Alkali Lignin from Talahib Grass (Saccharum spontaneum L.) as An Adsorbent for Chromium (III) and Phenolphthalein: Analysis of the Adsorption Kinetics and Mechanism

The study aims to quantitatively assess the capability of lignin extracted from Saccharum spontaneum L. (talahib grass) as an adsorbent of chromium (III) and phenolphthalein in aqueous solution through kinetic methods. Results show that using lignin as an adsorbent, the percentage removal for both chromium (III) and phenolphthalein in aqueous solution are 31.70% and 74.98%, respectively, based on the optimum exposure time of the adsorbent, which is 6.5 hours for chromium (III) and 60 minutes for phenolphthalein. Results from the mechanistic analysis show that a pseudo-second order adsorption kinetic model fits better than a pseudo-first order model for both substrates. Also, among the six selected adsorption isotherm models used in this study, the Flory-Huggins isotherm can best predict the properties of the adsorption process of both phenolphthalein and chromium (III) at equilibrium. Further improvement of the extracted lignin through various physical and chemical modifications may improve its ability to remove the contaminants.

Download Full-text

Adsorption Characteristics of Phosphate Ions by Pristine, CaCl2 and FeCl3-Activated Biochars Originated from Tangerine Peels

Separations ◽

10.3390/separations8030032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 32 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Changgil Son ◽

Wonyeol An ◽

Geonhee Lee ◽

Inho Jeong ◽

Yong-Gu Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Kinetics ◽

Chemical Activation ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Model ◽

Phosphate Ions ◽

Adsorption Capacities ◽

Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽

Endothermic Reactions ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Adsorption Kinetics And Isotherm

This study has evaluated the removal efficiencies of phosphate ions (PO43−) using pristine (TB) and chemical-activated tangerine peel biochars. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm presented that the enhanced physicochemical properties of TB surface through the chemical activation with CaCl2 (CTB) and FeCl3 (FTB) were helpful in the adsorption capacities of PO43− (equilibrium adsorption capacity: FTB (1.655 mg g−1) > CTB (0.354 mg g−1) > TB (0.104 mg g−1)). The adsorption kinetics results revealed that PO43− removal by TB, CTB, and FTB was well fitted with the pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.999) than the pseudo-first-order model (R2 ≥ 0.929). The adsorption isotherm models showed that the Freundlich equation was suitable for PO43− removal by TB (R2 = 0.975) and CTB (R2 = 0.955). In contrast, the Langmuir equation was proper for PO43− removal by FTB (R2 = 0.987). The PO43− removal efficiency of CTB and FTB decreased with the ionic strength increased due to the compression of the electrical double layer on the CTB and FTB surfaces. Besides, the PO43− adsorptions by TB, CTB, and FTB were spontaneous endothermic reactions. These findings demonstrated FTB was the most promising method for removing PO43− in waters.

Download Full-text

Simultaneous Adsorption of Cr(VI) and Phenol from Binary Mixture Using Iron Incorporated Rice Husk: Insight to Multicomponent Equilibrium Isotherm

International Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1155/2016/7086761 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ankur Gupta ◽

Chandrajit Balomajumder

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Low Cost ◽

Binary Solution ◽

Multicomponent System ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Model ◽

Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Fe modified rice husk was prepared as a low cost biosorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) and phenol both singly and in combination from single and binary simulated synthetic waste water. Rice husk was modified by treating with FeSO4·7H2O. The results showed that impregnation of iron onto the surface of rice husk improved the adsorption capability of both Cr(VI) and phenol. The effects of process parameters for multicomponent system such as pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time onto the percentage removal of both Cr(VI) and phenol were investigated. The experimental data for the adsorption of both Cr(VI) and phenol onto the surface of Fe modified rice husk applied to various kinetic and adsorption isotherm models. Multicomponent isotherm models such as Nonmodified Langmuir, Modified Langmuir, Extended Langmuir, Extended Freundlich, Competitive Nonmodified Redlich Peterson, Competitive Modified Redlich Peterson were applied. The results show that Extended Freundlich model best described the experimental data for both Cr(VI) and phenol from binary solution. Pseudo second-order model agreed well with Cr(VI) while pseudo first-order model agreed well with phenol. Maximum adsorption capacity in synthetic binary solution of Cr(VI) and phenol was found to be 36.3817 mg g−1for Cr(VI) and 6.569 mg g−1for phenol, respectively.

