scholarly journals MEMAHAMI ISLAM LOKAL MELALUI KITAB SERIBU MASA’IL: STUDI KOMPARASI TEKS ARAB-MELAYU

Paramasastra ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfiyah Alindah
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Text ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
History Of

The  spread  and  development  of  Islam  in  the  Indonesia  not  only  brought Islam together, but also brought Islamic culture in the form of literature. The development  in teaching Islamiccultural  tradition  is  important  in  the process of Islamization.  Many  books  were  translated,  composed  or  adapted  to  many languages in the archipelago. The books are compiled in what is known as sastra kitab  (literature  of  Islamic  theology).  Its  two  versions,  the  Masail  Sayyidi 'Abdullah bin Salam  lin Nabi  in  the Arabic version or  Seribu Masa’il  in Malay version,  are  still  preserved.  Both  of  these  texts  are  part  of  the  process  of translation  from  Arabic  texts  into  Malay  text  which  have  variations  either  in structure  linguistic  or meaning.This  paper  examines  the  variations  occurring  in process of translation between Arabic text and Malay text, and how the variations are manifested  in  these  two  texts. This  research  is  important because  it  looks at Sirah nabawiyah (history of  the prophet)  that documents both written and verbal teachings  of  Islam.  In  addition,  this  study  contains  the  theological  values  and dialogue between Muslims and non-Muslims. By using George Steiner’s  theory, this study tries to examine the difficulties and the paradoxes created by translation from  one  language  to  another.This  study  demonstrates  that  the  final  translation between Masā’il  Sayyidi  ‘Abdullāh  Bin  Salām  li-Nabī  text  and  Seribu Masa'il have variations both in the structure of linguistics and meanings. 

scholarly journals Vernakularisasi Al-Qur’an di Tanah Bugis: Tinjauan Metodologis Terjemahan Al-Qur’an Karya Anregurutta Muh. Yunus Maratan

2020 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Mursalim Mur Salim ◽  
Abbas Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Arabic Text ◽  
Literary Interpretation ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
The South ◽  
Original Language ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
History Of

This article aims to reveal the vernacular activities of the Koran in the South Sulawesi region through the work of Bugis scholars. The focus of this study is specifically on the work of Tafsir al-Qur'an Al-Karim bi al-Lugah al-Bugisiyah written by AG. Yunus Maratan by testing his methodology and dialectics within the framework of Bugis culture. By using a descriptive-analytic approach, this article shows the findings that this work is an attempt to bridge the al-Qur'an as an Arabic text with ordinary Bugis people who do not understand the original language of the Qur’an (Arabic), so that Al-Qur'an. Methodologically, the work is not a literary interpretation like mainstream tafsir literatures, but only as a translation work of the Koran that combines tarjamah lafziyah and tafsiriyah. This phenomenon also proves that the history of the spread of Islamic da'wah in the archipelago, especially in South Sulawesi, is very flexible by involving various local elements as a medium for preaching, including the vernacular of al-Qur'an. That is why the works of Bugis clerics and the cultural context of the community are intertwined in forming a local Islamic culture.

scholarly journals Devatāsūtra in the Arabic Compendium of Chronicles of Rashīd al-Dīn

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-254
Author(s):  
Nikolai Seleznev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Arabic Text ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Buddha ◽  
Medieval Scholar ◽  
The Middle Ages

In the Compendium of Chronicles ( Jāmi‘ al-tawārīkh) of a famous medieval scholar, physician, and influential vizier at the Ilkhanid court Rashīd al-Dīn Hamadhānī (1249/50–1318) that was compiled on the basis of the works of the court historian Abū-l-Qāsim Qāshānī (died after 1323/4), one finds a History of India (Tārīkh al-Hind wa’lSind), which contains a lengthy section about the Buddha and Buddhism. Among the Arabic sources on Buddhism, this work is considered to be the most important. One of the chapters in this section is a version of the famous Buddhist sutra adapted for the Muslim reader, in which the Buddhist teachings and ethical principles are presented in the form of questions-riddles addressed by a heavenly being to the Buddha as well as his answers. The article provides a survey of various versions of this work that were in use in Buddhist cultures in the Middle Ages, as well as a comparison of the Muslim and Buddhist interpretations of this sutra presented in the Arabic version of the Compendium of Chronicles. The article is followed by a publication of the Arabic text of the sutra based on the only preserved manuscript from the London collection Khalili MSS 727, and its Russian translation.

