Подбор и оценка исходного материала в селекции картофеля на пригодность к переработке

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Gaizatulin ◽  
A.V. Mityushkin ◽  
A.A. Zhuravlev ◽  
A.V. Mityushkin ◽  
S.S. Salyukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Potato Variety ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Potato Products ◽  
Potato Slices ◽  
Selection Of

Представлены результаты оценки сортообразцов картофеля, потенциально пригодных к переработке на картофелепродукты по комплексу хозяйственно полезных признаков и выделены родительские формы для включения в различные комбинации скрещивания. Проведена оценка гибридных популяций от скрещивания родительских форм с различной степенью пригодности к переработке на основе анализа частоты встречаемости пригодных генотипов среди гибридов 1го клубневого поколения по цвету ломтиков хрустящего картофеля и содержанию редуцирующих сахаров в клубнях в динамике зимневесеннего холодного хранения (t 23 С). Установлено, что эффективность отбора пригодных гибридов, не требующих рекондиционирования, зависит от генотипа родительских форм и направления использования их в качестве компонентов скрещивания.The results of the evaluation of potato variety samples potentially suitable for processing into potato products on a complex of economically useful features are presented and parental forms for inclusion in various combinations of crossing are identified. Assessed in hybrid populations by crossing parental forms with different degrees of suitability for processing into potato products. The frequency of genotypes occurrence among hybrids of the 1st generation of tubers suitable for processing by the color of crispy potato slices and the content of reducing sugars in tubers in the dynamics of winterspring cold storage (t23 C) was analyzed. It is established that the efficiency of selection of suitable hybrids that do not require conditioning depends on the genotype of parental forms and the direction of their use as components of crossing.

ANALISIS BEBAN PENDINGINAN PADA COLD STORAGE UNTUK PENYIMPANAN DAGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Ratu Mutia Fajarani ◽  
Yopi Handoyo ◽  
Raden Hengki Rahmanto
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
External Cooling ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Load Calculation ◽  
Selection Of

Cooling is the best preservation method than others because the food that has been cooled will remain fresh and will not experience a change in taste, color and aroma, besides all the activities that cause decay will stop so that the cooled food will last longer. (Hartanto, 1984). With the proper cooling engine planning, it can help with spatial adjustments, adjustments to loading, estimation of the power to be used, and budget plans. That is what is commonly called the cooling load calculation. Calculation of cooling load needs to be carried out before planning. This is necessary because the magnitude of the pending load is very influential on the selection of the cooling engine so that the freezing point for preserving food can be accurate. Pendiginan burden is influenced by external and internal factors. With the experimental method, it is obtained the results of the external cooling load as the external cooling load is 11.6 kW, the inner cooling load is 138.8 kW and the performance work coefficient (COP) is 2.

Combination of ribosome and phage display for fast selection of high affinity VHH antibody fragments

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
YuE Kravchenko ◽  
SV Ivanov ◽  
DS Kravchenko ◽  
EI Frolova ◽  
SP Chumakov
Keyword(s):  
Phage Display ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Free System ◽  
Phage Displays ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Vhh Antibodies ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of antibodies using phage display involves the preliminary cloning of the repertoire of sequences encoding antigen-binding domains into phagemid, which is considered the bottleneck of the method, limiting the resulting diversity of libraries and leading to the loss of poorly represented variants before the start of the selection procedure. Selection in cell-free conditions using a ribosomal display is devoid from this drawback, however is highly sensitive to PCR artifacts and the RNase contamination. The aim of the study was to test the efficiency of a combination of both methods, including pre-selection in a cell-free system to enrich the source library, followed by cloning and final selection using phage display. This approach may eliminate the shortcomings of each method and increase the efficiency of selection. For selection, alpaca VHH antibody sequences suitable for building an immune library were used due to the lack of VL domains. Analysis of immune libraries from the genes of the VH3, VHH3 and VH4 families showed that the VHH antibodies share in the VH3 and VH4 gene groups is insignificant, and selection from the combined library is less effective than from the VHH3 family of sequences. We found that the combination of ribosomal and phage displays leads to a higher enrichment of high-affinity fragments and avoids the loss of the original diversity during cloning. The combined method allowed us to obtain a greater number of different high-affinity sequences, and all the tested VHH fragments were able to specifically recognize the target, including the total protein extracts of cell cultures.

