scholarly journals Nosocials nominating in the nosological profile of infectious animal pathology in the southeastern zone of the Nizhny Novgorod region (on the example of the Pervomaiskiy region)

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Vladimir Nikolayevich Tihanov ◽  
Vasily Vasilevich Sochnev ◽  
Yulia Victorovna Pashkina ◽  
Tatyana Sergeevna Zhavoronkova ◽  
Natalia Grigorievna Gorchakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Biological Hazard ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
Entire Depth ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

In the southeastern agro-climatic zone of the Nizhny Novgorod region, 51 parasitic systems function retrospectively, the co-agents of which, apart from their pathogens, were productive and unproductive domestic and wild animals. For the entire depth of retrospection (82 years), eleven nosoforms of infectious pathology in the studied region (27.6%) were dominant in the number of enzootic foci and diseased animals (rabies, dictiocaulosis, infectious atrophic rhinitis, classical swine fever, pyroplasmosis, salmonellosis, swine mucus, anthrax, fasciolosis, emkar, foot and mouth disease). Their share in the nosological profile of infectious pathology accounts for 261 epizootic focus (74.1% of the total epizootic focus of infectious animal diseases in the region for the entire depth of retrospection). At the same time, 13 nosoforms in the study area for the entire period of retrospection were recorded once, the expansion of the boundaries of their epizootic process was not established, the removal of the causative agent of these infectious diseases beyond the limits of the primary epizootic focus was pre-empted. Not allowed and relapses of their epizootic phenomena in the region. Ten nosoforms of infectious pathology of animals (18%) in the total pathology of animals in the studied region were recorded twice for the entire period of retrospection (typhoid fever, pig taineosis and cattle, pig metastrongylosis, infectious cattle, chicken ascaridiosis, cattle parainfluenza, nosomatosis bees). In the southeastern zone of the Nizhny Novgorod region, the potential danger of spontaneous emergence and spread of infectious animal pathology (anthrax, emkar, tuberculosis of cattle, fascioliasis, classical and African swine fever, pyroplasmosis, echinococcosis, rabies) has been identified. Schemes-models of the potential threat to the epizootic component of the biological hazard in the region were constructed.

scholarly journals Expert assessment of animal infectious pathology nosological profile boundaries in a specific agroclimatical zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00213
Author(s):  
V.V. Sochnev ◽  
J.V. Pashkina ◽  
V.M. Avilov ◽  
A.V. Pashkin ◽  
A.N. Gorina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Data ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
The South ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Novgorod Oblast ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Biological Hazard ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Functioning of 51 parasitic systems has been retrospectively ascertained in the South-Eastern agroclimatic zone of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, their co-agents, apart from their excitants, being productive and non-productive domestic and wild animals. For the entire depth of retrospection (82 years) eleven nosounits of infectious pathology in the region (21.6%) dominated in the quantity of epizootic foci and diseased animals (rabies, dictyocaulosis, infectious atrophic rhinitis, classical pig plague, pyroplasmosis, salmonellosis, swine erysipelas, anthrax, fasciolasis, blackleg, aphtha). They accounted for 241 episootic foci in the nosological profile of infectious pathology (68.5% of the total quantity of animal infectious disease epizootic foci in the region throughout the retrospection). At the same time, 13 nosounits in the investigated territory were registered only once during the entire period of retrospection, no expansion of the boundaries of their epizootic manifestation was ascertained, and carryover of the excitant of these infectious diseases beyond the limits of the original epizootic focus was prevented. Relapses of their epizootic occurrences in the region were prevented as well. Ten nosounits of animal infectious pathology (18%) in the aggregate animal pathology in the examined region during the entire period of retrospection were registered twice (hen typhus, swine and cattle taeniasis, swine metastrongylosis, contagious cattle rhinotracheitis, hen ascaridiasis, cattle parainfluenza, bee nosematosis). In addition, potential danger of animal infectious pathology spontaneous emergence and expansion was revealed in the South-Eastern zone of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (anthrax, blackleg, cattle tuberculosis, fasciolasis, classical and African pig plague, pyroplasmosis, echinococcosis, rabies). Schematic models of the biological hazard epizootic component potential threat in the region have been designed. New scientific data have been obtained about the epizootic condition dynamics of rural and urban territories in the region as a biological hazard epizootological component, about regional peculiarities of animal infectious pathology specific nosounits, about their potential epidemic danger in the region.

scholarly journals Assessing the value of PCR assays in oral fluid samples for detecting African swine fever, classical swine fever, and foot-and-mouth disease in U.S. swine

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e0219532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriana Beemer ◽  
Marta Remmenga ◽  
Lori Gustafson ◽  
Kamina Johnson ◽  
David Hsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Pcr Assays

scholarly journals Wild boar as the reservoir of pathogens, pathogenic for swine, other species of animals and for humans

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 6167-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZYGMUNT PEJSAK ◽  
MARIAN TRUSZCZYŃSKI ◽  
KAZIMIERZ TARASIUK
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Cooked Meat