Yaḥyā Ibn ʿAdī on a Kalām Argument for Creation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Adamson ◽  
Robert Wisnovsky
Keyword(s):  
Tenth Century ◽  
Arabic Text ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
The Universe

This article offers an analysis, translation, and edition of a brief, recently uncovered Arabic text by the tenth-century CE Christian Aristotelian thinker Yaḥyā ibn ʿAdī. Ibn ʿAdī here takes issue with an argument for the existence of God, widely used in kalām (Islamic theology). According to this argument, bodies cannot exist without being either in motion or at rest; motion and rest must begin; therefore all bodies and hence the universe as a whole must have begun. Ibn ʿAdī diagnoses various flaws in this reasoning, including a supposed part–whole fallacy. The analysis of the text shows how it fits into Ibn ʿAdī’s intellectual profile and the project of the Baghdad Aristotelian school.

History of Mathematics in the Islamic World: The Present State of the Art

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Berggren
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mathematical Sciences ◽  
Islamic Mathematics

In Recent Years, many discoveries in the history of Islamic mathematics have not been reported outside the specialist literature, even though they raise issues of interest to a larger audience. Thus, our aim in writing this survey is to provide to scholars of Islamic culture an account of the major themes and discoveries of the last decade of research on the history of mathematics in the Islamic world. However, the subject of mathematics comprised much more than what a modern mathematician might think of as belonging to mathematics, so our survey is an overview of what may best be called the “mathematical sciences” in Islam; that is, in addition to such topics as arithmetic, algebra, and geometry we will also be interested in mechanics, optics, and mathematical instruments.

Temür and the problem of a conqueror's legacy

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Forbes Manz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Stress ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
The South ◽  
Political Fragmentation ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Temür has been many things to many people. He was nomad and city-builder, Turk and promoter of Persian culture, restorer of the Mongol order and warrior for the spread of Islam. One thing he was to all: a conqueror of unequalled scope, able to subdue both the vast areas of nomad power to the north and the centres of agrarian Islamic culture to the south. The history of his successors was one of increasing political fragmentation and economic stress. Yet they too won fame, as patrons over a period of brilliant cultural achievement in Persian and Turkic. Temür's career raises a number of questions. Why did he find it necessary to pile conquest upon conquest, each more ambitious than the last? Having conceived dreams of dominion, where did he get the power and money to fulfill them? When he died, what legacy did Temür leave to his successors and to the world which they tried to control? Finally, what was this world of Turk and Persian, and where did Temür and the Timurids belong within it?

scholarly journals On the Question of Medieval Artillery in the Muslim Regions of Contemporary Russia

Islamovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Nabiev Rustam Fanisovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
The West ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Relationship Of

The article deals with the problem of the spread of artillery weapons from the East to the West through the territory of the Eurasian steppes. Among the regions important for the devel-opment of firearms were countries with Islamic culture, which are currently part of the Russian Federation and the CIS. They were one of the most important links in the movement of new technologies from the East to Europe. Evidence of the development of artillery in the northern Muslim countries is not only written sources, but also finds of genuine medieval weapons. The author shows that the Muslim peoples of northern Eurasia have contributed to the world process of the development and spread of firearms. The article substantiates the view that in the territory of Russia powder technologies, the newest at that time, began to be used much earlier than in Western Europe. The author also identifies a number of areas of research into the history of powder technologies in the medieval Muslim world, such as sources of information, regions, landscapes, the main ways of spreading technologies, as well as terminology from the standpoint of cultural relationship of languages

scholarly journals TEOLOGI MU’TAZILAH: Sebuah Upaya Revitalisasi

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Safii Safii
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Context ◽  
Freedom Of Thought

