Lexical-semantic Field «Happiness» in the Composition-speech Structure of the Miniature of the Same Name by V.P. Astafiev (For the 95th Birth Anniversary)

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Gejmbuh
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Field ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Core ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
The World

The article is devoted to one of the aspects of the compositional speech structure of the miniature «Happiness» – the ratio of two semantic fields – happiness and unhappiness – and their role in creating an image of the world. The author comes to the conclusion that the center and periphery of the field are formed around the core (happiness – sleep). Joy, beauty, and intimacy (the center) have been exclusively in the field of «happiness»; however light, breath, love and music appear ambivalent, since they can belong to both opposing worlds (the periphery).

scholarly journals The Principles of the Formal Construction of the Lexical-Semantic Field in Modern Chinese

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-251
Author(s):  
Artemii M. Karapetyants ◽  
◽  
Elena A. Timchishena ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Core ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
Semantic Proximity ◽  
Formal Construction

The article presents an attempt to formally construct a lexical-semantic field for the Chinese language, taking into account the fact that the concept of such a field presupposes a certain classification system of the vocabulary, which is divided into large and small groups ordered in relation to each other. Due to the presence in the Chinese language of a large number of copulative complexes, paradigmatic relations of semantic proximity are expressed in syntagmatic relations of juxtaposition, which allowed the authors of the article to construct semantic fields based on the data of normative dictionaries and vocabulary lists. This article presents formal methods for constructing a semantic field for the modern Chinese language, a semantic method for fixing the language. It is based on a graphical representation of combinations of symbols (synographic images) and their explanations in dictionaries and wordlists of the modern Chinese language. As typical examples, the sphere of designations of emotions and verbs with the meanings of purchase and sale was chosen. The article defines the features of the structure of the lexical-semantic field of the verbs of sale and purchase, reveals the lexical units that are included in the core, near and far periphery. The material presented in the article indicates that in the case of the Chinese language, a similar method of constructing a lexical-semantic field can be applied both to tokens with an abstract meaning and to tokens with a specific meaning.

scholarly journals The analysis of semantic fields “diplomacy”, “foreign policy” in the english and russian languages

2021 ◽  
pp. e021057
Author(s):  
Liliya Radikovna Sakaeva ◽  
Yahin Marat Ajdarovich ◽  
Liliya Vyazirovna Bazarova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Independent System ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
The World ◽  
Heads Of State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The concepts of diplomacy and foreign policy are directly connected. Continuing events on the world stage and the interaction of political figures (heads of state and diplomatic workers) lead to the formation of a common international situation. The current general international situation has a significant effect on the foreign policy of countries. Diplomacy is a key tool for the successful conduct of the foreign policy of each active participating state. Foreign policy significantly affects the independent system of law governing interstate relations, while diplomacy helps to formulate general international rules for this system. In this respect, the relationship of the concepts under consideration is clearly expressed. In the course of the study there are lexical units of the semantic field “diplomacy” and “foreign policy” were selected from Russian and English dictionaries with political and diplomatic designations; there was studied and verified the material in the form of diplomatic documents, protocols and international agreements.

scholarly journals NOMINATIVE FIELD OF THE CONCEPT MARRIAGE AND ANALYSIS OF THE SYNONYMOUS RANGE OF ITS KEY UNIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (193) ◽  
pp. 218-224
Author(s):  
Nadiya Ivanenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
English Language ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Field Structure ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The World ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Dictionary Definitions

