NEURLOGICAL OUTCOME OF GLIOMAS

Background: Mostly Primary brain tumors are derived from neuroglial cells,neuronal or primitive bipotential precursors or neuroepithelial cells and they are calledgliomas. These comprise of 45-65% of intracranial tumors. We aimed to conduct a studyto determine the neurological outcome of patients with gliomas on the basis of karnofskyscore who are managed with craniotomy and excision of tumor. Study Design: Descriptivecase series. Setting: Neurosurgery Department, PIMS, Islamabad. Patients reporting to OPDaccident and emergency department and those admitted to neurosurgery unit or referred fromother units were enrolled. Period: July 2014 to April 2015 in duration of ten months. Methods:140 gliomas patients which were diagnosed on CT/MRI with contrast. Patients with low gradeglioma, those with post radiation necrosis diagnosed on MRI and MR spectroscopy brain,children having glioma and those gliomas patients having co-morbidities were excluded fromthis study. The outcome of this study was determined as neurological outcome of patientswith glioma according to karnofsky score after craniotomy plus excision of tumor. Results:The patients’ average ages were 37.4 + 11.2 years. Male gender was in dominance with83 (59.2%) cases compared to 57 (40.7%) females. Of the total 140 patients of gliomas, 24(17.1%) had neurological deficit. The mean Karnofsky score was 70.0 + 10.0 before surgeryand after surgery it improved to 90.0 + 10.0 and this difference in mean karnofsky scorebetween before and after surgery was found statistically significant (p-value = 0.001). Themean Glasgow coma scale was 12.0 + 2.0 before surgery and 14.0 + 1.0 post operatively.Post operatively it was observed that, of the 24 patients with neurological deficit, 18 (75.0%)improved completely whereas 6 (25.0%) patients could not improve. Conclusion. There isa significant improvement in nuerological outcome which is measure through the karnofskyscore of gliomas patients whose undergoing craniotomy and excision of tumor.

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Aplikasi Web Cek Riska sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Ibu Mendeteksi Dini Risiko Tinggi Kehamilan

Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari ◽

10.31539/jks.v4i1.1629 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 215-221

Author(s):

Ni Luh Putu Martini ◽

Irna Nursanti ◽

Giri Widakdo

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Web Application ◽

P Value ◽

Group Design ◽

Risk Pregnancy ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Mean ◽

In Pregnancy

This study aimed to determine the effect of the risk checks web application on the knowledge of mothers to detect high risk early in pregnancy. The research design used in this study was a quasi-experimental design with one group design without control. The results showed that the mean difference before and after the intervention was 13.00, with a p-value of 0.000. In conclusion, the risk check web application can increase mothers' knowledge to detect high risk early in pregnancy. Keywords: Web Application, High-Risk Pregnancy

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Comparative Effectiveness of Papaya Leaf Stew (Carica Papaya Linn) With Turmeric Acid (Curcuma Domestica Val-Tamarindus Indica) Against Primary Dysmenorrhea

SRIWIJAYA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE ◽

10.32539/sjm.v1i2.17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 120-127

Author(s):

Yunita Liana

Keyword(s):

Young Women ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Numeric Rating Scale ◽

