scholarly journals Anti-malaria and hypoglycaemic activities of Diosgenin on alloxan-induced, diabetic Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 073-079
Author(s):  
Omoirri Moses Aziakpono ◽  
Madubogwu Ngozi Ukamaka ◽  
Oraekei Daniel Ikechukwu ◽  
Ataihire Johnson Uyovwiesevwa ◽  
Chukwuemeka Charles Ofili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

The rising threat of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to Monotherapies has prompted the world health organization (WHO) 2006 guidelines to recommend the use of different anti-malarias. In this study, the anti-malaria and hypoglycaemic activities of Diosgenin, a potent, yet poorly reported saponin was investigated on P. falciparum inoculated and Alloxan-Induced, Diabetic Wistar Rats. Fort two (42) adult male wistar rats of between 100g and 150g were procured, acclimatized (for two weeks), and grouped into seven of six (6) rats per group. While Group 1 (Normal control) received normal rat chow and water ad libitum, groups 2 – 4 received no treatment (untreated), 10 mg/kg body weight of anti-diabetic Metformin and 25 mg/kg body weight of diosgenin respectively after inducing diabetes mellitus (DM) with alloxan monohydrate; whereas, groups 5-7 (all malaria infected) were untreated (negative malaria control), 25 mg/kg body weight of diosgenin and 56 mg/kg body weight of anti-malaria coartem respectively. Following treatment period, blood samples were obtained and assayed for fasting blood sugar, packed cell volume (PCV) and total white blood cell count (TWBCC). From the result, P. falciparum exposed rats showed lowered PCV values than control with observed improvements in coartem (significant at p < 0.05) and diosgenin (insignificant) treatment groups. Also, diabetic, diosgenin treated rats showed an insignificant reduction in blood sugar levels compared to control, even though this change was apparently improved compared to diabetic, untreated group. Again, TWBCC caused notable decrease in diosgenin treated, though this decrease signified a huge recovery compared to untreated rats. Corroborative studies on diosgenin with other systems is recommended.

scholarly journals ACTIVITY OF ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT FROM Chrysophyllum cainito L. LEAVES IN DECREASING BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL IN MALE WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Malikul Hadi Arrijal ◽  
Burhan Ma'arif ◽  
Arief Suryadinata
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Level ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Chrysophyllum Cainito

<p><em>The high morbidity or mortality due to diabetes mellitus becomes the world health problem. That fact encourages the study about antidiabetes drugs from natural material especially plants. This study aims to analyze the effect of </em><em>ethyl acetate extract from </em><em>Chrysophyllum cainito L. leaves </em><em>in</em><em> decreasing of blood sugar level of alloxan-induced male male wistar rats. This research is considered as experimental research with pre and post test randomized controlled group design. The experimental animals in this study were 25 male male wistar rats divided into 5 treatment groups, treatment with CMC-Na (negative control), metformin with the dose of 9 mg/200gBW (positive control), and leaves extract C.</em><em> </em><em>cainito dose 25; 50; 75 mg/kgBW. All treatment groups had significant decrease of blood sugar levels at 7, 10 and 14 day observations with p &lt;0.05. While in the day 3 had insignificant decrease of blood sugar level with p &gt;0.05. Every C.</em><em> </em><em>cainito leaves extract doses group have the ability to decrease sugar blood level better than negative control, but still below </em><em>positif control</em><em>. The optimum dose in decreasing sugar blood level in this study is 75 mg/kg</em><em> </em><em>BW.</em></p>

scholarly journals Proximate and Sensory Analysis of Functional Drink from Jackfruit Seed Extract with Citrulline Fortification As A Potential Antidiabetic

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
William Ben Gunawan ◽  
Amelia Septyn Priambodo ◽  
Diah Winarti ◽  
Aprilia Nurohma ◽  
Laurencia Okky Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Functional Drink ◽  
Peel Extract