This article elaborates an important role in the history of Mu'tazila theology in the Islamic World. Services that have been provided by this school seems to be forgotten by the Muslims, even it became despised and persecuted theology. In fact, this theology has made a large contribution in defending against attacks originating from the Jews, Christians, Zoroastrians, and Materialist. In the modern context, the spirit of this theology is relevant to be recalled that the freedom of thought as an integral part of the human being can grow and develop so that science and technology in the Islamic world can grow back. It must be recognized that this is indeed the flow had already given a negative image by traditional Islamic theology and hadith experts. Theology is imaged as a carrier of heresy

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BEWAWASAN SPIRITUALITAS EKOLOGI: Telaah Materi dan Model Pembelajaran

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Mohammad Muchlis Solichin
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Inquiry Learning ◽  
Contextual Learning ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Ecological Spirituality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Itu Model ◽  
Thematic Learning

Abstract: Ecological Spirituality is an awareness for connecting the environment through education. Education is a means of shaping the character of the environmental awareness. The knowledge and awareness of the importance of the environment can be fostered through the process of learning in school/madarasah. Ecological Spirituality can be implemented in the Learning of Islamic Education (PAI) by integrating the concept of Islam which is related to the environment into the teaching. This paper focus on 1) What are the learning materials of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) associated with ecological spirituality?, 2) How is the implement of the learning model of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) with associated with ecological spirituality. The findings revealed that the PAI learning materials which is related to the ecological spirituality comprising the learning of  environment in the perspective of Alquran, Hadith, Fiqh, Aqidah, Moral and History of Islamic Culture. Meanwhile, the learning models encompassing a contextual learning, thematic learning and, inquiry learning models.الملخص: إن الروحانية الإيكولوجية هو الوعي للقدرة على التعامل مع البيئة، وأن ينمّى هذا الوعي – بقدر المستطاع – عن طريق التربية. والتربية هي الوسيلة لتكوين طبيعة الاهتمام والوعي بالبيئة. ويكون الفهم عن الوعي بالبيئة يمكن تنميته عن طريق عملية التعليم في المدارس. والروحانية الإيكولوجية يمكن تكوينها عن طريق عملية التربية الإسلامية ببيان التعاليم الإسلامية المتعلقة بالبيئة والعالم. وتركيز هذا المقال هو: 1) ما هي المواد في التربية الإسلامية في ضوء الروحانية الإيكولوجية: 2) كيف تطبيق نماذج التعليم في مادة التربية الإسلامية في ضوء الروحانية الإيكولوجية. ومن البيانات المجموعة يمكن الاستنتاج منها : أن مواد تعليم مادة التربية الإسلامية في ضوء الروحانية الإيكولوجية تحتوى على تعليم موضوع البيئة في ضوء القرآن والسنة والفقه والعقيدة والأخلاق وتاريخ الثقافة الإسلامية. وأما نماذج تعليم مادة التربية الإسلامية على ضوء الروحانية الإيكولوجية فهي : نموذج التعليم السياقي، ونموذج التعليم الموضوعي، ونوذج التعليم على أساس التحقيق. Abstrak: Spiritualistas Ekologi merupakan suatu kesadaran untuk mampu berhubungan dengan lingkungan yang ditanamkan melalui jalur pendidikan. Pendidikan merupakan wahana pembentukan karakter peduli terhadap lingkungan. Pemahaman, kesadaran akan pentingnya lingkungan alam dapat ditumbuhkembangkan melalui proses pembelajaran di sekolah/madarasah. Spiritualitas Ekologi dapat dilakukan melalui pembelajaran Pendidkan Agama Islam (PAI) dengan menjelaskan ajaran Islam berkaitan dengan lingkungan, alam. Fokus tulisan ini adalah 1) Apa saja materi pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) berwawasan spiritualitas ekologi, 2) Bagiamana pelaksanaan model-model pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) berwawasan spiritualitas ekologi. Dari penelusuran data, terungkap bahwa materi pembelajaran PAI berwawasan spiritualitas ekologi meliputi pembelajaran lingkungan hidup dalam perspektif Alquran, Hadis, Fiqh, Aqidah, Akhlak dan Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam. dan Akhlak. Sementara itu model-model pembelajaran (PAI) berwawasan spiritualitas ekologi, adalah model pembelajaran kontekstual, model pembelajaran tematik, dan model pembelajaran, inquiry.