The research focuses on the study of the actualization of the concept MARRIAGE in the context of the linguocognitive and linguocultural paradigm. The article analyzes the means of modeling the concept MARRIAGE in the British language picture of the world, its content, structure and cognitive interpretation. The concept-cognitive MARRIAGE is considered in the direction of anthropocentrism with consideration of modern achievements of cognitive linguistics, and also the place of this concept in construction of the British national picture of the world is defined. In the English language tradition, this social phenomenon is expressed through the lexical-semantic field of the concept MARRIAGE. The composition of other basic concepts of linguistic consciousness largely depends on the concept MARRIAGE. The article presents the results of etymological analysis. It plays a big role in determining the typology of culture and the need for this analysis helps to establish the source of origin of the conceptualizer. The analysis of dictionary definitions made it possible to investigate all the meanings of lexical units of the outlined nominative field. This allowed us to understand the nature and types of semantic structure of words that belong to different semantic groups and semasiological subclasses, as well as to look at the epidemiological relations of the key. In order to describe the complex structure of the organization of a multi-valued keyword, the notion of lexical-semantic variant is used. Basic characteristics of the concept MARRIAGE are possible to be found in the dictionary definitions and the complex structure of the concept is defined as a field structure, that is: denotative central content with semantic nucleus, peripherality and connotative surrounding.

scholarly journals THE RESEARCH OF THE STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES OF THE LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FIELD “POLITICAL ACTIVITY” WITHIN SOCIO-POLITICAL LEXIS OF THE UKRAINIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
O. V. Minenko ◽  
Y. S. Snisarenko
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
National Language ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

The article deals with the semantics of lexical units of unrelated languages. Problems of studying the lexical level of related and unrelated languages are of particular interest, since the specificity of the national language systems is the most clearly reflected in the lexis. The study of common and different structural semantic features makes it possible to disclose the peculiarity of the native language and culture on the background of language contacts. The studied language systems belong to different types, and the comparison of languages of different types without regard to their genetic links is the greatest value for any research, since it contributes significantly to the correct understanding of the significance of the analyzed speech phenomena. The subject of the analysis is lexemes of socio-political meaning in the Ukrainian and English languages. The study of socio-political lexis is of considerable interest to linguistics, because it reflects one of the most important spheres of life of modern society – political. The study of such an active lexical category as socio-political lexis, contributes to the understanding of language phenomena, due to the evolution of the semantics of lexical units. Socio-political lexis is characterized by blurring of its boundaries, semantic dispersion and sphere of usage. In order to systematize the linguistic material, the lexical-semantic field of the studied lexical units was identified – “Political activity”, within which an anаlysis of the dynamic prosesses in the socio-political lexis was carried out in their correlation with the factors of a social nature. The peculiarity of the lexical-semantic field is that it is allocated on the basis of the logical division of the broad concept, but at the same time it is the actual linguistic division of the man’s representations of objective reality. The field approach to the organization of the vocabulary is one of the main principles of systematization of linguistic phenomena, through which the relationship, interdependence and hierarchy of linguistic units are revealed. This makes it possible to study not separate lexemes, but systems of lexical units and the reflection of their semantic links. Lexical-semantic fields are highly organized and intergrated conceptual spheres, elements of which are mutually delimiting one another, and their importance derives from the system as a whole. Each field analyzes the scope of experience, concrete or abstract; divided and classified in a unique way, reflecting a scale of values of society and a special vision of the world. As a result of the study of structural-semantic features of the lexical-semantic field “Political activity”, it became known that in English it is represented by larger number of lexical units. This advantage can be explained by the greater stability of the British political system in comparison with the Ukrainian. The presence in the lexical vocabulary of the English language of a greater number of borrowed lexical units with political meaning can be explained by the fact that Great Britain has more economic and political contacts with other countries of the world than Ukraine.

scholarly journals The semantic field human states and emotions in French and Serbian phrasemes with birds' names

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Stefan Zdravković ◽  
Ivan Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences

