scholarly journals Strategi Pengurangan Sampah Plastik di Laut Pada Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Nusa Penida : Studi Kasus Pulau Nusa Lembongan

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
I Kadek Yogi Wiantara ◽  
I Gede Hendrawan ◽  
Widiastuti Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Coastal and marine areas on small islands have a higher vulnerability to the impact of plastic waste, where plastic is a material that is difficult to decompose. Nusa Lembongan Island is one of the small islands that is included in the Marine Protected Area (MPA) and is one of the world's marine tourism destinations with various tourism activities in it. Tourism activities have a large enough opportunity for plastic waste pollution in the environment. This study aims to develop a priority strategy for reducing plastic waste based on the approach of internal and external factors on the island of Nusa Lembongan using the analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT), and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Data were collected by observation, literature study, interviews, and questionnaires. Respondents were determined by purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The results of the data obtained were analyzed using the SWOT method which resulted in alternative strategies which were then analyzed using the AHP method. The results of the study indicate that the priority strategy is to maximize environmental facilities and add segregated waste bins to create mutually beneficial relationships with groups of self-management services and to realize the prevention of the use of single-use plastic waste as stated in Pergub Bali no. 97 of 2018 take advantage of the support of local NGOs to carry out synergistic and sustainable socialization.

scholarly journals The Impact of State Intervention on Social Capital of Fishermen Community in Small Islands

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-259
Author(s):  
Sakaria J Anwar ◽  
Lala M Kolopaking ◽  
Rilus A Kinseng ◽  
Aida Vitayala S. Hubeis
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Political Capacity ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Show

This paper aims to discuss the impact of state intervention on social capital of fishermen community in small islands. The research was conducted in Barrang Lompo Island, Makassar. The data was collected through in-depth interview and limited observation from twelve informants determined by snowball sampling. Questionnaires were also spread to about 40 respondents. The data was then analyzed qualitatively to explain researchs data and facts. The results of the research show that state intervention for the last ten years on small islands communities has impact on various aspects such as the diminishing loyalty and trust among locals to the government. Therefore, the intervention reduce the communitys participation, individually and collectively, in development activities. The situation, in turn, could affect the diminishing political capacity of the locals and government in the implementation of development in the islands. The state intervention, however, strengthened social solidarity, local value practices and the enthusiasm to understand religious values which in turn could tighten the internal bond of a community. This bond can become a potential strength to build communities in small islands.Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan dampak intervensi negara pada kapital sosial komunitas nelayan di pulau-pulau kecil. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pulau Barrang Lompo, Makassar. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi terbatas dari dua belas informan ditentukan oleh snowball sampling. Kuesioner juga menyebar ke 40 responden. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk menjelaskan data penelitian dan fakta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi negara selama sepuluh tahun terakhir pada masyarakat pulau-pulau kecil memiliki dampak pada berbagai aspek seperti, mengurangi loyalitas dan kepercayaan di antara penduduk setempat kepada pemerintah. Oleh karena itu, partisipasi mereka, secara individu dan kolektif, dalam kegiatan pembangunan kurang. Ini akan berakibat pada berkurangnya kapasitas politik penduduk setempat dan kapasitas pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan pulau. Kendati demikian intervensi negara juga memperkuat solidaritas sosial, praktek nilai lokal dan semangat untuk memahami nilai-nilai agama yang pada gilirannya dapat memperkuat ikatan internal masyarakat. Ikatan ini selanjutnya dapat menjadi kekuatan potensial untuk membangun masyarakat di pulau-pulau kecil.