scholarly journals THE ISLAMIC CULTURE OF “WETU TELU ISLAM” AFFECTING SOCIAL RELIGION IN LOMBOK

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Muliadi Muliadi ◽  
Didin Komarudin
Keyword(s):  
Religious Culture ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Religious System ◽  
The People ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
History Of

This writing is motivated by a very abundant religious culture in Indonesia, including the phenomenon found in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara which is famous for “Wetu Telu Islam”. It contains the religious system filled with ceremonies and rituals which are accompanied by special symbols that have certain meanings. The method used in this paper is historical descriptive, by systematically explaining the history of the people of Lombok, the cultural patterns of “Wetu Telu Islam”, including its historical figures, doctrine, development, and existence. Then the writer uses structural semiology in analyzing the meaning of symbol elements found in the religious rituals of “Wetu Telu Islam” in Lombok. “Wetu Telu Islam” according to the people of Lombok is a very perfect Islam as it is built from two solid dimensions, namely dzohir and ihsan. For that reason, “Wetu Telu Islam” for them is the teachings of Sufism which emphasize the spirit, and soul. It is the spirit of holistic Islamic teachings, namely: shari’a, thoriqot, haqiqot, and ma‘rifat. Everything is building up, mutually reinforcing, and inseparable.Tulisan ini bermuara dari budaya agama yang sangat berlimpah di Indonesia, termasuk fenomena yang ditemukan di Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat yang terkenal dengan “Islam Wetu Telu”. Sistem keagamaan yang terkandung di dalamnya sarat upacara dan ritual yang disertai simbol-simbol khusus bermakna tertentu. Metode yang digunakan dalam makalah ini adalah deskriptif historis, yaitu secara sistematis menjelaskan sejarah masyarakat Lombok, pola-pola budaya “Islam Wetu Telu”, termasuk tokoh sejarah, doktrin, perkembangan dan keberadaannya. Kemudian penulis menggunakan semiologi struktural dalam menganalisis makna elemen simbol yang ditemukan dalam ritual keagamaan “Islam Wetu Telu”di Lombok. “Islam Wetu Telu” menurut masyarakat Lombok adalah Islam yang sangat sempurna karena dibangun dari dua dimensi yang kuat, yaitu dzohir dan ihsan. Karena itu, “Islam Wetu Telu” bagi mereka adalah ajaran tasawuf yang menekankan hati dan jiwa. Ini adalah semangat ajaran Islam holistik, yaitu: syariah, thoriqot, haqiqot, dan ma’rifat. Semuanya membangun, saling menguatkan, dan tak terpisahkan.

scholarly journals Pertautan Teologi dan Politik: Kajian terhadap Aliran Religio-Politik Syi’ah dan Khawarij

ULUMUNA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-276
Author(s):  
Mustain Mustain
Keyword(s):  
Political Competition ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Ideal

The history of emergence of sects of Islamic theology can not be separated from political issues as shown in the history of Shiite, Khawarij, Murjiah, Jabariyah, Qadariyah, Mu'tazilite, and Ash'arite. This paper tries to assess such linkage, particularly in the case of Shiite and Khawarij. The emergence of both sects was backed by sharp tribal political competition among the supporters of Ali ibn Abi Talib; both sects then showed their characteristics more as political stream (religio-political) rather than sects of theology. Although both, especially Khawarij, have important contributions in the debate concerning major sins commit which then lead to debate about broader and in-depth issues of divinity, but their political activities are more dominant than their theological thoughts. While the Shiite was preoccupied by searching for the ideal figure of priest (imam), Khawarij flow into a political insubordination movement to the government that they consider infidels.

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