In this article are analysed French and Serbian phrasemes with names of birds by using the contrastive approach in order to show all the similarities and differences that appear on semantic and linguocultural plan. The subject of our research consists of French and Serbian phrasemes that have names of domestic and wild birds (caille, canard, cane, coq, dindon, épervier, grive, linotte, merle, merlette, oiseau, pie, pinson, poule, poulet d'Inde, poussin, vrabac, vrana, gavran, golub, guska, ždral, živina, kokoš(ka), kukavica, patka, pile, prepelica, ptica, ševa). The reason for choosing these zoonymic components is based on the fact that many birds live in close human neighbourhood and they are present for centuries in his everyday life, so the birds' names have become the part of phrasemes in French and in Serbian language. The study provides a better view of the reconstruction of the linguistic image of the world in the minds of French and Serbian speakers, as well as the nature of their relationship to the concepts presented by the phrasemes with the names of birds belonging to the semantic field HUMAN STATES AND EMOTIONS. By relying on linguocultural method of A. Wierzbicka and Kleiber's theory of semantic fields we classified the analysed corpus among 15 semantic subfields depending on the concept that they represent: SADNESS, HAPPINESS, UNHAPPINESS, INDIFFERENCE, LOVE, FREEDOM, DISCOURAGEMENT, CONFUSION, DISPUTE, LOSS OF MIND, FEAR, DRUNKENNESS, STATE OF DEATH, MAN'S FINANCIAL SITUATION, MAN'S MARITAL STATUS.

scholarly journals Стереотип мајке у српском језику

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Žarko Trebješanin
Keyword(s):  
Free Time ◽  
Main Line ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
The Core ◽  
Professional Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

The word mother in all cultures belongs to the small number of most elementary words such as sun, life, man, child, God, soul, earth, which make up the core of linguistic knowledge of people. The paper represents in a concise way research of the stereotypical notion of the mother, as it is manifested in the linguistic image of the world of young contemporary members of the Serbian culture. We examined, with a specially constructed for this occasion linguistic questionnaire, a sample of students (both genders, from four faculties of the University of Belgrade) to find out what the typical mother meant for them, what are her characteristics, what is her main line of personality, in what she finds the meaning of her life and similar. The results of the research of the semantic field of the lexeme mother show that in the reconstructed stereotypical notion a typical mother appears as the one who loves her children, is caring, tender, attentive, devoted, having no free time and therefore, for the sake of children and family, often ignores herself and her personal and professional needs.

scholarly journals ОБРАЗ ДОРОСЛОСТІ У СЕМАНТИЧНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ МОВНОЇ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
Natalya Tokareva ◽  
Anzhelika Kolly-Shamne
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Peripheral Part ◽  
The Core ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Semantic Modelling ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Cognitive Semantic

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of cognitive-semantic modelling of the subjective image of adulthood by schoolchildren of adolescence. The research procedure involved the use of conceptual analysis methods, analysis of vocabulary definitions, content analysis. Based on the results of 4207 text fragments and respondents’ answers study, quantification units of the semantic field of the studied conceptosphere, the core and the peripheral part were identified. It has been stated that in the formatting of the subjective image of adulthood by schoolchildren of adolescence, there is a transition from empirical identification and awareness of predominantly «external» attributes of adulthood to a generalization of the internal relevant subsystems for assessing the world, oneself and other people.

scholarly journals PERIPHERAL ELEMENTS OF THE LEXICO-SEMANTIC FIELD “21st CENTURY CHINA”

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Ирина Николаевна Мартынова
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Electronic Resources ◽  
Popular Opinion ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Trade Partner

