scholarly journals A Miniaturized Compact Wideband Partial Ground Antenna Used in RFID Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Sufyan Hazaa Ali ◽  
Ahmed H. R. Alfalahi ◽  
Yousif Azzawi Hachim
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Material ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Tangent Loss ◽  
Frequency Interval ◽  
Dielectric Thickness ◽  
Compact Antenna ◽  
Rfid Systems ◽  
Flexible Antenna ◽  
Compact Waveguide ◽  
Rfid Applications

In this paper, a new compact waveguide-fed flexible antenna is presented for RFID applications. This antenna is operated at the resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz. The proposed antenna is designed with small size on (43 × 30) mm2 epoxy substrate material type (FR4) used in the proposed antenna that has a dielectric thickness of 1.6 mm, the relative permittivity of 4.3 and tangent loss of 0.025 where the FR4 dielectric combines good electrical features, price, and availability. The return loss is less than −10 dB in the frequency interval (2.1 − 2.98) GHz. The maximum gain of the proposed antenna is 2.47 dB. The proposed antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth, and an omnidirectional radiation pattern with a small size has been achieved. The overall size of the compact antenna are (43 × 30 × 1.67) mm3. The Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software is used for simulation.

scholarly journals Design a Compact Coplanar Wideband Antenna Used in Radio Frequency Identification Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol sceeer (3d) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Sufyan Ali ◽  
Ahmed Reja ◽  
Yousif Hachim
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Tangent Loss ◽  
Frequency Interval ◽  
Dielectric Thickness ◽  
Frequency Identification

In this paper, a new compact coplanar antenna used for Radio frequency identification (FID) applications is presented. This antenna is operated at the resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz. The proposed antenna is designed on an epoxy substrate material type (FR-4) with small size of (40 × 28) mm2 in which the dielectric thickness (ℎ) of 1.6 mm, relative permittivity (er) of 4.3 and tangent loss of 0.025. In this design the return loss is less than −10 dB in the frequency interval (2.12 − 2.84) GHz and the minimum value of return loss is -32 dB at resonant frequency. The maximum gain of the proposed antenna is 1.22 dB and the maximum directivity obtained is 2.27 dB. The patch and the ground plane of the proposed antenna are in the same surface. The proposed antenna has a wide bandwidth and omnidirectional radiation pattern with small size. The overall size of the compact antenna is (40 × 28 × 1.635) mm3. The Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software is used for simulation and gets layout design.

scholarly journals Compact Tri-band Bandpass Filter Based on Asymmetric Step Impedance Resonators for WiMAX and RFID Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
Abdul Basit ◽  
Muhammad Irfan Khattak ◽  
Ayman Althuwayb ◽  
Jamel Nebhen
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Bandpass Filter ◽  
Coupled Resonators ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Rfid Systems ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies ◽  
Half Wavelength ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
One Step ◽  
Rfid Applications

In this article, a simple method is developed to design a highly miniaturized tri-band bandpass filter (BPF) utilizing two asymmetric coupled resonators with one step discontinuity and one uniform impedance resonator (UIR) for worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) and radio frequency identification (RFID) applications. The first and second passbands located at 3.7 GHz and 6.6 GHz are achieved through two asymmetric coupled step impedance resonators (SIRs), while the third passband, centered at 9 GHz, is achieved using a half-wavelength UIR, respectively. The fundamental frequencies of this BPF are implemented by tuning the physical length ratio (α) and impedance ratio (R) of the asymmetric SIRs. The proposed filter is designed and fabricated with a circuit dimension of 13.69 mm × 25 mm (0.02 λg × 0.03 λg), where λg represents the guided wavelength at the first passband. The experimental and measured results are provided with good matching.

scholarly journals Time-Efficient Cloning Attacks Identification in Large-Scale RFID Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-min Zhao ◽  
Ding Feng ◽  
Deng-ao Li ◽  
Wei Gong ◽  
Hao-xiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Rfid Systems ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Rfid Applications

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an emerging technology for electronic labeling of objects for the purpose of automatically identifying, categorizing, locating, and tracking the objects. But in their current form RFID systems are susceptible to cloning attacks that seriously threaten RFID applications but are hard to prevent. Existing protocols aimed at detecting whether there are cloning attacks in single-reader RFID systems. In this paper, we investigate the cloning attacks identification in the multireader scenario and first propose a time-efficient protocol, called the time-efficient Cloning Attacks Identification Protocol (CAIP) to identify all cloned tags in multireaders RFID systems. We evaluate the performance of CAIP through extensive simulations. The results show that CAIP can identify all the cloned tags in large-scale RFID systems fairly fast with required accuracy.