The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia by 2030 will increase to 21.3 million people. There was a growing need for natural foods that can be used as a substitute for antihyperglycemic drugs and may lower the blood sugar levels of diabetes Mellitus patients without burdening the kidneys and causing other side effects. Citrulline, one of the amino acids that are useful for the immune system and improving blood flow circulation, is found in the white peel of watermelon in greater levels compared to the citrulline content of other fruits. Previous research has shown that citrulline supplementation significantly lowered fasting blood sugar and HbA1c as well as inflammatory biomarkers, including in obese subjects. Methods conducted in this study include watermelon peel extract making, jackfruit seed drink making, proximate analysis, total phenol testing, organoleptic testing, and data analysis. The results of proximate testing on jackfruit seed drink with additional citrulline (F1) were F1 samples consisting of 92.31% water, 0.47% protein, 0.99% fat, 0.00% ash, and 6.23% total carbohydrates. Sensory analysis revealed that the flavor of the drink was disliked, while the aroma of the drink was somewhat liked. The addition of watermelon peel extract in jackfruit seed drinks may increase nutrition value, antioxidant content, and has the potential to be a functional drink with antioxidant content and blood sugar reduction effects as antidiabetics.

Effects of Myrtus communis leaf extracts on CdCl2-induced metabolic disturbance in male wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Hafsa Dellaoui ◽  
Abdelkrim Berroukche ◽  
Bakhta Bouzouira ◽  
Narimen Taibi ◽  
Mohamed Zouidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Myrtus Communis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Preventive Effects

Cadmium (Cd) is widespread in the environment. Cd toxicity targets liver and renal tissues and generates oxidative stress. Medicinal plants produce antioxidants scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and chelate heavy metals. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Myrtus communis leaves hydro-methanol extract (HME) and aqueous extract (AE) on Cdinduced toxicity. The experiments were carried out, during 30 days, on male rats; GR1 (controls), GR2 treated with CdCl2 (18 mg/kg), GR3 co-treated with HME (1 g/kg) and Cd (18 mg/kg), GR4 co-treated with AE (1 g/kg) and Cd (18 mg/kg), GR5 with HME and GR6 with AE. Cd induced changes in biochemical parameters (transaminases, urea, creatinine and blood sugar)related to hepato renal function, increased tissue mortification and decreased animals’ body weight. While the treatment animals, with M. communis leaves (HME) or (AE), regulated blood sugar levels. Hepatic steatosis and loss of glomeruli were particularly induced either by Cd or a co-treatment with Cd and plant extracts. M. communis extracts (HME and EA) can regulate blood sugar levels and prevent cadmium accumulation.

scholarly journals Effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet consumption in diabetic rats: Beneficial impact on glycemic and weight control

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 16984-16996
Author(s):  
MMC Anyakudo ◽  
◽  
DO Adeniji ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Formulated Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control

The metabolic response to nutrient ingestion and the rate of digestion and absorption of nutrient molecules in bowel physiology plays an important role in the metabolic control of some human chronic non-infectious diseases. This experimentally-controlled designed nutritional study which lasted eight weeks aimed to determine the effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate (HP/LC) formulated diet on glycemic tolerance, glycemic control, body weight, organ weight and organ morphometry in healthy and diabetic adult male Wistar rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats purchased from a disease-free stock were randomly categorized into four groups (n = 6, each) after two weeks acclimatization period in raised stainless steel cages with 6 mm2mesh floor and replaceable numbered blotters papers placed under each cage in a well-ventilated animal house. Animal groups include: Healthy control group (HC), Healthy treated group (HT), Diabetic control group (DC) and Diabetic treated group (DT. The animals were fed according to the experimental design with water ad libitumfor eight weeks. Diabetes was inducted with freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate solution (150 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneally). Body weights and fasting blood sugar concentrations were measured twice weekly, while oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the last day of the eighth-week study and subsequently followed by organs extraction after anesthesia for weight and gross assessment. Proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet caused significant reduction in mean body weight of treated diabetic (DT: 22.6%; P= .001) and healthy (HT: 5.8%; P= .007) rats while the control animals on control diet recorded significant (P< .05) increase in body weight gain (DC: 12.4%; HC: 11.2%). Glycemic tolerance and control improved significantly in diabetic treated rats over that of the healthy treated rats. Gross morphometry of the extracted organs (kidneys, liver, heart, lungs, spleen and testes) revealed sustained normal morphological features without any visible lesion. In conclusion, consumption of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet enhanced body weight reduction and sustained normal organ morphological features with good glycemic tolerance and control in experimental rats, suggesting its dietary potentiality, safety and suitability to ameliorate obesity-related diabetes.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of children’s physical development in different age groups in Voronezh region 15 years apart (1997-1999 and 2011-2014)

