Fighting Covid-19 Strength and Challenges of Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1416-1419
Author(s):  
Nayana Rathod ◽  
Pradnya Dandekar
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Definite Treatment

In this 21st century, the whole globe is facing the pandemic of Covid- 19. This infectious disease has extended its clutches over all the nations. This is a novel virus, which has no any definite treatment modality till date. Many nations have implemented Lockdown measures, to prevent and cut down the chain of spread of this infectious pandemic. On one hand, the medical fraternity is fighting with this disease and on the other hand, the scientists are tirelessly involved in the development of a definitive medicine or vaccination for the disease. The whole world is following the golden principle of "Handwashing, Wearing masks and social distancing "to prevent the spread of the disease. This is the time when the whole humanity is thriving hard to improve the overall immunity to safeguard them from this Pandemic. This article is focussing on an overall view of the pandemic – Covid-19, its origin, its manifestations, precautionary measures, treatment modalities used and preventive measures. Thus a wave of awareness can be generated among the common man regarding this global Pandemic.

scholarly journals Role of Anti-Viral Drugs in Combating SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sweta Kamboj ◽  
Rohit Kamboj ◽  
Shikha Kamboj ◽  
Rohit Dutt ◽  
Reeva Chabbra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Pox ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Virus

Viruses are the eventual assertion of parasitism, they not only take nutriments from the host cell, apart from that they direct its metabolic machinery to amalgamate novel virus particle and to diminish the ability of flu viruses to reproduce in an individual antiviral drugs are used. When used as directed, antiviral drugs may help to lessen the duration of flu symptoms and may reduce the severity of common flu symptoms. Antiviral drugs are the class of drugs which comes under the antimicrobials, and that also accommodates the larger group i.e. of antibiotics. They are broad-spectrum in nature and can be effective against a wide range of viruses. They can be used as a single drug as well as in combination of drugs. Antiviral drugs are dissimilar from the antibiotics, they do not demolish their target pathogen ideally they obstruct development of pathogen. To the greatest extent antiviral drugs currently accessible are delineate to deal with herpes viruses, covid-19, HIV, the hepatitis b and c viruses herpes simplex, small pox, picornavirus and influenza a and b viruses etc. Scientists are searching to drag out the range of antiviral to the other families of pathogens. They mainly act by inhibiting the attachment of viruses on cells, prevent genetic reproduction of virus, prevent viral protein production and vital for production of virus. The emanation of antiviral is generally the outcome about an appreciably expanded skills or proficiency of the generative, microscopic and atomic activity of organisms, allowing biomedical analyst to acknowledge the structure, mechanism of action and activity of viruses, significant progress within the procedure for come across the current drugs. Coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19) is highly infectious disease triggered by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus 2 causing nearly 2.9 million deaths worldwide. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the repurposing of antiviral drugs has come into picture.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes and Coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Fevrier
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Southern China ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Coronavirus Infections

The current SARS-CoV-2 (coronavirus) outbreak has reached pandemic proportions with a large global imprint. In December 2019, COVID-19 was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and has continued largely unabated. The SARS-CoV-2 (coronavirus) is much talked about currently; however, it is worth noting that there are several different coronaviruses known to man, with most of them being responsible for causing illness in animals. Seven (7) types of coronaviruses are identified as causing illnesses in humans. Of the seven human coronavirus infections, four involve mild upper respiratory tract complaints that produce slight symptoms of the common cold. Conversely, the other three human coronavirus infections present more severe consequences as recently demonstrated by the SARS-CoV-2. These deadly outbreaks of pneumonia can have consequences that are far-reaching and are global in nature. SARS-CoV was the first new viral pandemic of the 21st century. It had its beginnings in southern China during November 2002 having started mysteriously; It was contained in 2004 after having spread to five continents and thirty-three countries, infecting approximately 8000 people. MERS-CoV the virus that the causes Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) was first identified in 2012 in Saudi Arabia and Jordan and has since registered roughly 2,220 confirmed cases and 790 deaths.