MODERN CONDITION AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN WHITEHEAD BREED

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
S. L. Voitenko ◽  
L. V. Vishnevsky
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Future ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The article shows the state of Ukrainian Whiteheaded cattle, which includes distribution of cattle, the number of animals belonging to respective bloodlines, evaluation of young animals with live weight in the process of growing and milk production of cows during the first lactation. It reflects the historic development of the breed when it was colonism whiteheaded cattle, which turned into the original breed, undergone a significant expansion in livestock and increase of productivity, decreased in the number, was as basis for creation of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and now bred only in one breeding farm. Visual estimation of animal exterior showed good development of cows and calves and their belonging to the dairy type. In the vast majority the cows of the herd have a black suit, a white head with " glasses" around the eyes, white belly, udder, lower legs and brush of the tail. The youngsters aren’t consolidated by the exterior, and among them there are animals which are not typical for Ukrainian Whiteheaded breed. The young animals have some lag in live weight behind the breed standard [12] to 7 months’ age with exceeding of this trait in certain periods quite significantly in the future. It was established that selection of heifers on live weight will be effective at the early age (1-5 months), given the coefficient of variation of live weight – 22,63-30,21% and will not have a significant influence in the future. Milk yields of first-calf heifers vary considerably depending on the origin. The milk yield of first-calf heifers in the herd was 4238,5 kg on average, the heifers belonging to Mart 171 and Ozon 417 bloodlines had the best milk performance – 4483,1 and 4254,9 kg accordingly. The most aligned milk yield during the first lactation was in the cows belonging to Ozon 417 bloodline, the limits of the trait are 4128,5-4327,4 kg with the average value by the line 4254,9 kg. In contrast, the first-calf heifers of Ryezvyi 33 bloodline with average milk yield 4048,9 kg had limits of the trait 2199,3-4736,1 kg. Even greater range in cows’ milk yield during the first lactation R= 4939 kg (limits 1687 – 6626 kg) is characterized for the herd in general, it shows, on the one hand, the possibility of qualitative improvement of cows’ productivity due to selection on the investigated trait and lack of selection in the herd on the other hand. It was established that daughters of bull Chardash belonging to Ryezvyi 33 bloodline produced 4736,1 kg of milk for 305 days of the first lactation with fat content 3,6%, whereas Zlak’s descendants of the same line were characterized by the lowest milk yield for the first completed lactation – 2199,3 kg with fat content 3,7% and the average value by the line – 4048,9 kg of milk, fat content 3,6%. Similar variability of first-calf heifers’ milk yields, depending on the origin, is typical for other bloodlines of Ukrainian Whiteheaded breed. To increase milk productivity of Ukrainian Whiteheaded cows is recommended to repeat successful combinations of parental forms, and to preserve the breed – to carry out an objective assessment of animals by a range of traits, given the efficiency of selection of heifers on live weight at early age.

scholarly journals Acrylamide reduction in potato chips by selection of potato variety grown in Iran and processing conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 2556-2561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Shojaee-Aliabadi ◽  
Hooshang Nikoopour ◽  
Farzad Kobarfard ◽  
Mahdi Parsapour ◽  
Maryam Moslehishad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Variety ◽  
Potato Chips ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Asparagine accumulation in chicory storage roots is controlled by translocation and feedback regulation of asparagine biosynthesis in leaves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanoella Soares ◽  
Leonard Shumbe ◽  
Nicholas Dauchot ◽  
Christine Notté ◽  
Claire Prouin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Negative Feedback Loop ◽  
List Type ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Selection Of

SummaryThe presence of acrylamide (AA), a potentially carcinogenic and neurotoxic compound, in food has become a major concern for public health. AA in plant-derived food mainly arises from the reaction of the amino acid asparagine (Asn) and reducing sugars during processing of foodstuffs at high temperature.Using a selection of genotypes from the chicory germplasm we performed Asn measurements in storage roots and leaves to identify genotypes contrasting for Asn accumulation. We combined molecular analysis and grafting experiments to show that leaf to root translocation controls asparagine biosynthesis and accumulation in chicory storage roots.We could demonstrate that Asn accumulation in storage roots depends on Asn biosynthesis and transport from the leaf, and that a negative feedback loop by Asn on CiASN1 expression impacts Asn biosynthesis in leaves.Our results provide a new model for asparagine biosynthesis in root crop species and highlight the importance of characterizing and manipulating asparagine transport to reduce AA content in processed plant-based foodstuffs.

