemon balm, sage and nettle, added to drinking water at 2 ml/l, reduced the blood level of the thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine) and rectal temperature in the experimental broilers during the initial period of thermal stress. Chickens receiving the nettle extract were also characterised by lower radiated temperature of the unfeathered body, a lower H:L ratio in the blood during the increase in ambient temperature, and the lowest mortality percentage. It can therefore be considered that the dietary supplementation of nettle, in the form and concentration used in this study, had the most favourable effect on the physiological status of the birds (body temperature, level of thyroid hormones and H:L ratio) ratio exposed to elevated ambient temperatures (30oC), and thus on their welfare.

scholarly journals Weight of selected muscles as an indicator of the lean meat and fat content of broiler carcasses (Short Communication)

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
K. Kleczek ◽  
K. Wawro ◽  
E. Wilkiewicz-Wawro ◽  
W. Makowski
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
The Right

Abstract. The objective of this study was to test whether the weight of selected arm and leg muscles and breast muscles may be used as an indicator of the content of lean meat and skin, including subcutaneous and abdominal fat, in the carcasses of broiler chickens. The experimental materials comprised 40 Ross 308 chicks aged 42 days (sex ratio 1 : 1). A total of 17 muscles were dissected from the right wing and the right leg. The right and left breast muscles were also dissected. Coefficients of simple correlation between the weight of individual muscles and selected slaughter quality parameters were calculated. The highest correlation was found between the lean meat content of a carcass and the weight of the right and left breast muscles (r=0.81 and 0.82 respectively), m. gastrocnemius mediale (r=0.81) and m. peroneus superficialis (r=0.73). The prediction of the weight of skin and fat in the carcasses of broilers based on the weight of single muscles may be unreliable due to low and non-significant values of correlation coefficients (r from 0.04 to 0.29). The weight of this tissue component was significantly correlated (r=0.42) with breast muscle weight only.

scholarly journals The effect of sex and rearing system on carcass composition and cut yields of broiler chickens

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bogosavljevic-Boskovic ◽  
V. Kurcubic ◽  
Petrovic MD ◽  
V. Radovic
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Broiler Meat Quality

The objective of this study is an analysis of meat quality in broilers of standard fast-growing hybrid Hybro G, reared in two different non-industrial systems (extensive rearing in a poultry house or &ldquo;extensive indoor&rdquo; system and rearing in a poultry house using a free range or &ldquo;free-range&rdquo; system). Quality parameters, i.e. proportions of basic carcass parts (breasts, drumsticks and thighs), abdominal fat, and proportions of basic tissues (muscles, bones and skin) in more valuable carcass parts, were investigated. The aim of the investigation was to analyse the effect of the two non-industrial rearing systems and broiler sex on the above-mentioned traits of broiler meat quality. The used rearing systems (free-range and extensive indoor ones) did not have a statistically significant effect on the proportions of major basic carcass parts and of abdominal fat in broiler chickens (P &gt; 0.05). Heavier carcasses at slaughter (on the 56<sup>th</sup> day of fattening) were recorded in the male broilers compared to the female ones, the differences being statistically significant (P &lt; 0.01). The drumstick proportion in the male broiler carcasses was statistically significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) than the proportion in the female broilers. The interaction between the investigated effects (of sex and rearing system) did not exert a statistically significant effect on the proportions of major basic carcass parts and abdominal fat in broiler chickens (P &gt; 0.05). The rearing system (free-range and extensive indoor) and the interaction between the investigated effects (of sex and rearing system) did not affect statistically significantly the differences expressed in the meat, skin and bone proportions in breasts, drumsticks and thighs of the broilers (P &gt; 0.05). The sex effect on the skin proportions in breasts, drumsticks and thighs was not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). Average muscle proportions in drumsticks and thighs of the female broilers were statistically highly significantly (P &lt; 0.01) and significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher compared to those in the male broilers. Average bone proportions in the breasts of the male broilers were statistically significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) than those in the female ones, and statistically highly significantly higher (P &lt; 0.01) in drumsticks and thighs. &nbsp;

Jerusalem Artichokes Stimulate Growth of Broiler Chickens and Protect Them against Endotoxins and Potential Cecal Pathogens

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2171-2175 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIGITTA KLEESSEN ◽  
N. A. A. E. ELSAYED ◽  
U. LOEHREN ◽  
W. SCHROEDL ◽  
MONIKA KRUEGER
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens

Control of intestinal pathogens during the earliest phases of broiler production may be the best strategy for the reduction of human pathogens on processed broiler carcasses. The recent ban on antibiotics in poultry feed has served to focus much attention on alternative methods of controlling the gastrointestinal microflora. A field trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of the fructan-rich Jerusalem artichoke, or topinambur (administered as 0.5% topinambur syrup in drinking water), on cultural numbers of selected cecal bacteria (total aerobes, Enterobacteriaceae, Bdellovibrio spp., and Clostridium perfringens) and levels of bacterial endotoxins as well as on body weights and relative weights of organs (the pancreas and the bursa of Fabricius) of chickens in the first 35 days of life (with weekly investigations being conducted). One-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to experimental (with topinambur) and control (without topinambur) groups. They were allowed free access to a standard broiler diet without growth-promoting antibiotics. Topinambur treatment resulted in a significant increase (P &lt; 0.01) in cecal counts of B. bacteriovorus, which parasitizes susceptible gram-negative pathogens. Topinambur led to significantly smaller numbers of total aerobes, Enterobacteriaceae, and C. perfringens as well as to reduced levels of endotoxins in the blood compared with those for control birds. Increased body weights resulting from topinambur consumption were observed on day 35 of the trial period (P &lt; 0.05). The relative weights of the pancreas and the bursa of Fabricius, however, were higher (P &lt; 0.05) for topinambur-treated broilers than for control birds at the ages of 14, 21, 28, and 35 days. These results indicate that a small amount of topinambur in broilers' drinking water has a beneficial effect on growth performance, reduces bacterial endotoxin levels, and suppresses potential pathogens in broilers' ceca.

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