scholarly journals The impact and effectiveness of the general public wearing masks to reduce the spread of pandemics in the UK: a multidisciplinary comparison of single-use masks versus reusable face masks.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Lisa Allison ◽  
Esther Ambrose-Dempster ◽  
Teresa Domenech Aparsi ◽  
Maria Bawn ◽  
Miguel Casas Arredondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Behavioural Research ◽  
Single Use ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the UK government has mandated the use of face masks in various public settings and recommends the use of reusable masks to combat shortages of medically graded single-use masks in healthcare. To assist decision-making on the choice of masks for future pandemics, where shortages may not be a contributing factor, the UCL Plastic Waste Innovation Hub has carried out a multidisciplinary comparison between single-use and reusable masks based on their anatomy, standalone effectiveness, behavioural considerations, environmental impacts and costs. Although current single-use masks have a higher standalone effectiveness against bacteria and viruses, studies show that reusable masks have adequate performance in slowing infection rates of respiratory viruses. Material Flow Analysis, Life Cycle Assessment and cost comparison show that reusable masks have a lower environmental and economic impact than single-use masks. If every person in the UK uses one single-use mask each day for a year, it will create a total of 124,000 tonnes of waste, 66,000 tonnes of which would be unrecyclable contaminated plastic waste (the masks), with the rest being the recyclable packaging typically used for transportation and distribution of masks.Using reusable masks creates >85% less waste, generates 3.5 times lower impact on climate change and incurs 3.7 times lower costs. Further behavioural research is necessary to understand the extent and current practices of mask use; and how these practices affect mask effectiveness in reducing infection rates. Wearing single-use masks may be preferred over reusable masks due to perceptions of increased hygiene and convenience. Understanding behaviour towards the regular machine-washing of reusable masks for their effective reuse is key to maximise their public health benefits and minimise environmental and economic costs.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Decision and Payment Habits and Its Relation with Wasting—Evidence from Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7337
Author(s):  
Zsófia Pintér ◽  
Katalin Tóth ◽  
Tibor Bareith ◽  
József Varga
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Payment Method ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
A Value ◽  
Electronic Access ◽  
Method Of Payment ◽  
Financial Awareness ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between overspending and the method of payment, to highlight its causes. The non-representative survey was conducted between 2020 and 2021 in Hungary (n = 499) using the snowball sampling of data collection. They examined the relationship between age, education, place of residence, and payment methods, and analyzed the impact of internal and external factors on cash consumption and sustainability. The results showed that the use of cash as a method of payment is characteristic with advancing age, and higher education has a higher willingness to pay electronically according to the examined sample, and the existence of electronic access is not related to the size of the settlement. It can be stated that the majority of respondents have no choice when choosing a payment method. The answers reflect confidence in electronic payment solutions (a value of 2.21 on a six-point scale). Each group believes that they can consciously plan their budget (alternative budget). With proper communication and awareness of these influencing factors, financial awareness can be strengthened.

scholarly journals Kebijakan Strategis Mitigasi Ancaman Peredaran Orbit Satelit terhadap Keamanan Nasional: Pendekatan Analytical Hierarchy Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herdis Herdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Satellite Orbit ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Space Technology ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hierarchy Process

The threat of circulating space orbit is considered by some to be a threat to the national security of one country, because the potential dangers such as space junk produce significant damage to affected areas. But until now Indonesia, despite ratifying the UN convention on space, does not yet have a comprehensive mitigation strategy. This study aims to create policy scenarios in mitigating the threat of satellite orbit circulation so that it can be used as an alternative policy formulation for relevant institutions. The research method is carried out with a mix method approach that is adjusted to each research objective such as using literature study and AHP analysis. AHP analysis shows that respondents want international cooperation to be built, both bilateral and multilateral cooperation must prioritize national security while upholding the values of friendship and mutual respect. Comprehensive space debris mitigation policies need to be formulated and defined as the basis for action. Considering that the impact of space debris is very dangerous and massive, the use of space technology is a necessity to be used to anticipate, deal quickly and minimize the impact of the disaster.

scholarly journals An Overview of Plastic Waste Generation and Management in Food Packaging Industries

Recycling ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Lindani Koketso Ncube ◽  
Albert Uchenna Ude ◽  
Enoch Nifise Ogunmuyiwa ◽  
Rozli Zulkifli ◽  
Isaac Nongwe Beas
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
High Population Growth ◽  
Single Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mixed Types ◽  
Land Water

Over the years, the world was not paying strict attention to the impact of rapid growth in plastic use. This has led to unprecedented amounts of mixed types of plastic waste entering the environment unmanaged. Packaging plastics account for half of the global total plastic waste. This paper seeks to give an overview of the use, disposal, and regulation of food packaging plastics. Demand for food packaging is on the rise as a result of increasing global demand for food due to population growth. Most of the food packaging are used on-the-go and are single use plastics that are disposed of within a short space of time. The bulk of this plastic waste has found its way into the environment contaminating land, water and the food chain. The food industry is encouraged to reduce, reuse and recycle packaging materials. A wholistic approach to waste management will need to involve all stakeholders working to achieve a circular economy. A robust approach to prevent pollution today rather than handling the waste in the future should be adopted especially in Africa where there is high population growth.

scholarly journals The impact and effectiveness of the general public wearing masks to reduce the spread of pandemics in the UK: a multidisciplinary comparison of single-use masks versus reusable face masks

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Lisa Allison ◽  
Esther Ambrose-Dempster ◽  
Maria Bawn ◽  
Miguel Casas Arredondo ◽  
Charnett Chau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
University College London ◽  
Single Use ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