MAGNETIC SELECTION OF TRANSDUCED CELLS USING NOVEL SURFACE MARKERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 194-196
Author(s):  
O.F Kandarakov ◽  
A.V. Bruter ◽  
A.V. Petrovskaya ◽  
A.V. Belyavsky
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Cell Selection ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The possibility of using HA- and FLAG–tags embedded into CD52 surface protein for magnetic separation of transduced cells in vitro was investigated. The efficiency of selection of transfected cell lines, both with single and binary tags, was shown to exceed 85%. Thus, surface markers on the basis of CD52 protein with integrated HA- and FLAG-tags are applicable for cell selection by the MACS method.

scholarly journals Identification of a New Variety of Avocados (Persea americana Mill. CV. Bacon) with High Vitamin E and Impact of Cold Storage on Tocochromanols Composition

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Vincent ◽  
Tania Mesa ◽  
Sergi Munne-Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Short Term ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Nutritional Vitamin ◽  
Selection Of

(1) Background: Tocochromanols are a group of fat-soluble compounds including vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols) and plastochromanol-8, and just one avocado can contain up to 20% of the required vitamin E daily intake. (2) Methods: HPLC and LC-MS/MS analyses were performed in avocados of various varieties and origin for the identification and quantification of tocopherols, tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8. After selection of the variety with the highest vitamin E content, we evaluated to what extent short- (4 h) and long-term (10 d) cold storage influences the accumulation of tocochromanols. (3) Results: Analyses revealed that “Bacon” avocados (Persea americana Mill. cv. Bacon) were the richest in vitamin E compared to other avocado varieties (including the highly commercialized Hass variety), and they not only accumulated tocopherols (with 110 µg of α-tocopherol per g dry matter), but also tocotrienols (mostly in the form of γ-tocotrienol, with 3 µg per g dry matter) and plastochromanol-8 (4.5 µg per g dry matter). While short-term cold shock did not negatively influence α-tocopherol contents, it increased those of γ-tocopherol, γ-tocotrienol, and plastochromanol-8 and decreased those of δ-tocotrienol. Furthermore, storage of Bacon avocados for 10 d led to a 20% decrease in the contents of α-tocopherol, whereas the contents of other tocopherols, tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8 were not affected. (4) Conclusions: It is concluded that Bacon avocados (i) are very rich in α-tocopherol, (ii) not only contain tocopherols, but also tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8, and (iii) their nutritional vitamin E value is negatively influenced by long-term cold storage.

scholarly journals Variability of morphometric indicators of honey bees bred in Almaty region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.A. Nuralieva ◽  
A.A. Baisabyrova ◽  
G.A. Moldakhmetova ◽  
K.A. Temirbayeva ◽  
R.Zh. Shimelkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Selection Of

One of the ways to intensify the production of beekeeping products is selection. Bee breeding is not only one of the most important methods, but also the most economically efficient way to increase the productivity of bee colonies. Thus, the selection of bees and the implementation of its achievements into production are one of the most important and most effective directions for intensifying beekeeping. Research work was carried out under the project of program-targeted financing of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic "Development of technologies for effective management of the selection process in beekeeping." This article examines the characteristics of the morphometric indicators of honeybees in the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The material for the research was the specimens of worker bees from apiaries located in the Almaty region of the Devochkin farm, Panov farm, Kalinin Individual Entrepreneur, Adilgazy Individual Entrepreneur, Kashkimbaev farm. To carry out the study according to the method of A.B. Kartashev, 35 samples of bees were worked out. Changes in the parameters of the wings, including the cubital and dumbbell index, discoidal displacement by bee species: Central Russian, Carpathian, Italian and Carniolian honey bee, are considered. It was found that in Kalinin’s apiary morphometric indicators for the cubital index, the average value was 2,787%. As a result, the morphometric indices for the cubital index in bees of the IP Kalinin bee were 2.777%. Whereas in other farms, the average value was significantly lower for all indicators. Accordingly, the percentage of the cubital index was 7.42-17.36%, the dumbbell index was 6.77-11.81%, and the discoidal displacement was 32.91-47.37%. According to all indicators, it is clear that the Kalinin Individual Entrepreneur’s bee farm is superior to other bee farms in terms of morphometric data. This is due to the isolation of the beekeeping and out of reach of other bees, thus ensuring a low level of hybridization. The considered analysis of the species belonging to the entire apiary, as well as economically useful features, can significantly increase the efficiency of selection work in beekeeping.