Average Score ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

Young women often feel primary dysmenorrhoea because the hormonal cycles experienced are not stable, this can disrupt the concentration and activity of young women. The principle of back to nature is increasingly popular today, the side effects of chemical drugs can cause new problems, it is one of the driving force of the development of traditional medicine. Papaya leaves contain Vitamin E which can reduce dysmenorrhea. In addition, turmeric acids also contain curcumine and anthocyanins that inhibit cyclooxygenase, thereby reducing the occurrence of inflammation during uterine contractions. The aim of this research is to know the effectiveness of papaya leaf stew with acidic turmeric to primary dysmenorrhea. Type of Research is an experimental study with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design design. The sample is 30 people. The research was conducted on December 27, 2017 s.d February 24, 2018 at SMP Negeri 46 Palembang. Instrument to measure pain Numeric Rating Scale. The statistical test used by Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney U. Average score of pain before papaya leaves stem 5.40 ± 0.73 while the mean score of pain after given turmeric acid 5.33 ± 0.61 The mean score of pain after being given papaya leaves stew 3.60 ± 0.91 while the mean score of pain after given turmeric acid 4.06 ± 0.79. There was a difference of mean score of dysmenorrhea pain before and after given papaya leaf stem p value = 0.000. There is difference of mean score of dysmenorrhea pain before and after given turmeric acid p value = 0,002. There was no difference of mean score of dysmenorrhea pain before and after given papaya leaf sting and turmeric acid p value = 0,217. The decoction of papaya leaf and turmeric acid have the same effectiveness in reducing primary dysmenorrhea pain.

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PENURUNAN NYERI KEPALA PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI MENGGUNAKAN RELAKSASI AUTOGENIK DI KELURAHAN MERSI PURWOKERTO

Media Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.30989/mik.v7i2.229 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 104-113

Author(s):

Dwi Novitasari ◽

Ikit Netra Wirakhmi

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Relaxation Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Parasympathetic System ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Autogenic Relaxation ◽

The Mean

Background: Headache in the occipital region is the most common symptom of hypertension, caused by enhanchement intra-cranial pressure and vasoconstriction resulting in decreased perfusion of cerebral tissue. This causes insomnia, decreased concentration and decreased ability of daily living activity. Autogenic relaxation causes vasodilation and a calm emotional response that increases the response of the parasympathetic system. This modulation stimulus can decrease perception of headache. Objective: The aims of this study was to find out how the reduction of headache on hypertension before and after autogenic relaxation. Methods: The design of this research was pre experimental with one group pretest-postest design approach. The sample are 38 patients with hypertension who complained of headache in Mersi Purwokerto. Selection has been using purposive sampling. Measurement of head pain using visual analog scale. Data analysis using Wilcoxon test. Results: The mean headache before the autogenic relaxation technique was 5.24, and the mean headache after autogenic relaxation technique was 3.47, including the range of moderate pain. There was a significant difference between headache before and after the autogenic relaxation technique with p value: 0,000. Conclusion: Autogenic relaxation can be used by the elderly with hypertension to reduce headache. Keywords: Autogenic relaxation, headache, hypertension.

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Hematological profiles of visceral leishmaniasis patients before and after treatment of anti-leishmanial drugs at University of Gondar Hospital; Leishmania Research and Treatment Center Northwest, Ethiopia

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-06691-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elias Shiferaw ◽

Fadil Murad ◽

Mitikie Tigabie ◽

Mareye Abebaw ◽

Tadele Alemu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Parasite Load ◽

Treatment Center ◽

Rank Test ◽

P Value ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Visceral leshimaniasis is a parasitic disease characterized by systemic infection of phagocytic cells and an intense inflammatory response. The progression of the disease or treatment may have an effect on hematological parameters of these patients'. Thus, the current study sought to compare the hematological profiles of visceral leishmaniasis patients before and after treatment with anti-leishmaniasis drugs. Method An institutional-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among visceral leishmaniasis patients admitted to the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized referral hospital leishmaniasis research and treatment centre between September 2013 and August 2018. Hematological profiles were extracted from the laboratory registration book before and after treatment. Data were entered to Epi-info and exported to SPSS for analysis. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequency and percentage to present with the table. The mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile range were used to present the data. Furthermore, using the paired t-test and the Wilcoxon Signed rank test, the mean difference for normally and non-normally distributed data was compared. Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis were used to describe the relationship between hematological parameters and various variables. A P value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result With the exception of the absolute neutrophil count, all post-treatment hematological parameters show a significant increase when compared to pre-treatment levels. Prior to treatment, the prevalence of anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia was 85.5, 83.4, and 75.8%, respectively, whereas it was 58.3, 38.2, and 19.2% following treatment. Furthermore, parasite load was found to have a statistically significant negative correlation with hematological profiles, specifically with white blood cell and red blood cell parameters. Conclusion According to our findings, patients with visceral leishmaniasis had improved hematological profiles after treatment. The effect of treatment on parasite proliferation and concentration within visceral organs, in which the parasite load could directly affect the patient's hematological profiles, may be associated with the change in hematological profiles.