scholarly journals Complex Risks of COVID-19 Pandemic: Possible Metamorphization of National into Cosmopolitan Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2976
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arrow Of Time ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The purpose of this article is to analyze the complex risks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their nonlinear influence on sustainable development. In the context of this global pandemic, this article shows the limits of “thinking national” and argues that metamorphization of national to cosmopolitan sustainable development is possible on the basis of overcoming national egoism with cosmopolitan survival. The article builds on the “the theory of metamorphosis” proposed by U. Beck (2010). Phenomena are analyzed through the effects of the “arrow of time” (I. Prigogine) and “methodological cosmopolitanism”. The main results are as follows: The risks of COVID-19 have mixed effects on sustainable development. On the one hand, they undermine the traditional approaches towards social security and sustainability, but on the other hand, there is a chance of establishing cosmopolitan medical cooperation in the struggle against viruses by passing from national biopolitics and national structures of sustainable development to cosmopolitan (global concerted) counterparts. The conclusion is drawn that in order to realize this possibility, it is necessary to re-discover the existing visions of sustainable development while taking into consideration the common struggle of nations against epidemics.

scholarly journals The Interstice: the terminal and the 21st century pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
International Airport ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Space Material ◽  
In Transit

We build to create desirable places, -healthy places. Architecture insulates the healthy, desirable environment of the inside from the unhealthy world of the outside. Disease has therefore served as the historical rationale to exclude, situating the unhealthy person outside and the healthy person inside. Supplanting the local epidemic of the past, the 21st century global pandemic renders all universally vulnerable. Responding to this contemporary threat, this project explores the scenario where an infectious disease carrier arrives by plane to Dulles International Airport in Washington, D.C., and a possible architectural response. The subsequent project proposes an “Interstice”, an in-transit, infectious disease treatment and containment facility to be located within the airport’s grounds. Purposely built for the accommodation of contagious passengers, the Interstice derives space, material, and form, from the passage of people between the outside (the realm of the unhealthy) to the inside (a place of relative health).

scholarly journals The Interstice: the terminal and the 21st century pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
International Airport ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Space Material ◽  
In Transit

We build to create desirable places, -healthy places. Architecture insulates the healthy, desirable environment of the inside from the unhealthy world of the outside. Disease has therefore served as the historical rationale to exclude, situating the unhealthy person outside and the healthy person inside. Supplanting the local epidemic of the past, the 21st century global pandemic renders all universally vulnerable. Responding to this contemporary threat, this project explores the scenario where an infectious disease carrier arrives by plane to Dulles International Airport in Washington, D.C., and a possible architectural response. The subsequent project proposes an “Interstice”, an in-transit, infectious disease treatment and containment facility to be located within the airport’s grounds. Purposely built for the accommodation of contagious passengers, the Interstice derives space, material, and form, from the passage of people between the outside (the realm of the unhealthy) to the inside (a place of relative health).

scholarly journals Koch’s time for COVID-19 and the other major epidemics of the 21st century

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Yuting Zhong ◽  
Guojun Sheng ◽  
Lin Zou
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Emerging Infectious Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Medical Standard

Koch’s postulates are classical medical standard followed by researchers all over the world to identify a new pathogen for an emerging infectious disease (EID). In this article, we put forward a new concept of Koch’s time for a new pathogen (KTNP), which stands for the time from the first case of attention of an EID to the first complete genome of the new pathogen in a public domain, to quantify the response of EIDs. Shortening KTNP expedites development of detection kits and/or devices world-wide. The KTNP of five EIDs occurred in this century are calculated respectively. The results demonstrated that KTNP is continuously shortening and Koch’s time for COVID-19 is 15 days.

scholarly journals Coronavirus disease: a global problem of the 21st century

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
E. D. Bazdyrev
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
The Impact

A series of unexplained cases with pneumonia have been reported in China since December 2019. Subsequent studies have found a novel strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, as the causative agent of acute infectious disease that has been named as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 has outbroken as a global pandemic affecting over 200 countries. This review focuses on a novel coronovirus disease, reporting all available data on its etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, principles of diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the impact of COVID on the cardiovascular system is highlighted.