During the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the UK government mandated the use of face masks in various public settings and recommended the use of reusable masks to combat shortages of medically graded single-use masks in healthcare. To assist decision-making on the choice of masks for future pandemics, where shortages may not be a contributing factor, the University College London (UCL) Plastic Waste Innovation Hub has carried out a multidisciplinary comparison between single-use and reusable masks based on their anatomy, standalone effectiveness, behavioural considerations, environmental impact and costs. Although current single-use masks have a higher standalone effectiveness against bacteria and viruses, studies show that reusable masks have adequate performance in slowing infection rates of respiratory viruses. Material flow analysis (MFA), life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost comparison show that reusable masks have a lower environmental and economic impact than single-use masks. If every person in the UK uses one single-use mask each day for a year, it will create a total of 124,000 tonnes of waste, 66,000 tonnes of which would be unrecyclable contaminated plastic waste (the masks), with the rest being the recyclable packaging typically used for transportation and distribution of masks. Using reusable masks creates >85% less waste, generates 3.5 times lower impact on climate change and incurs 3.7 times lower costs. Further behavioural research is necessary to understand the extent and current practices of mask use; and how these practices affect mask effectiveness in reducing infection rates. Wearing single-use masks may be preferred over reusable masks due to perceptions of increased hygiene and convenience. Understanding behaviour towards the regular machine-washing of reusable masks for their effective reuse is key to maximise their public health benefits and minimise environmental and economic costs.

scholarly journals The impact and effectiveness of the general public wearing masks to reduce the spread of pandemics in the UK: a multidisciplinary comparison of single-use masks versus reusable face masks.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Lisa Allison ◽  
Esther Ambrose-Dempster ◽  
Teresa Domenech Aparsi ◽  
Maria Bawn ◽  
Miguel Casas Arredondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Behavioural Research ◽  
Single Use ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the UK government has mandated the use of face masks in various public settings and recommends the use of reusable masks to combat shortages of medically graded single-use masks in healthcare. To assist decision-making on the choice of masks for future pandemics, where shortages may not be a contributing factor, the UCL Plastic Waste Innovation Hub has carried out a multidisciplinary comparison between single-use and reusable masks based on their anatomy, standalone effectiveness, behavioural considerations, environmental impacts and costs. Although current single-use masks have a higher standalone effectiveness against bacteria and viruses, studies show that reusable masks have adequate performance in slowing infection rates of respiratory viruses. Material Flow Analysis, Life Cycle Assessment and cost comparison show that reusable masks have a lower environmental and economic impact than single-use masks. If every person in the UK uses one single-use mask each day for a year, it will create a total waste of 124,000 tonnes, 66,000 tonnes of which would be unrecyclable contaminated plastic waste. Using reusable masks creates >85% less waste, generates 3.5 times lower impact on climate change and incurs 3.7 times lower costs. Further behavioural research is necessary to understand the extent and current practices of mask use, and its effectiveness in reducing infection rates. Wearing single-use masks may be preferred over reusable masks due to perceptions of increased hygiene and convenience. Understanding behaviour towards the regular machine-washing of reusable masks for their effective reuse is key to maximise their public health benefits and minimise environmental and economic costs.

scholarly journals Plastic waste release caused by COVID-19 and its fate in the global ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (47) ◽  
pp. e2111530118
Author(s):  
Yiming Peng ◽  
Peipei Wu ◽  
Amina T. Schartup ◽  
Yanxu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Plastic Debris ◽  
Plastic Model ◽  
Single Use ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased demand for single-use plastics that intensifies pressure on an already out-of-control global plastic waste problem. While it is suspected to be large, the magnitude and fate of this pandemic-associated mismanaged plastic waste are unknown. Here, we use our MITgcm ocean plastic model to quantify the impact of the pandemic on plastic discharge. We show that 8.4 ± 1.4 million tons of pandemic-associated plastic waste have been generated from 193 countries as of August 23, 2021, with 25.9 ± 3.8 thousand tons released into the global ocean representing 1.5 ± 0.2% of the global total riverine plastic discharge. The model projects that the spatial distribution of the discharge changes rapidly in the global ocean within 3 y, with a significant portion of plastic debris landing on the beach and seabed later and a circumpolar plastic accumulation zone will be formed in the Arctic. We find hospital waste represents the bulk of the global discharge (73%), and most of the global discharge is from Asia (72%), which calls for better management of medical waste in developing countries.

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

DETERMINING THE DESALINATION UNIT COMPOSITION FOR COSTAL AREAS AND SMALL ISLANDS USE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Setiadi ◽  
Dinda Rita K. Hartaja
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Comparison Research ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of the appropriate composition desalination units can be done with a variety of method approaches, one of the method is the Analytic Hierarchy Process. In determining the desalination unit with AHP method to consider is setting a goal, an alternative criteria and pairwise comparison. Research for the determination of the exact composition of the desalination unit in order to achieve sustainable drinking water suppy in coastal areas and small islands has been conducted. The results of the study are as follows, the energy demand of 50.83%, operator costs of 26.64%, maintenance costs of 14.13% and chemical requirement 8.4%. For an alternative composition desalination unit of RO 10 m3 / day is the best alternative composition with value of 59.61%, the composition of the next alternative is RO 20 m3/ day of 30.40% and the last alternative of the desalination unit composition is RO 120 m3/ day of 09.99%.Key words : Desalination, Mukti Stage Flash Composition, AHP

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