Developmental programs for lateral root and symbiotic nodule organogenesis: evolution of similarities and differences

Recently transposition became the issue of many research papers for being a complicated and sophisticated language phenomenon, and its definition has been broadened. The issue of transposition and the degrees of verb transitivity are the most controversial and difficult ones both in Hungarian and Russian linguistics. This issue may be investigated on different language levels: lexical, syntactic, morphological and on the level of word formation. Taking into account the mobility of parts of speech boundaries in the compared languages we attempt to find the cause of words transitioning from one lexico-grammatical class into another, investigate transposition as a natural phenomenon both for the Hungarian and Russian languages, differentiate transition in parts of the speech system from other language phenomena, solve some contentious issues regarding parts of speech, for example ‘noun-adjective’ relations, and others. Despite having extensive literature concerning nominalization in Russian linguistics and some works in Hungarian linguistics, some aspects are not comprehensively covered in them. For example, different types of transitions from other parts of speech into nouns, thorough semantic and thematic categorization of substantivized words, characteristics of their functioning in texts of different functional styles, principles of creating lexicography, etc. In this article we compare the process of substantivation amidst the system of parts of speech in languages of such different structure as Hungarian and Russian. Comprehensive and comparative study of the process of transition of other parts of speech into nouns allows us to conduct a deeper investigation of each of these languages’ structure and also to reveal typological similarities and differences between them. These languages have not been explored this way so it provides scientific novelty to the research. For the first time we define the main conditions of a systematic process of transposition in Hungarian and Russian and reveal both specific and universal opportunities for transition in the compared languages. We use comparative analysis for researching semantic models of substantivized words, distinguish different types of transitions into nouns and describe structural and stylistic features. Thus, the topic of the research is the grammatical, semantic, structural and stylistic features of substantivized words in Hungarian and Russian. The objective of the study is to discover linguistic nature of substantivation of adjectives, verbs and verbal formations, numerals and pronouns, to find out specific and universal features caused by typological differences of the researched languages. To achieve this goal we need to solve the following problems: determining the place of substantivation in the system of word formation in Hungarian and Russian, discovering how much substantivation and conversion being productive ways of word formation are identical in Russian and Hungarian, distinguishing semantic models of substantivized words and compare them, comparing models of usual and occasional substantivation and determine its productivity, studying their structure which means showing peculiarities of substantivized words’ grammatical structure in Hungarian and Russian, discovering similarities and differences between them and finding adequate models. The research is based on data of dictionaries of Russian and Hungarian languages, examples of fictional texts, live speech and not the least on the idioms. Theoretical importance lies in the following: 1) the research develops the theory of transitivity as we study transposition in two languages of different structures using comparative analysis of substantivized words and taking into account grammatical, semantic and functional aspects; 2) using the materials of two languages of different structures we discover the main conditions of systematic transposition and distinguish its universal and specific features; 3) for the first time the problem of transposition is studied on the basis of Russian and Hungarian from a theoretical point of view (on the example of transition of other parts of speech into nouns); 4) we develop the methodology of a comprehensive approach to study substantivation in Hungarian and Russian which can be used when describing this phenomenon in other languages of different structures.

Probable sites for passive movement of ions across the endodermis

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b71-007 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 35-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

E. B. Dumbroff ◽

D. R. Peirson

Keyword(s):

Fluorescence Microscopy ◽

Mass Flow ◽

Lateral Root ◽

Lateral Roots ◽

Passive Movement ◽

General Picture ◽

Effective Barrier ◽

Casparian Strip ◽

Endodermal Cells ◽

The Relationship

The endodermis, with its associated Casparian strip, is generally believed to act as an effective barrier to the passive movement of ions from the cortex to the xylem in young roots. However, several workers have suggested that the functional integrity of the endodermis might be somewhat impaired with the emergence of branch roots from the pericycle, thus providing pathways for the mass flow of water and ions into the stele. The present work was undertaken to examine the validity of this hypothesis.Sections of lateral roots embedded in glycol methacrylate were stained and examined by fluorescence microscopy, and a general picture of the relationship between branch root development and concomitant changes in the endodermis emerged. The endodermal cells of the parent root were found to maintain a continuous, unbroken, suberized layer over the surface of a very young lateral root, but with continued elongation there is a period when formation of the Casparian strip lags behind division of endodermal cells. It appears likely that, at this stage, water and ions can enter the stele of the parent root by mass flow.

