scholarly journals The role of Martin Luther translations in modern German

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
German Language ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Language Characteristics

The article considers the peculiarities of the development of the German language in the Middle Upper German period of the 16th century during the Reformation on the example of Martin Luther's translations of the Bible from Latin into the national German language, which later became the basis of the main characteristics of the modern German language. This scholarly legacy has reviewed Martin Luther's translations of the Bible from Latin into its modern German language and formulated a list of the main features of Luther's translations. The work is done in line with historical linguistics, allows for comparison of facts and papers, considering real documents and works, in this case - the translation of the Bible, as well as to predict the further development of modern German language, based on the experience of linguists. The tasks in this work have been formulated in such a way as to examine and describe the object of research as accurately as possible, namely to get acquainted with the texts of Martin Luther's translations of the Bible, to analyze the main linguistic features of his translations (phonetic/spelling, grammatical, lexical) and to formulate conclusions and further prospects of research provided this opportunity. The theoretical method of research provides this article with a comprehensive and substantiated view of the facts in their diachronic study. With the help of the comparative method in the study of Martin Luther's translations, characteristic features of the modern German language were established and recorded. As you know, Luther has greatly simplified the language and systematized it in his translations to successfully convey the essence of the Bible and its laws to every resident of those times. Comparative historical research has found that the most important changes in Luther's language are fixed in the pronunciation, examples of lexical units from the Middle Upper German language and the language in translations. It was found that these simplifications and features tend to become more relevant in the future and will simplify the German language. Besides language characteristics, the article describes facts from the life of Martin Luther, which cannot be bypassed from the historical point of view.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONING OF ELLIPTICAL STRUCTURES IN ENGLISH SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna Hederym ◽  
◽  
Nataliya Hlinka ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Characteristic Features

The article is devoted to the study of one of the most important issues in modern linguistics – the problem of elliptical sentences, namely their definition, classification, different approaches to the study of this phenomenon and functioning in English-language scientific and technical texts. One of the tasks of scientific text is the ability to convey a large amount of new information in a sufficiently limited amount of text. It is this that leads to syntactic compression (the use of an ellipse) in such texts. Syntactic compression, as we have mentioned, is one of the characteristics of the modern scientific style. Authors of scientific texts seek to reduce the amount of text by compression, while increasing its content. Ellipse is a multidimensional phenomenon in language that allows authors to make the communication process more productive by using language savings. The ellipse has an extremely large pragmatic potential in achieving an extralinguistic effect. The use of the ellipse as a means of linguistic economy in scientific and technical texts is especially appropriate because the characteristic features of scientific and technical style are its informativeness (content), logic (strict sequence, clear connection between the main idea and details), accuracy and objectivity. It is an effective way of unloading sentence matter and exempting it from meaningfully redundant or structurally redundant components that carry repetitive information, it is based on the principle of compactification of predicative units. From a stylistic point of view, the desire to save language means leads to the emergence of new constructions that enrich the language, make speech dynamic, expressive. The article considers pragmatic and linguistic features of the ellipse, its structural and functional features. The article traces an attempt to review and structure the main theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "ellipse", the study of functions that perform elliptical structures in sentence structure and analysis of functional features of elliptical structures in English scientific and technical texts.

Martin Luther, Bible Translation, and the German Language

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Lobenstein-Reichmann
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther ◽  
German Language ◽  
Linguistic Terms ◽  
Important Work ◽  
German Culture ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Work

In the history of the German language, hardly any other author’s linguistic work is as closely associated with the German language as Martin Luther’s. From the start, Luther as a linguistic event became the embodiment of German culture and was even elevated as the birth of the language itself; his style was emulated by some, scorned by others. Luther forces one to take a position, even on linguistic terms. The Bible is at the heart of the argument, being the most important work of Luther’s translation. However, it is only one particular type of text in the general work of the reformer. The role that the Bible plays both on its own and in connection with Luther’s other works, as well as the traditions Luther drew on and the way he worked with language, will be examined within the matrix of Early New High German, with all its peculiarities.

scholarly journals Irony as a characteristic feature of journalists’ speech behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 11041
Author(s):  
Gyulnara Basenko ◽  
Victoria Baskakova ◽  
Elena Sakharova
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
German Language ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Communicative Space