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439
Author(s):  
O A Zhdanova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
World Health ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Health Organization

Aim. To investigate physical development of children in Voronezh region in different age groups in 2011-2014 in comparison with the regional studies data in 1997-1999. Methods. The study was performed on 5644 children aged 1-18 years of health groups I and II in comparison with the data of 10 247 children aged 1-14 years examined in 1997-1999. Body height, weight and body mass index Z-scores, calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software, were evaluated. Results. Children’s Z-score values for body height in 2011-2014 were higher than in 1997-1999 in all age groups and at the age of 1-9 years these values exceeded World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Girls’ height approached the standards in 10-14 and 15-18 years, and boys’ height - in 15-18 years. Body weight of children aged 2-8 years was higher than the regional data in 1997-1999 and WHO standards approaching them at the age of 9. Body mass index increase compared to WHO standards was revealed in children aged 1-4 years (p=0.000), and in 2011-2014 the reported differences were less prominent than in 1997-1999. In 2011-2014 among 15-18-years-old girls the shift of body mass index values to the lack of body weight was noted, in 1997-1999 the same changes were found out for 10-14-years-old girls. Conclusion. In 2011-2014 specific attention was required to be paid to physical development of children at the age from 1 to 4 years due to overweight risk of and girls aged 15-18 years due to probable underweight risk.

scholarly journals Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Corchorus olitorius on the testis and blood testosterone level of adult Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 024-030
Author(s):  
Godwin Chinedu Uloneme ◽  
Demian Nnabuihe Ezejindu ◽  
Darlington Cyprian Akukwu ◽  
Amadi Chibundu Chiekezie
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Group B ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Group D

Background: The extract of Corchorus olitorius has a reasonable content of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fibre, and therefore enjoys a universal application in the treatment of some disease conditions, even as the whole leaf is a very important component of food in so many cultures. Purpose: The study was designed to investigate the effect of Corchorus olitorius extracts on the testis of adult Wistar rats. Method: A total number of thirty two adult Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200 grammes separated into four groups labeled A,B,C and D respectively were used for the study. Animals in group A which served as the control group were fed with the normal rat chow and water only. The group B rats were administered 100mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorus; while those in group C were administered 500mg/kg body weight of the extract. The group D rats received 1000mg/kg body weight of the extract. For a period of four weeks, the different experimental animal groups received the respective aforementioned treatments once daily, around nine- o’clock in the morning through oral intubation. At the end of the 28 day treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the testes harvested for histological, investigation, and through cardiac puncture, blood samples for some hormonal studies was also collected and investigated using standard laboratory standards. Results: Observations made showed that the extract produced no histological distortions, degenerative or defective effects on the testicular tissues. The testosterone levels of group B, C, and D rats were observed to be significantly higher (P<0.005) than that of the group A (control group).ound: The extract of Corchorus olitorius has a reasonable content of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fibre, and therefore enjoys a universal application in the treatment of some disease conditions, even as the whole leaf is a very important component of food in so many cultures. Purpose: The study was designed to investigate the effect of Corchorus olitorius extracts on the testis of adult Wistar rats. Method: A total number of thirty two adult Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200 grammes separated into four groups labeled A,B,C and D respectively were used for the study. Animals in group A which served as the control group were fed with the normal rat chow and water only. The group B rats were administered 100mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorus; while those in group C were administered 500mg/kg body weight of the extract. The group D rats received 1000mg/kg body weight of the extract. For a period of four weeks, the different experimental animal groups received the respective aforementioned treatments once daily, around nine- o’clock in the morning through oral intubation. At the end of the 28 day treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the testes harvested for histological, investigation, and through cardiac puncture, blood samples for some hormonal studies was also collected and investigated using standard laboratory standards. Results: Observations made showed that the extract produced no histological distortions, degenerative or defective effects on the testicular tissues. The testosterone levels of group B, C, and D rats were observed to be significantly higher (P<0.005) than that of the group A (control group).