Adolescent Concepts of Responsibility in Different Types of Moral Dilemmas

Cultural-Historical Psychology ◽

10.17759/chp.2017130409 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 81-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S.V. Molchanov ◽

O.V. Almazova

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Empirical Study ◽

Moral Reasoning ◽

Moral Dilemma ◽

Moral Dilemmas ◽

Moral Judgments ◽

Main Character ◽

Moral Norms ◽

Different Types ◽

The Relationship

The paper presents results of an empirical study of adolescents' concepts of responsibility in different types of moral dilemmas characterized by violations of moral norms. The study proved that the type of moral dilemma and the context of interaction of its participants determine the adolescents' readiness to recognize the responsibility of the main character of the dilemma for violating the norm. In dilemmas of asocial type adolescents are more willing to recognize the responsibility of the offender whose behavior leads to obvious damage for one of the participants in the interaction. As for prosocial dilemmas and dilemmas of confronting norms, adolescents tend to deny the responsibility of the offender. The paper provides a comparative analysis of empirically identified types of adolescent concepts of responsibility, including the differentiated responsibility with egoistic orientation, high responsibility, low responsibility and ‘polar’ responsibility. The authors highlight the ambiguity of the relationship between adolescents’ evaluation of behavior, their readiness to recognize responsibility in moral transgression, and their judgment about the necessity of punishment. The paper concludes with the discussion concerning the relationship between the level of development of moral judgments/moral reasoning and the concepts of responsibility in adolescents.

Towards an Empirically Determined Scale of Trust in Computerized Systems: Distinguishing Concepts and Types of Trust

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129804200512 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 501-505 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jiun-Yin Jian ◽

Ann M. Bisantz ◽

Colin G. Drury

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Generic Concept ◽

Different Types ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

The Relationship

One component in the successful use of automated, computerized systems is how much people trust these systems to perform effectively. In order to understand the relationship between trust in computerized systems and the use of those systems, we need to be able to measure that trust. Although questionnaires regarding trust have been used in prior studies, these questionnaires were not based on empirically generated scales and did not differentiate between concepts of trust and distrust, or between three potentially different types of trust: trust as a generic concept, human-human trust, and human-machine trust. A two-phased experimental study of trust concepts was performed, in order to understand similarities and differences in the concepts of trust and distrust, and between the different types of trust. Results indicated that trust and distrust can be considered opposites, rather than being comprised of different concepts. Additionally, concepts of trust were similar across the three types of trust.

Item in dependability: definition and content of the concept

Dependability ◽

10.21683/1729-2646-2019-19-4-3-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 3-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. A. Netes

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

International Standards ◽

The Past ◽

Different Types ◽

The Subject ◽

Federal Laws ◽

Basic Concepts ◽

Definition Of ◽

Correct Understanding ◽

The Relationship

Aim. The paper continues the series of publications that investigate and discuss the essence and definitions of the basic concepts of the dependability theory. It analyzes the basic concept, which is the subject of consideration in dependability, for which the term “item” is usually used. The concept of “dependability” is defined for it, and in general all the terminology of dependability applies to it. The following issues are considered: how to name and define this subject of consideration, what it can be, what can be its constituents. In particular, the relationship between the concepts of “item” and “product” is discussed.Methods. The evolution of definitions of this concept in the Russian and international terminological standards in dependability over the past 30 years is traced. A comparative analysis of other standards and federal laws relating to items of different types is carried out. The viability of two main ways of getting an idea of a concept is considered: illustrative (based on examples) and definitional (by means of sequential definition of some concepts through others).Findings and conclusions. The definition and correct understanding of the concept of “item” is of great importance, as it affects the scope of dependability standards. It is explained why it is necessary to accept that the definitions of the basic concepts cannot be rigorously formalized and are in fact only explanations. It is shown that the definitions of the item in the existing Russian and international standards (GOST 27.002–2015 and IEC 60050-192:2015) have inaccuracies. To eliminate them, improved notes to the definition of an item are proposed. The first note lists the possible types of items: products (parts, assembly units, complexes) and their components; buildings and structures; systems consisting of jointly functioning products and structures and their subsystems. The second note indicates the relationship between the main constituents of the item: hardware, software and people (personnel), and their possible combinations. The paper provides reasons for considering virtual items that play an important role in today’s information and telecommunication technologies and are logically isolated subsystems within the systems that they are part of. Besides that, it points out the deficiencies in the definitions of various items in GOST 18322–2016.