scholarly journals PEMILIHAN STARTER CAIR UNGGUL UNTUK FERMENTASI BIJI KAKAO

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
NFN Misgiyarta ◽  
Anas Miftah Fauzi ◽  
Khaswar Syamsu ◽  
S Joni Munarso
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Fermentation Temperature ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Kualitas biji kakao fermentasi rendah  karena kualitas starter mikroba untuk fermentasi biji kakao rendah. Seleksi starter mikroba diperlukan untuk mendapatkan starter yang unggul. Ada dua jenis starter, yaitu starter cair dan starter kering. Starter cair banyak digunakan untuk fermentasi biji kakao. Starter yang diuji adalah starter cair, yaitu starter Inoka, starter cair BB-Pasca, dan starter <em>yoghurt</em>. Seleksi starter mikroba dilakukan dengan memfermentasi pulp biji kakao selama 24 jam pada berbagai suhu fermentasi (20<sup>o</sup>C, 30<sup>o</sup>C, dan 40<sup>o</sup>C). Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah total mikroba, laju pertumbuhan mikroba starter, tingkat konsumsi gula pereduksi oleh mikroba starter, total asam yang diproduksi, tingkat penurunan pH, dan peningkatan suhu fermentasi serta korelasi antara parameter pengamatan penelitian. Starter cair unggul yang terpilih adalah starter cair Inoka. Karakteristik starter Inoka adalah memiliki tingkat laju pertumbuhan μ = 0.470, konsumsi gula pereduksi oleh mikroba starter 12%, peningkatan asam total 7%, penurunan pH 5,2, dan peningkatan suhu fermentasi 1,56<sup>o</sup>C  serta korelasi antara parameter penelitian di atas 0,61.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Selection of Superior Liquid Starters for Cocoa Beans Fermentation</strong></p><p>The quality of fermented cocoa beans varies because the microbial starter for fermented cocoa beans varies. The selection of starter is needed to get a superior starter. The starter tested is a liquid starter, that is the Inoka starter, the BB-Pasca liquid starter, the yoghurt. The selection of starter is done by fermenting cocoa bean pulp for 24 hours at various fermentation temperatures (20<sup>o</sup>C, 30<sup>o</sup>C and 40<sup>o</sup>C). The parameters observed were total microbial count, microbial growth rate of starter, consumption of reducing sugars by starter microbes, total acid produced, decrease of pH, and increase of fermentation temperature and the correlation between the parameters of the study. The selected superior liquid starter is the Inoka liquid starter. The characteristics of Inoka starter are to have a growth rate of μ = 0.470, consumption of reducing sugars by starter microbes 12%, total acid increase of 7%, decrease in pH 5.2, and increase in fermentation temperature of 1.56<sup>o</sup>C and correlation between research parameters above 0.61.</p>

scholarly journals The model of selecting multimodal technologies for the transport of perishable products

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Leleń ◽  
Mariusz Wasiak
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Transport Cost ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Perishable Products ◽  
Safety Criterion ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Perishable Goods ◽  
Multimodal Transport ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The main goal of this paper is to provide an original model of selecting multimodal technologies for the transport of perishable goods. The model in particular refers to the transportability of cargoes. The features of cargoes that have the most impact on transportability were specified. Formal representations of the key elements of the model were presented and characterized, including: perishable cargoes, form of transported goods (solid, liquid, etc.), means of handling (including loading devices and transport means), transport routes, categories of human labor, multimodal technologies and transportation tasks. A formal representation of decision variables, as well as constrains and a criterion function were provided. The model bases on two main solution assessment criteria: cost criterion and cargo safety criterion. A cargo safety criterion in the model is composed of 18 partial criterion functions. Each of these functions directly affects one safety aspect of the transported cargo. The exemplary partial criteria of cargo safety included in the model are: acceptable transport time, minimum or maximum temperature in the cargo’s direct surroundings, resistance to mechanical damage. In order to present a practical application of the presented mathematical model the paper shows also an example of selecting one of the multimodal technologies for the transport of perishable goods from the set of pre-defined types of multimodal transport technologies. The developed method uses different elements of the mathematical model provided in the paper, depending on the considered problem (including characteristics of cargo and their transport forms). For a significant group of perishable cargoes, it is not required to consider all defined criteria associated with cargo safety. The developed model allows for the accurate selection of transport technology for perishable cargoes for most transportation tasks. It should help to increase the efficiency of selection of multimodal transport technology for perishable products. The selected technology will then be characterized by the lowest transport cost and will ensure the safety of transported cargoes, as well as will meet other requirements determined by the transport task. As part of further work, it is possible to develop proposed method by considering additional characteristics of perishable cargoes.

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