O ENSINO RELIGIOSO EM QUESTÃO

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Mauro Rocha Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Common Core ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Common

Neste artigo analisamos a relação do Ensino Religioso com a sua evolução ao longo do contexto recente do Brasil para compreender a posição do Supremo Tribunal Federal ao considerar a possibilidade do Ensino Religioso confessional. Inicialmente apresentaremos a perspectiva legislativa criada com a constituição de 1988 e seus desdobramentos nas indicações curriculares. Neste contexto é frisado a intenção de incluir o Ensino Religioso na Base Nacional Curricular Comum, o que acabou não acontecendo. A tendência manifesta nas duas primeiras versões da BNCC era de um Ensino Religioso não-confessional. Uma tendência que demarcava a função do Ensino Religioso em debater a religião, mas que não permitia o direcionamento por uma vertente religioso qualquer. Esta posição se mostrava uma evolução da primeira perspectiva histórica mais associada à catequese confessional. Assim como também ultrapassava a interpretação posterior de um ecumenismo interconfessional, que mantinha a superioridade do cristianismo ante as demais religiões. Sendo assim, neste artigo, adotaremos o argumento de que a decisão do STF, de seis votos contra cinco, acaba retrocedendo ante o que nos parecia um caminho muito mais frutífero.Palavras-chave: Ensino Religioso. Supremo Tribunal Federal. Confessional. Interconfessional. Não-confessional.Abstract: On this article, we analyze the relation between Religious education and its evolution along the currently Brazilian context in order to understand the position of the Supreme Court in considering the possibility of a confessional Religious education. Firstly, we are going to present the legislative perspective created with the 1988 Federal Constitution and its impacts in the curricular lines. On this context it was highlighted the intention to include the Religious Education on the Common Core National Curriculum (CCNC), which did not really happened. The tendency manifested in the first two versions of the CCNC was of a non-confessional Religious Education. A tendency that delineated the function of the Religious Education as debating religion, but not giving direction on any religious side. This position was an evolution of the first historical perspective more associated to the confessional catechesis. It also went beyond the former interpretation of an inter-confessional ecumenism, which kept the superiority of the Christianity over the other religions. As such, in this paper we adopt the argument that the decision of the Supreme Court, of six votes against five, is a reversal of what seemed to be a much more productive path on the Religious Education.Keywords: Religious Education. Brazilian Supreme Court. Confessional. Inter-confessional. Non- confessional.Enviado: 23-01-2018 - Aprovado e publicado: 12-2018

Covid-19 – rumours and facts in media

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Tarare Toshida ◽  
Chaple Jagruti
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

The covid-19 resulted in broad range of spread throughout the world in which India has also became a prey of it and in this situation the means of media is extensively inϑluencing the mentality of the people. Media always played a role of loop between society and sources of information. In this epidemic also media is playing a vital role in shaping the reaction in ϑirst place for both good and ill by providing important facts regarding symptoms of Corona virus, preventive measures against the virus and also how to deal with any suspect of disease to overcome covid-19. On the other hand, there are endless people who spread endless rumours overs social media and are adversely affecting life of people but we always count on media because they provide us with valuable answers to our questions, facts and everything in need. Media always remains on top of the line when it comes to stop the out spread of rumours which are surely dangerous kind of information for society. So on our side we should react fairly and maturely to handle the situation to keep it in the favour of humanity and help government not only to ϑight this pandemic but also the info emic.

Awareness of the preventive measures against Covid -19 spread among small shop owners

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1144-1150
Author(s):  
Muralidharan V A ◽  
Gheena S
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Small Shop ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Covid -19 is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered strain of coronavirus. As there is no vaccine discovered, the only way to prevent the spread is through following the practice of social isolation. But prolonged isolation may also lead to psychological stress and problems. The objective of the survey was to assess the knowledge and awareness of preventive measures against Covid 19 amongst small shop owners. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the small shop owners.  A structured questionnaire comprising 15-17 questions had been put forth to assess the Covid 19 related knowledge and perception. The shopkeepers were contacted telephonically and responses recorded. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics. Although the majority of the population had a positive perception about the preventive measures against the Covid spread, 36% of the shopkeepers were not aware of the preventive measures against the Covid spread. This study found optimal knowledge and perception of the preventive measures against Covid spread among the shopkeepers but misinformation and misunderstanding still prevailing. The shopkeepers are crucial in the prevention of the spread of Covid 19 and educating them might aid us in the fight against Covid- 19. 

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