This article deals with studying the characteristic features of ironic statements functioning in the speech behaviour of German journalists. The article identifies the strategic aspects of ironic statements in the communicative space of the German-language media discourse. The article reveals the phenomenon of irony from the point of view of the pragmalinguistic approach. The authors analyze the speech behaviour of German journalists according to the speech strategy “the formation of an ironic meaning in the statement”. The tactics by which this strategy is realized in the newspaper texts are discussed in detail. The study covers various newspaper genres and includes the analysis of examples with irony in the journalists’ articles which are particularly characterized by an ironic presentation. Based on the above, it is concluded that irony can be a characteristic feature of journalists’ speech behaviour.

scholarly journals Nebuchadnezzar and its Relationship with Jews Comparative Study of the Three Divine Religions (Islam, Judaism and Christianity): نبوخذ نصر وعلاقته باليهود دراسة مقارنة بين الأديان السماوية الثلاث (الإسلام واليهودية والنصرانية)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhuha Adel Mahmood, Anwar zuheer nori
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Bible ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Arab Origin

Praise be to Allaah and peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah. After this, the reason we chose this subject from the Islamic point of view is because this name is related to the time of the Israelites in Surat Al- Israa in the first and last promise as the general interpreters went to it. Hearing a lot, especially in our beloved homeland as an Iraqi of Arab origin of the sons of Sam Ibn Noah took Babylon as his capital, which is part of our dear country. This is what we proved from many ancient and modern sources after a discussion, some of which show that the lineage of Nebuchadnezzar is due to Ham 's son Noah, and that Ham is the father of the Persians. Our main findings are: Nebuchadnezzar is of Arab rather than Persian origin Nebuchadnezzar had been converted to Islam because he was influenced by the prophets of the Israelites. Nebuchadnezzar did not treat the Israelites in captivity badly, but provided them with places where they could earn a decent living despite their constant treachery, but wanted to be under constant surveillance. The importance of this subject lies in making a comparison in the mention of this king in the three monotheistic religions to know what is the origin of Nebuchadnezzar and how he ruled and why the captivity and what impact Nebuchadnezzar on the Jews and the influence of Jews and what was his religion and whether he changed it later to be influenced by the prophets of the children of Israel, and is it His promises in the Koran (the promise of the first and the Hereafter) in a neutral scientific manner. The comparative method was used in this study between the three monotheistic religions as well as the historical method which was based on taking from what the three heavenly books indicated a hint or statement, namely the Qur'an, the Torah and the Bible, as well as Hadith books, exegesis books, historical books and some modern books dealing with this subject.    

CAPRICCIOʼS GENRE IN MANDOLIN MUSIC AT THE END OF THE 19th – THE EARLY OF THE 20th CENTURIES (for example of the concert pieces by С. Munier)

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
N. V. Bashmakova ◽  
K. V. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Concert Works ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

The purpose of this article is process of analyzing in reference to concert capriccio by C. Munier for mandolin with piano («Bizzarria», op. 201, Spanish сapriccio, op. 276) from the point of view of their genre specificity. Methodology. The research is based on the historical approach, which determines the specifics of the genre of Capriccio in the music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and in the work of C. Munier; the computational and analytical methods used to identify the peculiarities of the formulation and the performing interpretation of the original concert pianos for mandolins with piano that, according to the genre orientation (according to the composerʼs remarks), are defined as capriccio. Scientific novelty. The creation of Florentine composer,61mandolinist-vertuoso and pedagog C. Munier, which made about 300 compositions, is exponential for represented scientific vector. Concert works by C. Munier for mandolin and piano, created in the capriccio genre, were not yet considered in the art of the outdoors, as the creativity and composer’s style of the famous mandolinist. Conclusions. Thus, appealing to capriccio by С. Munier, which created only two works, embodied in them virtually all the evolutionary stages of the development of genre. In his opus of this genre there are a vocal, inherent in capriccio of the 17th century solo presentation, virtuosity, originality, which were embodied in the works of 17th – 18th centuries and the national color of the 19th century is clearly expressed. Thus, the Spanish capriccio is a kind of «musical encyclopedia» of national dance, which features are characteristic features of bolero, tarantella, habanera, and so forth. The originality of opus number 201 – «Bizzarria», is embodied in the parameters of shaping (expanded cadence of the soloist in the beginning) and emphasized virtuosity, which is realized in a wide register range, a variety of technical elements.