Download Full-text

Basic Blue Dye Adsorption from Water Using Polyaniline/Magnetite (Fe3O4) Composites: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Aspects

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12111764 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 1764 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Amir Muhammad ◽

Anwar-ul-Haq Ali Shah ◽

Salma Bilal ◽

Gul Rahman

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Blue Dye ◽

Adsorption Parameters ◽

Magnetic Oxide ◽

Magnetite Fe3o4 ◽

Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Enhanced Adsorption

Owing to its exciting physicochemical properties and doping–dedoping chemistry, polyaniline (PANI) has emerged as a potential adsorbent for removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solution. Herein, we report on the synthesis of PANI composites with magnetic oxide (Fe3O4) for efficient removal of Basic Blue 3 (BB3) dye from aqueous solution. PANI, Fe3O4, and their composites were characterized with several techniques and subsequently applied for adsorption of BB3. Effect of contact time, initial concentration of dye, pH, and ionic strength on adsorption behavior were systematically investigated. The data obtained were fitted into Langmuir, Frundlich, Dubbanin-Rudiskavich (D-R), and Tempkin adsorption isotherm models for evaluation of adsorption parameters. Langmuir isotherm fits closely to the adsorption data with R2 values of 0.9788, 0.9849, and 0.9985 for Fe3O4, PANI, and PANI/Fe3O4 composites, respectively. The maximum amount of dye adsorbed was 7.474, 47.977, and 78.13 mg/g for Fe3O4, PANI, and PANI/Fe3O4 composites, respectively. The enhanced adsorption capability of the composites is attributed to increase in surface area and pore volume of the hybrid materials. The adsorption followed pseudo second order kinetics with R2 values of 0.873, 0.979, and 0.999 for Fe3O4, PANI, and PANI/Fe3O4 composites, respectively. The activation energy, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy changes, and entropy changes were found to be 11.14, −32.84, −04.05, and −0.095 kJ/mol for Fe3O4, 11.97, −62.93, −07.78, and −0.18 kJ/mol for PANI and 09.94, −74.26, −10.63, and −0.210 kJ/mol for PANI/Fe3O4 respectively, which indicate the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption process.

Download Full-text

Removal of Indigo Carmine Dye from Aqueous Solution Using Magnesium Hydroxide as an Adsorbent

Journal of Materials ◽

10.1155/2015/753057 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Thimmasandra Narayan Ramesh ◽

Vani Pavagada Sreenivasa

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Magnesium Hydroxide ◽

Indigo Carmine ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Ph Values ◽

Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽

Rate Kinetics ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Indigo Carmine Dye

Magnesium hydroxide is used as an adsorbent for the removal of indigo carmine dye from aqueous solution. We have investigated the effectiveness of removal of indigo carmine dye from aqueous solutions at pH 6-7 and 12-13 using magnesium hydroxide thereby varying the dose of the adsorbent, concentration of the dye, duration, and temperature. Structural transformations of adsorbent during the adsorption process at different pH values are monitored using powder X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Different types of adsorption isotherm models were evaluated and it was found that Langmuir isotherm fits well at both pH values (6-7 and 12-13). Adsorption of indigo carmine onto magnesium hydroxide at pH 6-7/pH 12-13 follows pseudo-second order rate kinetics.