Comparative analysis of plant genomes allows the definition of the "Phytolongins": a novel non-SNARE longin domain protein family

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/1471-2164-10-510 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 510 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Marco Vedovato ◽

Valeria Rossi ◽

Joel B Dacks ◽

Francesco Filippini

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Protein Family ◽

Plant Genomes ◽

Domain Protein ◽

Definition Of

Comparative Analysis of Similarities and Differences between Null Hypotheses, Assumption of Breach

Indian Journal of Advanced Mathematics - regular ◽

10.35940/ijam.b1110.101221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 20-26

Author(s):

Ahmad Hedayatpanah Shaldehi ◽

Mohammad Saeed Hedayatpanah Shaldehi ◽

Marziyeh Hedayatpanah Shaldehi

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Null Hypothesis ◽

Inferential Statistics ◽

Psychology Education ◽

Education Management ◽

The World ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

The Relationship ◽

Science And Research

The main purpose of this paper is to comparatively study the similarities and differences between of the , null hypothesis and assumption of breach .The null hypothesis , in applied researches, particularly experiments for confirm or rejection .a hypothesis, regard to inferential statistics That used in many different fields of humanities researchers, particularly psychology, education, management and sociological placed assumption of breach, to prove geometric proposition( theorems), which hypothetical temporary, that with the help of reasoning, the false statements, it we conclude. Such a statement may deny our hypotheses or assume reduction ad absurdum. The use of these two words separately and hypothesis alternative in abundance, the world of science and research, has been discussed, but the relationship between these words, mention, yet. Isn’t .This article describes the relation of these assumptions. Likewise, in writing, to the similarity, their differentiation, are mentioned. Including the results, that is, the achieve results null hypothesis, researcher with the error is encountered, but In the Reduction ad absurdum the achieve results, not an error.

ON THE SYSTEM OF THE PARTICIPLES IN BULGARIAN AND GREEK

Ezikov Svyat (Orbis Linguarum) ◽

10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v18i3.4 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 42-52

Author(s):

Desislava YORDANOVA-PETROVA

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Comparative Study ◽

System Level ◽

Field Of Study ◽

The Past ◽

Different Types ◽

The Future ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

The Comparative Study

This paper is devoted to the participle system in Bulgarian and Greek, presenting in a comparative plan the formation, meanings, functions and use of the different types of participles in the two languages. The paper focuses on the similarities and differences in the different types of participles, giving information about the frequency of their use in both languages. The traditional types of active and passive participles are considered separately. However, for some of the types of participles there are different opinions whether they should be included in the participle systems of the two studied languages, the article presents the relevant views and arguments of researchers. Such are, for example, the past imperfect active participle and the present passive participle in the Bulgarian language, as well as the present active participle and the aorist active participle in Greek. The present study is the first attempt to present the participle system in Bulgarian and Greek, with the comparison made at the system level in both languages. Apart from the theoretical plan, the conclusions formulated as a result of the comparative study of the participle systems of the two languages would be useful in practice in the assimilation of certain types of Greek participles by Bulgarians learning Greek. In the future, the field of study could be expanded into the comparative analysis of the participle system in Bulgarian and Greek at the level of speech (for example, on the basis of a translation corpus).

Comparative Analysis of Similarities and Differences between Null Hypotheses, Assumption of Breach

Indian Journal of Advanced Mathematics - regular ◽

10.54105/ijam.b1110.101221 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 20-26

Author(s):

Ahmad Hedayatpanah Shaldehi ◽

◽

Mohammad Saeed Hedayatpanah Shaldehi ◽

Marziyeh Hedayatpanah Shaldehi ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Null Hypothesis ◽

Inferential Statistics ◽

Psychology Education ◽

Education Management ◽

The World ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

The Relationship ◽

Science And Research

The main purpose of this paper is to comparatively study the similarities and differences between of the , null hypothesis and assumption of breach .The null hypothesis , in applied researches, particularly experiments for confirm or rejection .a hypothesis, regard to inferential statistics That used in many different fields of humanities researchers, particularly psychology, education, management and sociological placed assumption of breach, to prove geometric proposition( theorems), which hypothetical temporary, that with the help of reasoning, the false statements, it we conclude. Such a statement may deny our hypotheses or assume reduction ad absurdum. The use of these two words separately and hypothesis alternative in abundance, the world of science and research, has been discussed, but the relationship between these words, mention, yet. Isn’t .This article describes the relation of these assumptions. Likewise, in writing, to the similarity, their differentiation, are mentioned. Including the results, that is, the achieve results null hypothesis, researcher with the error is encountered, but In the Reduction ad absurdum the achieve results, not an error.

Attitudes in Workplace – Diversity and Interdependence of Concepts

Kwartalnik Ekonomistów i Menedżerów ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0009.7501 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 11-28

Author(s):

Agnieszka Springer

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Job Attitudes ◽

Employee Attitudes ◽

Workplace Diversity ◽

Multidimensional Model ◽

Different Types ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

The Relationship

The main objective of the article is to evaluate the relationship between different types of job attitudes. At the end of the article the multidimensional model of employee attitudes has been proposed. The text is based on the analysis of the literature review of: satisfaction, commitment, attachment and identification of employees. The author described the similarities and differences between concepts and made attempts to indicate dependencies between them. The paper identifies areas that do not raise doubts about employee attitudes and those that still require further study.