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Adequacy of hand washing apples

BCIT Environmental Public Health Journal ◽

10.47339/ephj.2019.34 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dwaaragan Subamuralitharan ◽

BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽

Helen Heacock ◽

Frederick Shaw

Keyword(s):

Healthcare System ◽

Tap Water ◽

Fresh Produce ◽

Hand Washing ◽

P Value ◽

Foodborne Illnesses ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Public ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

Background: Foodborne illnesses linked to fresh produce has been on the rise in recent years. This increase in illnesses pose a massive burden to the healthcare system. One way to prevent this is through educating the public the importance of handwashing produce. There are many studies that have tested ways of washing and sanitizing fresh produce to reduce surface pathogens. However the average consumer mainly hand washes produce before consuming it. Thus this study intends to test the efficacy of hand washing by testing surface ATP on apples before and after they have been washed. Methods: Apples were purchased from the bulk section of a super market. ATP swabs were used to test the concentration of ATP on the surface of the apples. The values were recorded. All the apples were hand washed under running tap water for 15 seconds and the surface ATP concentration were obtained and recorded. The values were then compared to draw a conclusion. Results: The results show that there is statistically significant reduction in surface ATP values on apples after washing them (mean ATP value of 33.2) compared to before washing them (mean ATP value of 116.67). The p-value obtained was 0.00033 when α = 0.05. Conclusion: This study was able to conclude that there was a significant reduction in surface ATP values following handwashing of the apples. There was an observed 60% reduction in the mean values of ATP of before and after hand washing. In conclusion, hand washing apples do provide an adequate reduction of surface ATP values thus attaining surface cleanliness.

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PRENATAL YOGA TERHADAP TINGKAT KECEMASAN PRIMIGRAVIDA TRIMESTER III

Jurnal Sains Kebidanan ◽

10.31983/jsk.v2i1.5788 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 29-34

Author(s):

Riza Amalia ◽

Rusmini Rusmini ◽

Diki Retno Yuliani

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Alternative Therapy ◽

P Value ◽

Third Trimester ◽

The Third ◽

Before And After ◽

Change In The Mean ◽

Prolonged Labor ◽

The Mean ◽

Anxiety Levels

Anxiety in pregnant women often occurs in the third trimester. Anxiety results in prolonged labor, premature birth, LBW (Low Birth Weight). To prevent and reduce anxiety, prenatal yoga as an alternative therapy is given to primigravida pregnant women in the third trimester.The puropose of this study is to find out the influence of prenatal yoga toward anxiety level primigravida in the third trimester in Puskesmas I Kembaran, Banyumas District. This study used quasy experimental with pretest posttest design. The sample in this study are all of primigravida in third trimester, there are 24 pregnant woman in Puskesmas 1 Kembaran. The results showed there were differences in primigravida in third trimester anxiety levels before and after prenatal yoga with p value = 0,000 (p 0.05). There is an influence of prenatal yoga on the level of anxiety primigravida in third trimester. There is a change in the mean level of anxiety of 11,3.