scholarly journals Single-Fed Broadband CP Bidirectional Antenna with Double-Layer Diagonally Aligned Plates for Universal UHF-RFID Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sitthichai Dentri ◽  
Khanet Pookkapund ◽  
Bancha Luadang ◽  
Prayoot Akkaraekthalin ◽  
Chuwong Phongcharoenpanich
Keyword(s):  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Axial Ratio ◽  
Double Layers ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Rectangular Plates ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Alignment Technique ◽  
Half Power ◽  
Rfid Applications

This research proposes a single-fed broadband circularly polarized (CP) bidirectional antenna operable in 840–960 MHz frequency band for readers of universal UHF-RFID applications. The proposed antenna is comprised of upper-layer conductor, lower-layer conductor, and wall patches. The upper-layer conductor consists of two diagonally aligned rectangular copper plates with a feeding gap at the center, and the lower-layer conductor is of two diagonally adjoined rectangular plates. The upper- and lower-layer conductors are adjoined with the wall patches. The diagonal alignment technique of the upper- and lower-layer plates was used to realize circular polarization and improve 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The double layers were deployed to improve impedance bandwidth (|S11| < −10 dB) and achieve bidirectional radiation pattern. The simulated impedance bandwidth and 3-dB AR bandwidth were 772.19–1014.6 MHz (27.13%) and 675–1000 MHz (38.80%), and the corresponding measured results were 759–1011 MHz (28.47%) and 648–1110 MHz (52.55%). The simulated LHCP/RHCP half-power beamwidth (HPBW), 3-dB AR beamwidth, and gain were 56° – 90°/54° – 92°, 60° – 104°, and 4.94 – 5.89 dBic, while the corresponding measured results were 52° – 98°/62° – 97°, 96° – 126°, and 4.28 – 5.72 dBic. As a result, the single-fed broadband CP bidirectional antenna is applicable to universal UHF-RFID readers. Besides, the novelty of this research lies in the use of diagonal alignment of conducting plates to achieve circular polarization and wider AR bandwidth.

scholarly journals Interrogation zone determination in HF RFID systems with multiplexed antennas

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jankowski-Mihułowicz ◽  
Mariusz Węglarski
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
System Configuration ◽  
Practical Utility ◽  
Rfid Systems ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Practical Usefulness ◽  
The Many ◽  
Specialized Measuring ◽  
Rfid Applications

Abstract The operation of an anti-collision RFID system is characterized by the interrogation zone which should be estimated in any direction of 3D space for a group of electronic transponders. The interrogation zone should be as large as possible. However, the many problems in this area are due to the fact that energy can be transferred to transponders only on a limited distance. The greatest flexibility in developing RFID applications and shaping the interrogation zone can be achieved using the system with an antenna multiplexer. Therefore the problem of the interrogation zone determination in HF RFID systems with two orthogonal RWD antennas is presented in the paper. The perceived issues have been effectively dealt with and the solution has been proposed on the basis of the elaborated model. Conducted studies have been used to develop the software tool JankoRFIDmuxHF in the Mathcad environment. The research results are analysed in an example system configuration. The specialized measuring stand has been used for experimental verification of the identification efficiency. The convergence of the measurements and calculations confirms a practical usefulness of the presented concept of interrogation zone determination in anti-collision systems. It also shows the practical utility of the developed model and software tools.

scholarly journals Design of a miniaturized wideband disc monopole antenna used in RFID systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 994
Author(s):  
Sufyan Hazzaa Ali ◽  
Ahmed Hameed Reja ◽  
Yousif Azzawi Hachim
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Network Analyzer ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Dielectric Thickness ◽  
Frequency Identification

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is an important wireless technology which utilizes radio frequencies (RFs) for exchanging data between two or more points (tags and readers), that represent an automatic identification (Auto-ID) system. This paper introduces an omnidirectional microstrip antenna operates at 2.45 GHz used for a radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. The length of the proposed antenna is 36.5 mm and the width is 27 mm. The substrate material which has been used as a base of antenna is FR4 that has dielectric constant value of 4.3 and dielectric thickness value of 1.6 mm. Regarding the resonance frequency, return loss of the proposed antenna design is -34.8 dB. A promising directivity outcome of 2.8 dB has been achieved with omnidirectional radiation pattern as well as an acceptable efficiency of 66%. The proposed antenna design accomplishes a wideband frequency of 1.21 GHz in the frequency range of (2.14  3.35) GHz. The computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio software has been used for implementing the proposed antenna design. The antenna design fabricatation and its characteristics have been measured using vector network analyzer (type MS4642A). The obtained results of the experimental design achieve a little bit differences as compared with the simulation results

scholarly journals Wearable Flexible Antenna for UWB On-Body and Implant Communications

Telecom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-301
Author(s):  
Mariella Särestöniemi ◽  
Marko Sonkki ◽  
Sami Myllymäki ◽  
Carlos Pomalaza-Raez
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Flexible Antenna