This paper provides an overview of the current knowledge on wild boar as a reservoir of viruses, bacteria and parasites being pathogenic also to other species of animals, and for humans, but particularly to pigs belonging to the same species, Sus scrofa, as the wild boar. Since wild boar and domestic pigs belong to the same taxonomic species they are susceptible to the same pathogens and can infect each other. Therefore free – ranging wild boar are increasingly considered to be a threat to the pig industry and the international movement of pigs and swine products. Particularly African swine fever, classical swine fever, and foot and mouth disease are those OIE-listed diseases, discussed in the paper. Additionally, domestic pigs can be infected from wild boar by PPV, PCV2, TGE and ADV. The last mentioned microorganism is causing infection and disease also in other species of animals. The wild boar is participating, by carriership, of infecting several species of animals and human by Leptospira serotypes, Brucella suis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella spp., pathogenic serovars of Escherichia coli. The same relates to bovine tuberculosis, Japanase encephalitis virus and influenza A typ viruses. Finally trichinellosis transfer from wild boar to humans with not cooked meat containing larves of Trichinella spp. is mentioned. In general remarks it is noted that to prevent pathogen introduction from wild boar to domestic animals particularly to pigs, but also other species and to humans the surveillance of the wild boar behaviour in their living conditions and environment is recommended...

scholarly journals Evidence-Based African Swine Fever Policies: Do We Address Virus and Host Adequately?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Busch ◽  
Céline Haumont ◽  
Mary-Louise Penrith ◽  
Alberto Laddomada ◽  
Klaas Dietze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control And Eradication

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most threatening diseases for the pig farming sector worldwide. Prevention, control and eradication remain a challenge, especially in the absence of an effective vaccine or cure and despite the relatively low contagiousness of this pathogen in contrast to Classical Swine Fever or Foot and Mouth disease, for example. Usually lethal in pigs and wild boar, this viral transboundary animal disease has the potential to significantly disrupt global trade and threaten food security. This paper outlines the importance of a disease-specific legal framework, based on the latest scientific evidence in order to improve ASF control. It compares the legal basis for ASF control in a number of pig-producing regions globally, considering diverse production systems, taking into account current scientific evidence in relation to ASF spread and control. We argue that blanket policies that do not take into account disease-relevant characteristics of a biological agent, nor the specifics under which the host species are kept, can hamper disease control efforts and may prove disproportionate.

scholarly journals Effect of Resveratrol Dry Suspension on Immune Function of Piglets

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuting Fu ◽  
Qiankun Cui ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Xinghong Zhao ◽  
Xu Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Wide Range

Resveratrol, a polyphenolic plant antitoxin, has a wide range of pharmacological activities. In this study, we systematically evaluated the effects of resveratrol dry suspension (RDS) on immune function in piglets that were treated with different doses of RDS for 2 weeks. The results showed that the RDS has significant effects on the development, maturation, proliferation, and transformation of T lymphocytes. RDS could regulate humoral immune responses by upregulating the release of IFN-γ and downregulating the release of TNF-α. After piglets were vaccinated against classical swine fever virus and foot-and-mouth disease virus, the antibody titers were significantly increased. RDS treatment showed an excellent resistance to enhance T-SOD activity. Values of blood routine and blood biochemistry showed no toxicity. These results suggested that RDS could be considered as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses to vaccines, as well as dietary additives for animals to enhance humoral and cellular immunity.

scholarly journals African swine fever: A permanent threat to Indian pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2275-2285
Author(s):  
Sharanagouda S. Patil ◽  
Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa Suresh ◽  
Vikram Vashist ◽  
Awadhesh Prajapati ◽  
Bramhadev Pattnaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
First Report ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

India has 9 million pigs, of which 45% are in the North eastern (NE) states of India. Viral diseases affecting pigs are a major concern of mortality causing huge loss to the pig farmers. One such disease is African swine fever (ASF) that has already knocked the porous borders of NE states of India. ASF is a highly contagious devastating disease of pigs and wild boars causing 100% mortality. The causative agent African swine fever virus (ASFV) belongs to the genus Asfivirus, family Asfarviridae. Pig is the only species affected by this virus. Soft ticks (Ornithodoros genus) are shown to be reservoir and transmission vectors of ASFV. Transmission is very rapid and quickly engulfs the entire pig population. It is very difficult to differentiate classical swine fever from ASF since clinical symptoms overlap. Infected and in contact pigs should be culled immediately and buried deep, and sheds and premises be disinfected to control the disease. There is no vaccine available commercially. Since its first report in Kenya in 1921, the disease has been reported from the countries in Europe, Russian federation, China, and Myanmar. The disease is a threat to Indian pigs. OIE published the first report of ASF in India on May 21, 2020, wherein, a total of 3701 pigs died from 11 outbreaks (Morbidity - 38.45% and mortality - 33.89%) in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh states of India. ASF is non-zoonotic.

scholarly journals A concise review on certain important veterinary viruses in the Americas

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. e1965
Author(s):  
Sebastian Giraldo-Ramirez ◽  
Santiago Rendon-Marin ◽  
Julian Ruiz-Saenz
Keyword(s):  
Companion Animals ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Being There

Animals have become an essential member for our society, with roles related to company, human well-being and therapy for some diseases, and as a source of food in many populations around the world. Animals intended for human consumption like pigs and cattle, as well as companion animals, specifically cats and dogs, are constantly threatened by multiple viral agents. This puts at risk pet owners and threatens food security in the region. Considering that control or eradication is a complex problem that involves several aspects, there is a limited success in this regard for viral diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, rabies and classical or African swine fever, this review aims to show the most important characteristics, in the epidemiological context, from farm animals virus, re-emerging viruses affecting companion animals, and emerging and re-emerging zoonotic viruses. Since viral pathogens affect animal populations and human well-being, there is a need to increase efforts to control, monitor and eradicate them from livestock and companion animals. The following sections contribute to improve the understanding of these viral agents and orchestrate actions of control entities in the Americas.

Could African swine fever and classical swine fever viruses enter into the United States via swine products carried in air passengers’ luggage?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Jurado ◽  
Giulia Paternoster ◽  
Beatriz Martínez‐López ◽  
Kenneth Burton ◽  
Lina Mur
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
The United States
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