В настоящее время средства массовой информации, включая электронные ресурсы, играют значительную роль в формировании общественного мнения по различным вопросам. Это в равной степени можно отнести и к вопросам политики, например, к предоставлению информации о различных странах. Анализ лексических единиц и их подбора для описания образа того или иного государства может быть выполнен с использованием концептуального подхода и теории лексико-семантического поля. Автор статьи анализирует, каким образом Китай представлен в американских газетах и журналах, изданных во втором десятилетии XXI века. Взаимоотношения между двумя крупнейшими экономиками мира представляют огромный интерес для всех остальных стран. Кроме того, Китай выступает в качестве особого политического и торгового партнера России, и это придает всему, что связано с этой страной, особую значимость. Данное исследование является второй частью работы по данной теме; в нем представлен анализ периферических единиц лексико-семантического поля «Китай XXI века». Это такие микрополя, как «Китай - механизм», «Китай - проблема», «Природа», «Здоровье», «Китай - родственник». В статье освещаются лексемы, составляющие данные микрополя, а также приводится анализ возможных причин их употребления в том или ином контексте. Nowadays mass media including electronic resources play a significant role in creating popular opinion on various issues. It stands true for political questions such as proving information about countries. Analysis of lexical units and their choice to describe an image of a country can be done through the use of the conceptual scientific approach and the theory of lexico-semantic fields. The author of the article analyzes how China was represented in American newspapers and magazines in the second decade of the 21st century. Relations between two largest economies in the world are of a great importance to all other countries. Besides, China is a special political and trade partner of Russia, and it makes everything connected with this country particularly significant. This study is the second part of the research on this topic that focuses on the periphery elements of the lexico-semantic field “21st century China”. The analysis showed that these are the following microfields: “China is a mechanism”, “China is a problem”, “Nature”, “Health” and “China is a relative”. The article highlights the lexemes comprising these microfields and discusses the possible meanings and ideas expressed by them.

scholarly journals Inwektywa jest kobietą. Socjolingwistyczne determinanty inwektywizacji języka na przykładzie haseł protestowych ze Strajku Kobiet 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-269
Author(s):  
Julia Klyus ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Method ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
World Semantic ◽  
Verbal Aggressiveness ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
The World ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Invective is a woman. Sociolinguistic determinants of verbal aggressiveness on protest signs from the 2020 Women’s Strike protests in Poland. The article provides an outline of the sociolinguistic, cultural and linguistic determinants of the use of colloquialisms in the modern Polish language. 37 protest signs from the 2020 Women’s Strike in Poland with an invective meaning semantically related to specific people and organizations were analyzed. In order to analyze the similarities and differences between the presented examples, the semantic field method was used. Based on the specific characteristics of the analyzed expressions, 13 semantic microfields were distinguished. The innovativeness of the study consists in looking at the invective not only as an example of using verbal aggressiveness, but also as a peculiar wordplay which, paradoxically, may facilitate communication and relieve tension. Keywords: invectives, protest signs, Women’s Strike, linguistic picture of the world, semantic fields

scholarly journals Image of the Man Being in Written Sources of Western Aukštaitian Subdialects of Kaunas Region: Analysis of Systemic and Textal Data

2020 ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Vilija Sakalauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Work Relationships ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Region Analysis ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The World ◽  
Written Sources

The article analyses the image of man in the written sources of the Western Aukštaitian subdialects of Kaunas region. The object of research is the lexeme man. The methodology of the Lublin Ethnolinguistic School and Jerzy Bartmiński was followed in the article; the works of Polish, Russian and Lithuanian ethnolinguists were also drawn on. The work is based on two types of data: systematic (dictionaries of subdialects) and textual (texts in subdialects). The material of the Western Aukštaitian subdialects of Kaunas region reveals the perception of the world by villagers and their worldview of the language. The definitions of lexicographic sources highlight three main aspects of man: physical – adult, no gender distinction; mental – intelligent, pleasant, kind, honest, serious; social – daily life related to work, relationships with other people, various communities.The study is not limited to the definitions of lexemes, but also takes into account all the data in the lexicographic entry of the word: collocations and quotations illustrating the use of the title word.The data of the lexicographic and subdialect corpus allow reconstructing the lexical semantic field of man, reflect the structure of man’s concept in discourse on subdialects, and present those features of the meaning that the representatives of the subdialect have in mind when using the word man in a specific context.According to the data in Lithuanian subdialect texts and lexicographical, man is a being capable of thinking and speaking, physically fit and healthy, honest, an obedient subordinate, working, communicating, dependent on others, his own nation or religion.

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