This paper describes the development and evaluation of an on-body flexible antenna designed for an in-body application, as well as on-body communications at ISM and UWB frequency bands. The evaluation is performed via electromagnetic simulations using the Dassault Simulia CST Studio Suite. A planar tissue layer model, as well as a human voxel model from the human abdominal area, are used to study the antenna characteristics next to human tissues. Power flow analysis is presented to understand the power flow on the body surface as well as within the tissues. Simulation results show that this wearable flexible antenna is suitable for in-body communications in the intestinal area, e.g., for capsule endoscopy, in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band and at lower ultra-wideband (UWB). At higher frequencies, the antenna is suitable for on-body communications as well as in-body communications with lower propagation depth requirements. Additionally, an antenna prototype has been prepared and the antenna performance is verified with several on-body measurements. The measurement results show a good match with the simulation results. The novelty of the proposed antenna is a compact size and the flexible substrate material, which makes it feasible and practical for several different medical diagnosis and monitoring applications.

scholarly journals Miniaturized Wideband Microstrip Antenna for Recent Wireless Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Shandal ◽  
Y. S. Mezaal ◽  
M. F. Mosleh ◽  
M. A. Kadim
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Wide Frequency Range ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Microstrip Resonator ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Compact Antenna ◽  
Wireless Applications

In this paper, a pentagon slot inside fractal circular patch microstrip resonator to design compact antenna over partial ground plane is introduced using 3rd iteration of adopted fractal geometry. This antenna is modeled on FR4 substrate with a size of (20 x 18) mm2, thickness of 1.5mm, permittivity of 4.3 and loss tangent of 0.02. The used type of feeding is microstrip line feed. It is designed to operate at wide frequency range of (4.5-9.3) GHz at resonant frequencies of 5.7GHz and 7.9GHz with impedance bandwidth of 4.8 GHz. Both lengths of ground plane Lg and width of feed line Wf are optimized in order to acquire optimum bandwidth. The simulated return loss values are -33 and -41 dB at two resonant frequencies of 5.7 and 7.9 GHz with gain of 3.2 dB. The simulated results offered noteworthy compatibility with measured results. Also, the proposed wideband microstrip antenna has substantial compactness that can be integrated within numerous wireless devices and systems.

An Improved Compact Antenna Design proposed for 5G Cellular Band

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Pathak ◽  
Guru Prasad Mishra ◽  
Biswa Binayak Mangaraj ◽  
Ashutosh Narayan
Keyword(s):  
High Gain ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Patch Area ◽  
Compact Antenna ◽  
High Data ◽  
Area Reduction ◽  
Compact Design

Several rectangular Microstrip Patch Antennas (MPAs) with different substrates are designed to achieve high gain and high data rate for the 5G cellular band. One of these which uses a Polymethacrylate / Rohacell 51 as substrate material provides a high gain of 10.054 dB and a moderate bandwidth of 80 MHz (2.28 % of f0). This MPA can be preferred for 5G cellular base station antenna in 3.3 GHz - 3.7 GHz with center frequency (f0) 3.5 GHz. Considering this high gain rectangular MPA, several compact MPAs are designed with the help of simple pin shorting and chip impedance shorting techniques. Simple pin shorting compact design provides a patch area reduction of 97.09 %, a gain of 3.77 dB, and a bandwidth of 60 MHz. Chip impedance shorting is preferred to overcome the effect of narrowband in simple shorting and rectangular MPA. One of these which provides an improved bandwidth of 170 MHz (4.86 % of f0) and significant gain of 1.51 dB with 93.575 % patch area reduction can be preferred for mobile devices for 5G cellular in 3.3 GHz - 3.7 GHz.

scholarly journals DGS based monopole circular-shaped patch antenna for UWB applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dattatreya Gopi ◽  
Appala Raju Vadaboyina ◽  
J. R. K. Kumar Dabbakuti
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Ground Structure ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Uwb Applications ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractA simple low profile defected ground structure based monopole circular-shaped patch antenna is proposing for ultrawide-band applications. The design allows for a simple and compact structure on the FR-4 substrate material. The proposed design initially has a meager antenna gain and bandwidth. To increase the antenna bandwidth and gain, the defective ground structure is implemented with four dumble-shaped slots. Parametric analysis is considered to find the radius of circular patch for tuning of UWB frequency applications. The proposed MCP antenna resonates at 2.9 GHz, 9.1 GHz frequencies with a S11 of − 34.84 dB, − 33.74 dB, respectively, and achieves 8.1 GHz (2.5–10.6 GHz) impedance bandwidth concerning the − 10 dB reference line of the reflection coefficient. The gains are 8.4 dBi, 8.2 dBi for the two resonant frequencies, and the radiation patterns are semi-omnidirectional, omnidirectional. The proposed antenna has-been validated by observing good agreement between the simulation and the measured results.

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