Conservation or change? Exploring trends in Modern Hebrew in light of new spoken corpora of the first two generations of speakers

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (s41) ◽  
pp. 89-115
Author(s):  
Einat Gonen
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
Small Set ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
The 1950S

Abstract This paper presents a diachronic study of Modern Hebrew agreement between numerals and their quantified nouns. This research is possible thanks to the discovery of two rare collections of recordings from the 1950s and 1960s, which document four generations of speakers and have become important sources of spoken Early Modern Hebrew. On the basis of these two corpora, I compare numeral agreement in the first two generations of speakers with present-day usage and analyze trends of change and conversation in Modern Hebrew. The study shows that the first generation of speakers (“Gen1”) largely acquired the gender distinction of cardinals. However, in contrast to other agreement issues that educated Gen1 speakers realized fully, numeral use showed variation and absence of agreement in a small set of cases. Moreover, some linguistic features of Gen1 Hebrew found in this study no longer characterize Present-Day Hebrew; among these features is prosodic conditioning, which led to a Gen1 tendency to use the feminine form of the numeral ‘four’ with masculine nouns more frequently than was the case with other numerals.

Canons to the Left of Him: Brevard Childs, his Critics, and the Future of Old Testament Theology

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain Provan
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Biblical Theology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Probable Origin ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

It is well known that the seeds from which the modern discipline of OT theology grew are already found in 17th and 18th century discussion of the relationship between Bible and Church, which tended to drive a wedge between the two, regarding canon in historical rather than theological terms; stressing the difference between what is transient and particular in the Bible and what is universal and of abiding significance; and placing the task of deciding which is which upon the shoulders of the individual reader rather than upon the church. Free investigation of the Bible, unfettered by church tradition and theology, was to be the way ahead. OT theology finds its roots more particularly in the 18th century discussion of the nature of and the relationship between Biblical Theology and Dogmatic Theology, and in particular in Gabler's classic theoreticalstatementof their nature and relationship. The first book which may strictly be called an OT theology appeared in 1796: an historical discussion of the ideas to be found in the OT, with an emphasis on their probable origin and the stages through which Hebrew religious thought had passed, compared and contrasted with the beliefs of other ancient peoples, and evaluated from the point of view of rationalistic religion. Here we find the unreserved acceptance of Gabler's principle that OT theology must in the first instance be a descriptive and historical discipline, freed from dogmatic constraints and resistant to the premature merging of OT and NT — a principle which in the succeeding century was accepted by writers across the whole theological spectrum, including those of orthodox and conservative inclination.

Heart failure in an elderly population

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-321
Author(s):  
DN Carmichael ◽  
Michael Lye
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
The Common ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Many ◽  
Neuroendocrine Activation ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Heart failure has been defined in many ways and definitions change over time. The multiplicity of definitions reflect the paucity of our understanding of the primary underlying physiology of heart failure and the many diseases for which heart failure is the common end-point. Fundamentally, heart failure represents a failure of the heart to meet the body’s requirement for blood supply for whatever reason. It is thus a clinical syndrome with characteristic features – not a single disease in its own right. The syndrome includes symptoms and signs of organ underperfusion, fluid retention and neuroendocrine activation. The syndrome arises from a range of possible causes of which ischaemic heart disease is the commonest. From the point of view of a clinician, the underlying pathology will determine treatment options and prognosis. The extensive range of possible aetiologies present a diagnostic challenge both to correctly identify the syndrome amongst all other causes of dyspnoea and to identify the aetiology, allowing optimization of treatment.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF BRYOPHYTES OF AGALYK BASIN (KARATEPA MOUNTAINS OF ZERAVSHAN MOUNTAIN RANGE)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
Holmurod Akimovich Zhalov
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Research Period

From bryological point of view Zeravshan mountain range remains one of the least studied region. Identification of species composition of true mosses and their ecological-biological peculiarities were not earlier aimed for this region. In the territory of Agalyk basin Karatepa mountains can be divided into four types of substrates where moss species occur: soil, bark of living trees, decayed wood, stones. Characteristics of substrate groups become complicated due to wide range of ecological valency of moss species. Most species select not only one, but several substrates for their settling. During the research period in the soils of Agaliksay basin 20 species were recorded belonging to 13 genera and 10 family. On decayed wood 9 species were recorded belonging to 7 genera and 5 family. On the bark of living trees 15 moss species were recorded belonging to 8 genera and 6 family. Epilyte bryophytes occurred on rocky substrates. On rocky substrates of Agaliksay basin 34 moss species were recorded from 16 genera and 13 family. On the basis of results obtained during the study of substrate groups of mosses in Agaliksay basin, we have conducted comparative analyses of studied substrate groups with the purpose of determining their characteristic features.

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