Papric Ethanol Extract Test (Capsicum Annuum) on Blood Sugar Levels of Wistar Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) Induced Alloxan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Dara Ananda ◽  
Pratama Zendrato ◽  
Edlin ◽  
Andre Budi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Sugar Levels

A B S T R A C TThis study aims to determine the effect of paprika ethanol (capsicum annuum) onblood sugar levels of alloxan-induced Wistar rats (rattus norvegicus). This type ofresearch is experimental. The method used was pre test and post test with controlgroup design. The results of this study indicate that for Post Test 1 or after beinggiven treatment for 7 days, the average result shows that there is an effect of givingred paprika ethanol extract on blood sugar levels in Wistar rats where the significantvalue of each treatment is all less than 0.05. For Post Test 2 or after being giventreatment for 14 days, only at a dose of 250 that has no effect on blood sugar levelsof the rats, because the significant value is 0.813 greater than 0.05, for othertreatments it has a significant effect because the significant value is more smallerthan 0.05.

Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus lesions do not prevent anorectic effect of exercise in male rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (3) ◽  
pp. R579-R584 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rivest ◽  
D. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Energy Gain ◽  
Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Serum Corticosterone ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The effects of a hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) lesion on energy balance were investigated in exercise-trained rats. Male Wistar rats weighing initially 250 g were divided into four groups. Two groups of rats underwent a bilateral PVN lesion, whereas the two remaining groups were sham operated. The PVN lesions were done electrolytically. One group from each surgical treatment was exercised, while the other group was kept in sedentary conditions. Rats were exercised on a rodent motor-driven treadmill at moderate intensity, 1 h/day for 21 consecutive days. Food intake and body weight were measured each day during the study. At the end of the treatment period, rats were killed, and carcasses were analyzed for their energy content. Serum corticosterone was measured by a competitive protein-binding assay. Energy gain and energy intake were lower in exercised rats than in sedentary controls, regardless of whether they were sham or PVN lesioned. Concurrently, there was no difference in the energy gain between PVN-lesioned and sham-operated rats, despite the fact that PVN-lesioned rats ended the experiment with a larger body weight than the sham-lesioned animals. Serum corticosterone levels were lower in PVN-lesioned rats than in sham-lesioned rats. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the PVN, the hypothalamic nucleus predominantly controlling the pituitary-adrenal axis activity, is not a prominent structure in the regulation of energy balance in exercised male Wistar rats.

Model of spontaneous obesity in aging male Wistar rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (6) ◽  
pp. R1117-R1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. Newby ◽  
M. DiGirolamo ◽  
G. A. Cotsonis ◽  
M. H. Kutner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Relationship Of

We analyzed retrospectively data from 148 chow-fed male Wistar rats killed between the age of 6 wk and 2 yr while varying in body weight from 136 to 917 g. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship of body weight and body lipid content with the composition and cellularity of the epididymal and retroperitoneal fat depots. A positive linear association was found between body weight and body water or fat-free dry residue, whereas total body lipid exhibited a curvilinear relationship with body weight. The weight of the epididymal pads was linearly related to body weight but not to body lipid. In contrast, retroperitoneal pad weight was exponentially related to body weight and paralleled total body lipid. A strong linear correlation was found between total body lipid and weight (r = 0.959) or depot lipid content (r = 0.967) of the retroperitoneal fat pads. In this rat model of aging and spontaneous obesity, significant regional differences exist in adipose depot composition and cellularity. A practical outcome of this study is a simple and accurate prediction of body lipid content from the gravimetric determination of the retroperitoneal fat depots.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document