Download Full-text

Removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution by clay-biochar composite prepared from Alternanthera philoxeroides and bentonite

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.1.598-615 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 598-615

Author(s):

Yande Jing ◽

Yongqiang Cao ◽

Qianqian Yang ◽

Xuan Wang

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Adsorption Kinetic ◽

Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽

Adsorptive Capacity ◽

Freundlich Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Adsorption Kinetic Model ◽

Better Than

A novel bentonite-biochar (APB) composite was prepared by incorporating bentonite (BE) with Alternanthera philoxeroides (AP) biochar for the adsorptive removal of Cd(II) from aqueous media. The APB and the pristine biochar (PB) prepared from the AP were produced at 300 °C under a nitrogen environment. The adsorption capabilities of the BE, PB, and APB were tested for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution. The results showed that the pH substantially affected the adsorption of Cd(II) by the PB and APB. The adsorptive capacity of the Cd(II) onto the PB and APB gradually increased as the pH was increased to 6.0, and there was no significant change in adsorption as the pH was further increased to 8.0. The adsorption kinetic data of the PB and APB were fitted to a pseudo-second-order (PSO) adsorption kinetic model and an intraparticle diffusion (ID) model. The Freundlich model matched the experimental data better than the Langmuir model, indicating that the adsorption was heterogeneous. Thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption was mainly physisorption, and the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous, while the orderliness of all adsorption systems decreased. The results demonstrated that the APB was an effective adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous media.

Download Full-text

Adsorption Characteristics of Phenol in Aqueous Solution by Pinus massoniana Biochar

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1154 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 295-298 ◽

pp. 1154-1160 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Guo Zhi Deng ◽

Xue Yuan Wang ◽

Xian Yang Shi ◽

Qian Qian Hong

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Ph Value ◽

Pinus Massoniana ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Adsorbent Dosage ◽

Salt Ions ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

The objective of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of phenol adsorption from aqueous solution by Pinus massoniana biochar. Adsorption conditions, including contact time, initial phenol concentration, adsorbent dosage, strength of salt ions and pH, have been investigated by batch experiments. Equilibrium can be reached in 24 h for phenol from 50 to 250 mg• L-1. The optimum pH value for this kind of biochar is 5.0. The amount of phenol adsorbed per unit decreases with the increase in adsorbent dosage. The existence of salt ions makes negligible influence on the equilibrium adsorption capacity. The experimental data is analyzed by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Equilibrium data fits well to the Freundlich model. Adsorption kinetics models are deduced and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provides a good correlation for the adsorbent process. The results show that the Pinus massoniana biochar can be utilized as an effective adsorption material for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution.

Download Full-text

Synthesis, Characterization and Adsorption Studies of a Graphene Oxide/Polyacrylic Acid Nanocomposite Hydrogel

NeuroQuantology ◽

10.14704/nq.2021.19.9.nq21136 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 46-54

Author(s):

Makarim A. Mahdi ◽

Aymen A.R. Jawad ◽

Aseel M. Aljeboree ◽

Layth S. Jasim ◽

Ayad F. Alkaim

Keyword(s):

Industrial Effluents ◽

Langmuir Model ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Nanocomposite Hydrogel ◽

Adsorption System ◽

Order Model ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Freundlich Model ◽

Dye Sorption ◽

Pseudo Second Order

The AAc/GO nanocomposite hydrogel was successfully employed as a polymeric Nano sorbent of the removal efficiency of M G dye from the model. The complication of the mechanism of the adsorption system was completely exposed by examining how solution pH affects adsorption, Ionic strength isotherm models, kinetic models, and thermodynamics. The adsorption of the MG dye was greatly dependent on the solution pH. The Freundlich model has been demonstrated to be the most accurate in describing the MG dye sorption, whilst the Langmuir model was shown to be the least accurate. Additionally, these integrated mechanisms fit nicely within the framework of a pseudo-second-order model. Additionally, the contact time at equilibrium short (ten minutes) required to MG removes demonstrates the AAc/GO nanocomposite hydrogel can be considered an efficient and potentially useful adsorbent for MG removal from industrial effluents.