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Cooled Radiofrequency Ablation of the Genicular Nerves for Treatment of Chronic Knee Pain

10.1101/2020.03.27.20045674 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yashar Eshraghi ◽

Roshina Khan ◽

Omar Said ◽

Cruz Velasco ◽

Maged Guirguis

Keyword(s):

Radiofrequency Ablation ◽

Knee Pain ◽

Rating Scale ◽

P Value ◽

Pain Disability Index ◽

Pain Disability ◽

Pain Scores ◽

Chronic Knee Pain ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

BackgroundChronic knee pain from conditions such as osteoarthritis (OA) is a significant problem in a growing and aging population. Cooled radiofrequency ablation (CRFA) is an emerging technique to treat chronic knee pain. There is significant literature noting the clinical outcomes of CRFA in anatomic locations including the peripheral joints and the lumbar spine. This retrospective study found significant improvements in Pain Disability Index (PDI) scores and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) scores for patients with chronic knee pain who underwent cooled radiofrequency ablation (CRFA) therapy of the genicular nerves.ObjectivesThis retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness of CRFA in the general chronic knee pain population.Study DesignRetrospective electronic chart review.SettingOutpatient non-profit practice.MethodsAfter institutional review board approval, we reviewed the data of 205 patients who had undergone cooled radiofrequency ablation therapy of the genicular nerves at a multiple-site pain practice between December 5, 2017 and September 4, 2019. This study’s primary outcome was improvement in Pain Disability Index (PDI) scores. The secondary outcomes were pain scores, assessed by the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and opioid consumption, assessed by daily Morphine Equivalent Dose (MED). From the 205 patients who met inclusion criteria, there were 104 patients who had PDI scores both before and after the CRFA procedure that were collected in the appropriate time frame. For these 104 patients, the pain scores and opioid consumption before and after the CRFA procedure were also collected. The age of the 104 patients ranged from 21 to 89 years. There were 38 males and 66 females.ResultsThe mean PDI score before genicular nerve block and CRFA was 38.7, and the mean PDI score after CRFA was 26.5. After CRFA treatment, 67.38% of patients had a decrease in their PDI scores, 27.9% had no change, and 4.81% had an increase in their PDI scores. P-value <0.001 with 95% CI Median (-11, -7). The mean NPRS score before genicular nerve block and CRFA was 6.98, and the mean NPRS score after CRFA was 4.18. P-value <0.001 with 95% CI Median (-3, -2). The largest group of patients, 49% of patients, had a pain score reduction of 2.25 points, while the next largest group, 17.3% of patients, had a reduction of 0.75 points, followed by 12.5% of patients with a reduction of 3.75 points. When comparing Morphine Equivalent Dose (MED) before and after the CRFA procedure, 37.5% of patients were not on opioid medication at any time during the study; additionally, the MED did not change for the majority of patients (80.77%), while the MED decreased for 13.46% of patients and increased for 5.77% of patients. Mean MED before GNB and CRFA was 17.13 and 15.91 after CRFA. P=0.025 with 95% CI Median (0,0). No serious adverse events were reported.LimitationsRetrospective nature of the study.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the clinical effectiveness of CRFA for the treatment of chronic knee pain by improvements in PDI scores and NPRS scores for the majority of patients. Results from this study indicate that CRFA treatment provides significant pain relief and reduces the disability caused by chronic knee pain in a patient’s daily life.

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CENTRAL MACULAR THICKNESS AFTER CATARACT SURGERY IN NON-DIABETICS AND DIABETICS WITHOUT RETINOPATHY

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.6840 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (6) ◽

pp. 1993-96

Author(s):

Marrium Shafi ◽

Muhammad Akmal Khan ◽

Yaseen Lodhi ◽

Asma Aftab ◽

Muhammad Haroon Sarfraz

Keyword(s):

Cataract Surgery ◽

Thickness Measurement ◽

Case Control ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

P Value ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

Objective: To determine the mean change in central macular thickness after cataract surgery and to compare the mean change in central macular thickness after cataract surgery in non-diabetics and diabetics without diabetic retinopathy Study design: Case control Study settings and duration: A case control study was carried out at Ophthalmology department, POF hospital, Wah Cantt. Study duration was 6 months (April 2019-September 2019) Material and methods: A sample size of 60 patients was calculated by using Open Epi Software. We used non probability consecutive sampling. Patients were divided into two groups; Cases (Diabetic) and controls (non-Diabetic). All patients underwent phacoemulsification and observed after 4 weeks for macular thickness measurement using optical coherence tomography before and after surgery. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 20. Post stratification t test was applied. P value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total 60 patients were included. Mean age of patients was 65.31 ±7. 63SD.There were 35 (58.3%) males and 25 (41.7%) female patients in the study. We found a significant increase in central macular thickness in cases and controls [(223.100±15.86SD vs 227.2667±17.9SD, p=0.000) and (221.200±12.16SD vs 226.289±16.7861SD, p =0.001)] before and after phacoemulsification in cases and controls respectively. However, no significant difference was found between the groups (p=0.486). Conclusion: Central macular thickness was increased after uncomplicated phacoemulsification in both diabetics and non-diabetics without retinopathy for up to a follow-up period of 4 weeks but the thickness did not differ between the two groups.

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Effectiveness of teacher training conducted at Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal

Journal of Chitwan Medical College ◽

10.3126/jcmc.v5i2.13147 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

G P Dhungana ◽

R M Piryani ◽

M L Chapagain ◽

M Neupane

Keyword(s):

Teaching And Learning ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

P Value ◽

Medical College ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

The Mean ◽

Teachers Training ◽

Experimental Group

Teaching and learning are equally important for the teacher. For teaching to be effective, whereby participants learn better, training of teachers is imperative. Teacher’s training is one of the important aspects of faculty development at Chitwan Medical College (CMC) and this study was done to assess the effectiveness of the teachers’ training pre test, post test experimental group design. In pre test, only 5.6% of the participants had adequate knowledge whereas after teacher’s training, 27.7 % had adequate knowledge. The mean (±SD) knowledge score before and after the intervention was 26.7±5.6 and 33.6 ± 5.6 respectively. The percent change in knowledge after intervention was 25.8 was statistically significant p value <0.001 .Which suggesting that the teachers’ training was an effective intervention.

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Investigation of Olfactory Function Following Septorhinoplasty in Iranian Population by Rapid Smell Test (RST)

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2019/v31i630369 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Amir Yarahmadi ◽

Kamran Kamrava ◽

Ali Shafee ◽

Maryam Milanifard ◽

Mohammad Aghajanpour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Olfactory Function ◽

P Value ◽

Clinical Tool ◽

Smell Test ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Smell Identification

Introduction: All surgical procedures on nose affect the olfactory function to some extent. There are different viewpoints about olfactory function after septorhinoplasty. We aim to investigate smell perception changes in patients following septorhinoplasty. In this study the use of Rapid Smell Test (RST) as a fast and reliable clinical tool was investigated. Methods: A prospective cohort study was done in Rasool Akram teaching hospital in 2018 and 2019. Group of 74 septorhinoplasty candidates aged over 18 was selected by convenience. Persian Smell Identification Test (PSIT) and rapid smell test (RST) was obtained from patients before surgery and one month after, if needed three months after and six months after. In addition for patients with dysfunction in any of follow up periods (one month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery) smell magnitude test (SMT) was used. All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 24.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Out of 74 patients participating in this study 67 were female. Mean age of 25.68±5.18 years was recorded for participants. All patients before surgery had PSIT score more than 19 and the mean PSIT score before operation was 22.63±1.39. Also all patients scored 5 out of 5 in RST before surgery. Mean PSIT score one month after surgery decreased to 22.21±2.20 but still 93 percent (69 patients) of participants were in range for normal olfactory function. We recorded this to be significant (p value = 0.044). RST after one month showed the same results. The difference between RST before and after surgery was also significant (p value = 0.024). For those 5 patients with abnormal olfactory function PSIT and RST were done 3 months after operation which determines normal olfactory function for all of them. As well as PSIT, RST also shows the same results and five participants recorded 5 out of 5 three months after surgery. Conclusion: This study showed changes in olfactory function after septorhinoplasty will resolve at most 3 months after surgery and it is safe to say there is no effect on olfactory function three months after operation. Also we demonstrated that RST can be a fast and reliable tool for assessing patients’ olfactory function in clinical setting.

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