Download Full-text

ADSORPTION AND KINETIC STUDIES OF A NATURAL DYE FROM CURCUMA LONGA L., ONTO BAMBOO YARN

Journal of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology ◽

10.15282/jceib.v2i1.3802 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 13-26

Author(s):

Tengku Khamanur Azma Tg. Mohd Zamri ◽

Mimi Sakinah Abd Munaim ◽

Zularisam Ab Wahid

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Process ◽

Regression Coefficient ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Natural Dye ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Model ◽

Dyeing Process ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Natural dye extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L. were applied to bamboo yarns using exhaustion dyeing process. This study investigates the dyeing behaviour of Curcumin; the major color component isolated from rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.on bamboo yarn. Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were used to test the adsorption process of curcumin on bamboo yarn. Comparison of regression coefficient value indicated that the Freundlich isotherm most fitted to the adsorption of curcumin onto bamboo yarn. Furthermore, the kinetics study on this research fitted the pseudo-second order model which indicates that the basis of interaction was chemical adsorption.

Download Full-text

Synthesis Fe3O4/Talc nanocomposite by coprecipition-ultrasonication method and advances in hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution

Adsorption Science & Technology ◽

10.1177/0263617420969112 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (9-10) ◽

pp. 483-501

Author(s):

Nguyen Thi Huong ◽

Nguyen Ngoc Son ◽

Vo Hoang Phuong ◽

Cong Tien Dung ◽

Pham Thi Mai Huong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Low Cost ◽

Batch Experiments ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Order Model ◽

X Ray ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Langmuir And Freundlich Equations

The Fe3O4/Talc nanocomposite was synthesized by the coprecipitation-ultrasonication method. The reaction was carried out under a inert gas environment. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and vibrating sample magnetometry techniques (VSM), the surface area of the nanoparticles was determined to be 77.92 m2/g by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET). The kinetic data showed that the adsorption process fitted with the pseudo-second order model. Batch experiments were carried out to determine the adsorption kinetics and mechanisms of Cr(VI) by Fe3O4/Talc nanocomposite. The adsorption process was found to be highly pH-dependent, which made the material selectively adsorb these metals from aqueous solution. The isotherms of adsorption were also studied using Langmuir and Freundlich equations in linear forms. It is found that the Langmuir equation showed better linear correlation with the experimental data than the Freundlich. The thermodynamics of Cr(VI) adsorption onto the Fe3O4/Talc nanocomposite indicated that the adsorption was exothermic. The reusability study has proven that Fe3O4/Talc nanocomposite can be employed as a low-cost and easy to separate.

Download Full-text

Investigation on adsorption capacity of TiO2-P25 nanoparticles in the removal of a mono-azo dye from aqueous solution: A comprehensive isotherm analysis

Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.2298/ciceq120610105b ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 97-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Mohammad Behnajady ◽

Shahrzad Yavari ◽

Nasser Modirshahla

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Crystallite Size ◽

Surface Area ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Average Crystallite Size ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Pseudo Second Order

In this work TiO2-P25 nanoparticles with high surface area have been used as adsorbent for the removal of C.I Acid Red 27 (AR27), as an organic contaminant from aqueous solution. Characteristics of phases and crystallite size of TiO2-P25 nanoparticles were achieved from XRD and the surface area and pore size distribution were obtained from BET and BJH techniques. TiO2-P25 nanoparticles with almost 80% anatase and 20% rutile phases, the average crystallite size of 18 nm, have specific surface area of 56.82 m2 g-1. The effect of various parameters like initial AR27 concentration, pH, contact time and adsorbent dosage has been carried out in order to find desired adsorption conditions. The desired pH for adsorption of AR27 onto TiO2-P25 nanoparticles was 3. The equilibrium data were analyzed with various 2-, 3- and 4-parameter isotherm models. Equilibrium data fitted very well by the 4-parameter Fritz-Schluender model. Results of adsorption kinetics study indicated that the pseudo-second order kinetics provided the best fit with correlation coefficients close to unity.

Download Full-text